2022 Guidelines for the Development of a Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) PDF

RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP)  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EF...

RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP)  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 1 ANNEX 8 RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION COMMITTEE, RECALLING Article 38(a) of the Convention on the International Maritime Organization concerning the functions of the Marine Environment Protection Committee (the Committee) conferred upon it by international conventions for the prevention and control of marine pollution from ships, NOTING that the Committee, at its seventy-sixth session, adopted, by resolution MEPC.328(76), the 2021 revised MARPOL Annex VI, which will enter into force on 1 November 2022, NOTING IN PARTICULAR that the 2021 revised MARPOL Annex VI (MARPOL Annex VI) contains amendments concerning mandatory goal-based technical and operational measures to reduce the carbon intensity of international shipping, NOTING FURTHER that regulation 26 of MARPOL Annex VI requires each ship to keep on board a Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), to be developed and reviewed, taking into account the guidelines adopted by the Organization, RECOGNIZING that the aforementioned amendments to MARPOL Annex VI require relevant guidelines for uniform and effective implementation of the regulations and to provide sufficient lead time for industry to prepare, NOTING that the Committee, at its seventieth session, adopted, by resolution MEPC.282(70), the 2016 Guidelines for the development of a Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), HAVING CONSIDERED, at its seventy-eighth session, the draft 2022 Guidelines for the development of a Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), 1 ADOPTS the 2022 Guidelines for the development of a Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), as set out in the annex to the present resolution; 2 INVITES Administrations to take the annexed Guidelines into account when developing and enacting national laws which give force to and implement requirements set forth in regulation 26 of MARPOL Annex VI; 3 REQUESTS the Parties to MARPOL Annex VI and other Member Governments to bring the annexed Guidelines to the attention of masters, seafarers, shipowners, ship operators and any other interested parties; I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 2 4 AGREES to keep the Guidelines under review in light of experience gained with their implementation, also taking into consideration that in accordance with regulations 25.3 and 28.11 of MARPOL Annex VI a review of the technical and operational measures to reduce the carbon intensity of international shipping shall be completed by 1 January 2026; 5 REVOKES the 2016 Guidelines for the development of a Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) adopted by resolution MEPC.282(70). I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 3 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 2 DEFINITIONS PART I OF THE SEEMP: SHIP MANAGEMENT PLAN TO IMPROVE ENERGY EFFICIENCY 3 GENERAL 4 FRAMEWORK AND STRUCTURE OF PART I OF THE SEEMP 5 GUIDANCE ON BEST PRACTICES FOR FUEL EFFICIENT OPERATION OF SHIPS PART II OF THE SEEMP: SHIP FUEL OIL CONSUMPTION DATA COLLECTION PLAN 6 GENERAL 7 GUIDANCE ON METHODOLOGY FOR COLLECTING DATA ON FUEL OIL CONSUMPTION, DISTANCE TRAVELLED AND HOURS UNDER WAY 8 DIRECT CO2 MEASUREMENT PART III OF THE SEEMP: SHIP OPERATIONAL CARBON INTENSITY PLAN 9 GENERAL 10 ATTAINED ANNUAL OPERATIONAL CII CALCULATION METHODOLOGY; DATA COLLECTION PLAN AND DATA QUALITY 11 REQUIRED ANNUAL OPERATIONAL CII FOR NEXT THREE YEARS 12 THREE-YEAR IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 13 PROCESS FOR SELF-EVALUATION AND IMPROVEMENT 14 REVIEW AND UPDATE OF PART III OF THE SEEMP 15 PLAN OF CORRECTIVE ACTIONS APPENDIX 1 – SAMPLE FORM OF SHIP MANAGEMENT PLAN TO IMPROVE ENERGY EFFICIENCY (PART I OF THE SEEMP) APPENDIX 2 – SAMPLE FORM OF SHIP FUEL OIL CONSUMPTION DATA COLLECTION PLAN (PART II OF THE SEEMP) APPENDIX 2bis – SAMPLE FORM OF SHIP OPERATIONAL CARBON INTENSITY PLAN (PART III OF THE SEEMP) I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 4 APPENDIX 3 – STANDARDIZED DATA REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE DATA COLLECTION SYSTEM AND OPERATIONAL CARBON INTENSITY TO THE ADMINISTRATION APPENDIX 4 – STANDARDIZED DATA REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE PARAMETERS TO CALCULATE THE TRIAL CARBON INTENSITY INDICATORS ON A VOLUNTARY BASIS I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 5 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 The Guidelines for the development of a Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan have been developed to assist with the preparation of the Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) required by regulation 26 of MARPOL Annex VI. 1.2 Taken together, the aims of the SEEMP should assist the international shipping sector to achieve the goal of Chapter 4 of MARPOL Annex VI set out in regulation 20, which is reducing the carbon intensity of international shipping. The aims of the SEEMP are threefold: 1.2.1 To encourage companies to incorporate actions to improve the energy efficiency and carbon intensity of their ships and ship management practices. 1.2.2 To specify the methodology the ship should use to collect the data required by regulation 27.1 of MARPOL Annex VI and the processes that should be used to report the data to the ship's Administration or any organization duly authorized by it. 1.2.3 To specify the methodology the ship should use to calculate the attained annual operational carbon intensity indicator (CII) as required by regulation 28.1 of MARPOL Annex VI and the processes that should be used to report the data to the ship's Administration or any organization duly authorized by it. 1.3 There are three parts to a SEEMP: 1.3.1 Guidance for Part I of the SEEMP required by regulation 26.1 of MARPOL Annex VI, is addressed in sections 3, 4, and 5 of these Guidelines. The purpose of this part is to provide an approach to monitor ship and fleet efficiency performance over time and describe ways to improve the ship's energy efficiency performance and carbon intensity. Part I of the SEEMP applies to any ship of 400 GT and above. 1.3.2 Guidance for part II of the SEEMP required by regulation 26.2 of MARPOL Annex VI, is addressed in sections 6, 7, and 8 of these Guidelines. The purpose of this part is to provide a description of the methodologies that should be used to collect the data required pursuant to regulation 27 of MARPOL Annex VI and the processes that the ship should use to report the data to the ship's Administration or any organization duly authorized by it. Part II of the SEEMP applies to any ship of 5,000 GT and above. 1.3.3 Guidance for part III of the SEEMP required by regulations 26.3 and 28.8 of MARPOL Annex VI is addressed in sections 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 of these Guidelines. The purpose of this part is to provide:.1 a description of the methodology that should be used to calculate the ship's attained annual operational CII required by regulation 28 of MARPOL Annex VI;.2 the processes that should be used to report this value to the ship's Administration or any organization duly authorized by it;.3 the required annual operational CII for the next three years;.4 an implementation plan documenting how the required annual operational CII should be achieved during the next three years;.5 a procedure for self-evaluation and improvement; and I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 6.6 for ships rated as D for three consecutive years or rated as E, a plan of corrective actions to achieve the required annual operational CII. 1.3.4 Part III of the SEEMP applies to any ship of 5,000 GT and above which falls into one or more of the categories in regulations 2.2.5, 2.2.7, 2.2.9, 2.2.11, 2.2.14 to 2.2.16, 2.2.22, and 2.2.26 to 2.2.29 of MARPOL Annex VI. 1.3.5 Sample forms of the various sections of the SEEMP are presented in appendices 1, 2, and 2bis for illustrative purposes. A standardized data-reporting format for the data collection system and operational carbon intensity is presented in appendix 3. A standardized data reporting format for the trial carbon intensity indicators on voluntary basis is presented in appendix 4. 2 DEFINITIONS 2.1 For the purpose of these Guidelines, the definitions in MARPOL Annex VI apply. 2.2 "Ship fuel oil consumption data" means the data required to be collected on an annual basis and reported as specified in appendix IX to MARPOL Annex VI. 2.3 "Safety management system" means a structured and documented system enabling company personnel to implement effectively the company safety and environmental protection policy, as defined in paragraph 1.1 of International Safety Management Code. 2.4 "Carbon Intensity Indicator" means a performance indicator by which it is possible to measure the carbon intensity of the ship, as defined in the guidelines developed by the Organization,1 taking into account data listed for reporting in appendix IX to MARPOL Annex VI. PART I OF THE SEEMP: SHIP MANAGEMENT PLAN TO IMPROVE ENERGY EFFICIENCY 3 GENERAL 3.1 Regulation 26.1 of MARPOL Annex VI requires each ship of 400 gross tonnage and above, subject to chapter 4 to keep on board a ship-specific Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP). 3.2 The purpose of part I of the SEEMP is to establish a mechanism for a company and/or a ship to improve the energy efficiency and reduce the carbon intensity of a ship's operation. Preferably, this aspect of the ship-specific SEEMP is linked to a broader corporate energy management policy for the company that owns, operates or controls the ship, recognizing that no two shipping companies are the same, and that ships operate under a wide range of different conditions. 3.3 Many companies will already have an environmental management system (EMS) in place under ISO 14001 which contains procedures for selecting the best measures for particular ships and then setting objectives for the measurement of relevant parameters, along with relevant control and feedback features. Monitoring of operational environmental efficiency should therefore be treated as an integral element of broader company management systems. 1 Refer to the 2021 Guidelines on operational carbon intensity indicators and the calculation methods (CII guidelines, G1) (Resolution MEPC.336(76)) and the 2022 Guidelines on correction factors and voyage adjustments for CII calculations (G5) (Resolution MEPC.XXX(78)). I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 7 3.4 In addition, many companies already develop, implement and maintain a safety management system. In such case, part I of SEEMP may form part of the ship's safety management system. 3.5 This section provides guidance for the development of part I of SEEMP that should be adjusted to the characteristics and needs of individual companies and ships. Part I of the SEEMP is intended to be a management tool to assist a company in managing the ongoing environmental performance of its ships and, as such, it is recommended that a company develop procedures for implementing the plan in a manner which limits any onboard administrative burden to the minimum necessary. 3.6 Part I of the SEEMP should be developed as a ship-specific plan by the company, and should reflect efforts to improve the energy efficiency and reduce carbon intensity of a ship through four steps: planning, implementation, monitoring, and self-evaluation and improvement. These components play a critical role in the continuous cycle to improve ship energy efficiency management and reduce its carbon intensity. With each iteration of the cycle, some elements of part I will necessarily change while others may remain as before. 3.7 At all times safety considerations should be paramount. The trade a ship is engaged in may determine the feasibility of the energy efficiency and carbon intensity reduction measures under consideration. For example, ships that perform services at sea (pipe laying, seismic survey, OSVs, dredgers, etc.) may choose different methods of improving energy efficiency when compared to conventional cargo carriers. The nature of operations and influence of prevailing weather conditions, tides and currents combined with the necessity of maintaining safe operations may require adjustment of general procedures to maintain the efficiency of the operation, for example the ships which are dynamically positioned. The length of a voyage and the need to avoid high risk areas may also be important parameters as well as trade specific safety considerations. 4 FRAMEWORK AND STRUCTURE OF PART I OF THE SEEMP 4.1 Planning 4.1.1 Planning is the most crucial stage of part I of the SEEMP, in that it primarily determines both the current status of ship energy usage and carbon intensity and the expected improvement of ship energy efficiency and reduction of carbon intensity. Therefore, it is encouraged to devote sufficient time to planning so that the most appropriate, effective and implementable plan can be developed. Ship-specific measures 4.1.2 Recognizing that there are a variety of options to improve energy efficiency and reduce carbon intensity (e.g. speed optimization, confirming berth availability and arrival time with port of destination, weather routeing, hull maintenance, retrofitting of energy efficiency devices, and use of alternative fuels), the best package of measures for a ship to improve energy efficiency and reduce carbon intensity depends to a great extent upon ship type, cargoes, routes and other factors that should be identified in the first place. These measures should be listed as a package of measures to be implemented, thus providing the overview of the actions to be taken for that ship. 4.1.3 During the planning process, therefore, it is important to determine and understand the ship's current status of energy usage. Part I of the SEEMP should identify energy-saving and carbon intensity reducing measures that already have been undertaken, and should determine how effective these measures are in terms of improving energy efficiency and I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 8 reducing carbon intensity. Part I also should identify what measures can be adopted to further improve the energy efficiency and reduce the carbon intensity of the ship. It should be noted, however, that not all measures can be applied to all ships, or even to the same ship under different operating conditions and that some of them are mutually exclusive. Ideally, initial measures could yield energy (and cost) saving results that then can be reinvested in more difficult or expensive efficiency upgrades identified by part I. 4.1.4 Guidance on best practices for fuel-efficient operation of ships, set out in chapter 5, can be used to facilitate this part of the planning phase. Also, in the planning process, particular consideration should be given to minimize any onboard administrative burden. Company-specific measures 4.1.5 The improvement of energy efficiency and reduction of carbon intensity of ship operation does not necessarily depend on single ship management only. Rather, it may depend on many stakeholders including ship repair yards, shipowners, operators, charterers, cargo owners, fuel suppliers, ports and traffic management services. For example, "just in time" – as explained in paragraph 5.2.4 – requires good early communication among operators, ports and traffic management services. The better the coordination among such stakeholders, the more improvement can be expected. In most cases, such coordination or total management is better made by a company rather than by a ship. In this sense, it is recommended that a company should also establish an energy efficiency and carbon intensity management plan to improve the performance of its fleet (should it not have one in place already) and make necessary coordination among stakeholders. Human resource development 4.1.6 For effective and steady implementation of the adopted measures, raising awareness of and providing necessary training for personnel both on shore and on board are an important element. Such human resource development is encouraged and should be considered as an important component of planning as well as a critical element of implementation. Goal setting 4.1.7 The last part of planning is goal setting..1 For ships also subject to regulation 28 of MARPOL Annex VI, the goal setting should be consistent with the continuous CII improvements set out by that regulation, and should include the relevant information (see paragraph 9.7). These ships are also encouraged to consider setting ship-specific goals in addition to the applicable CII requirements that strive for additional energy efficiency improvements and carbon intensity reductions..2 For ships or companies not subject to regulation 28, there are no requirements to define a goal and to communicate it to the public, or to be a subject to external inspection, surveys, or audits with respect to the SEEMP. Nevertheless, a meaningful goal should be defined to serve as a signal on a company's commitment to improve the energy efficiency and carbon intensity of the ship. The goal can be set using different indicators, including the annual fuel consumption, Annual Efficiency Ratio (AER), cgDIST, Energy I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 9 Efficiency Operational Indicator (EEOI) or other carbon intensity indicators (CIIs).2 In all cases, the goal should be measurable and easy to understand. 4.2 Implementation Establishment of implementation system 4.2.1 After a ship and a company identify the energy efficiency and carbon intensity measures to be implemented, it is essential to establish a system for their implementation. This is done by developing the procedures for energy management, defining tasks associated with those procedures, and assigning those tasks to responsible personnel. The implementation system should include procedures to ensure execution of measures and specify defined levels of authority and lines of communication. Also, it should include procedures for internal audits and management review, where relevant. In sum, part I of the SEEMP should describe how each measure should be implemented and who the responsible person or persons are. The implementation period (start and end dates) of each selected measure should be indicated. The development of such an implementation system can be considered as a part of planning, and therefore may be completed at the planning stage. Implementation and record-keeping 4.2.2 The planned measures should be carried out in accordance with the predetermined implementation system. Record-keeping for the implementation of each measure is beneficial for self-evaluation at a later stage and should be encouraged. If any identified measure cannot be implemented for any reason, the reason or reasons should be recorded for internal use. It is recommended that events and operational conditions outside the control of the ship's crew (for example, waiting for berths, extended port dwell times, operation in severe adverse weather) which may affect the ships rating be documented. 4.3 Monitoring Monitoring tools 4.3.1 The energy efficiency of a ship should be monitored quantitatively. This should be done by an established method, preferably by an international standard. In many cases, the monitoring tool should target the goal indicator set out in paragraph 4.1.7 (e.g. AER, cgDIST, EEOI, or other CIIs as agreed by the Organization). If a quantitative goal is not defined for a ship, a quantitative performance indicator developed by the Organization (e.g. AER, EEOI, CII) or another internationally established tool should be selected. A ship subject to regulation 28 is likely to use the CII as its monitoring tool. 4.3.2 If used, these CIIs should be calculated in accordance with the guidelines developed by the Organization,3 adjusted, as necessary, to a specific ship and trade. 4.3.3 Ships subject to regulation 28 may use other measurement tools in addition to the CII, if convenient and/or beneficial for a ship or a company. In the case where other monitoring 2 Refer to the 2022 Guidelines on operational carbon intensity indicators and the calculation methods (CII guidelines, G1) (Resolution MEPC.352(78)) and the 2022 Interim guidelines on correction factors and voyage adjustments for CII calculations (G5) (Resolution MEPC.355(78)). 3 Refer to the Guidelines for voluntary use of the ship energy efficiency operational indicator (EEOI) (MEPC.1/Circ.684) and the 2022 Guidelines on operational carbon intensity indicators and the calculation methods (CII guidelines, G1) (Resolution MEPC.352(78)) and the 2022 Interim guidelines on correction factors and voyage adjustments for CII calculations (G5) (Resolution MEPC.355(78)). I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 10 tools are used, the reason for the use of the tool and the method of monitoring should be clarified at the planning stage. 4.3.4 It is highly advised to conduct monitoring at regular intervals for checking consistency of data and verification assistance. The ship's fuel oil consumption should be monitored using daily reporting, such as noon reports, or higher frequency data. Establishment of monitoring system 4.3.5 It should be noted that whatever measurement tools are used, continuous and consistent and reliable data collection is the foundation of monitoring. To allow for meaningful and consistent monitoring, a monitoring system, including the procedures for collecting data and the assignment of responsible personnel, should be developed. The development of such a system can be considered as a part of planning, and therefore should be completed at the planning stage. 4.3.6 It should be noted that, in order to avoid unnecessary administrative burdens on ships' staff, monitoring should be carried out as much as possible by shore staff when the data can be automatically transferred, utilizing data obtained from existing required records such as the official and engineering logbooks and oil record books. Additional data could be obtained as appropriate. Search and rescue 4.3.7 When a ship diverts from its scheduled passage to engage in search and rescue operations, and for which emissions are excluded pursuant to regulation 3, it is recommended that data obtained during such operations is not used in ship energy efficiency monitoring, and that such data should be recorded separately. 4.4 Self-evaluation and improvement 4.4.1 Self-evaluation and improvement is the final phase of the management cycle. This phase should produce meaningful feedback for the coming first stage, i.e. planning stage of the next improvement cycle. 4.4.2 The purpose of self-evaluation is to:.1 evaluate the effectiveness of the planned measures and their implementation;.2 deepen the understanding of the overall characteristics of the ship's operation such as what types of measures can or cannot function effectively, and how and/or why;.3 comprehend the trend of the efficiency improvement of that ship; and.4 develop the improved management plan for the next cycle through identification of further opportunities for improving energy efficiency and reducing carbon intensity. 4.4.3 For this process, procedures for self-evaluation of the ship energy efficiency management plan should be developed. Furthermore, self-evaluation should be implemented periodically by using data collected through monitoring. In addition, it is recommended that time be invested in identifying the cause and effect of the performance during the evaluated I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 11 period so lessons learned can be taken into account when revising and improving the next stage of the ship's energy efficiency management plan. 5 GUIDANCE ON BEST PRACTICES FOR FUEL-EFFICIENT OPERATION OF SHIPS 5.1 The search for energy efficiency and carbon intensity improvement across the entire transport chain takes responsibility beyond what can be delivered by the company alone. A list of all the possible stakeholders in the efficiency of a single voyage is long: obvious parties are designers, shipyards and engine manufacturers for the characteristics of the ship; and charterers, fuel suppliers, ports and vessel traffic management services, etc. for the specific voyage. All parties involved should consider the inclusion of efficiency measures in their operations both individually and collectively. 5.2 Fuel-efficient operations Improved voyage planning 5.2.1 The optimum route and improved efficiency can be achieved through the careful planning and execution of voyages. Thorough voyage planning needs time, but a number of software tools are available to assist in voyage planning. 5.2.2 The Guidelines for voyage planning, adopted by resolution A.893(21), provide essential guidance for the ship's crew and voyage planners. Weather routeing 5.2.3 Weather routeing has a high potential for efficiency savings on specific routes. It is commercially available for all types of ship and for many trade areas. Just in time 5.2.4 Good early communication with the next port should be an aim in order to give maximum notice of berth availability and facilitate the use of optimum speed where port operational procedures support this approach. 5.2.5 Optimized port operation could involve a change in procedures involving different ship handling arrangements in ports. Port authorities should be encouraged to maximize efficiency and minimize delay. Speed optimization 5.2.6 Speed optimization can produce significant savings. However, optimum speed means the speed at which the fuel used per tonne mile is at a minimum level for that voyage. It does not mean minimum speed; in fact, sailing at less than optimum speed will consume more fuel rather than less. Reference should be made to the engine manufacturer's power/consumption curve and the ship's propeller curve. Possible adverse consequences of slow speed operation may include increased vibration and problems with soot deposits in combustion chambers and exhaust systems. These possible consequences should be taken into account. For LNG carriers speed optimization means, quite often, a higher speed at the start of laden passages to control tanks pressure and at the end of ballast passages to use the operational LNG quantity needed for cargo tank cooling in propulsion instead of wasting in GCU or condenser steam dump. Charterers are generally aware of the improved efficiency of this speed pattern. I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 12 5.2.7 As part of the speed optimization process, due account may need to be taken of the need to coordinate arrival times with the availability of loading/discharge berths, etc. The number of ships engaged in a particular trade route may need to be taken into account when considering speed optimization. 5.2.8 A gradual increase in speed when leaving a port or estuary whilst keeping the engine load within certain limits may help to reduce fuel consumption. 5.2.9 It is recognized that under many charter parties the speed of the ships is determined by the charterer and not the operator. Efforts should be made when agreeing charter party terms to encourage the ship to operate at optimum speed in order to maximize energy efficiency. Optimized shaft power 5.2.10 Operation at constant shaft RPM can be more efficient than continuously adjusting speed through engine power. The use of automated engine management systems to control speed rather than relying on human intervention may be beneficial. 5.2.11 When optimizing shaft power, due attention should be given to overall power system efficiency. For example, in some cases reducing load or shaft speed below the minimum necessary to operate energy recovery systems and shaft generators may increase overall emissions. 5.3 Optimized ship handling Optimum trim 5.3.1 Most ships are designed to carry a designated amount of cargo at a certain speed for a certain fuel consumption. This implies the specification of set trim conditions. Loaded or unloaded, trim has a significant influence on the resistance of the ship through the water and optimizing trim can deliver significant fuel savings. For any given draft there is a trim condition that gives minimum resistance. In some ships, it is possible to assess optimum trim conditions for fuel efficiency continuously throughout the voyage. Design or safety factors may preclude full use of trim optimization. Optimum ballast 5.3.2 Ballast should be adjusted taking into consideration the requirements to meet optimum trim and steering conditions and optimum ballast conditions achieved through good cargo planning. 5.3.3 When determining the optimum ballast conditions, the limits, conditions and ballast management arrangements set out in the ship's Ballast Water Management Plan are to be observed for that ship. 5.3.4 Ballast conditions have a significant impact on steering conditions and autopilot settings, and it needs to be noted that less ballast water does not necessarily mean improved energy efficiency. Optimum propeller and propeller inflow considerations 5.3.5 Selection of the propeller is normally determined at the design and construction stage of a ship's life but new developments in propeller design have made it possible for retrofitting of later designs to deliver greater fuel economy. Whilst it is certainly for consideration, the I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 13 propeller is but one part of the propulsion train and a change of propeller in isolation may have no effect on efficiency and may even increase fuel consumption. 5.3.6 Improvements to the water inflow to the propeller using arrangements such as fins and/or nozzles could increase propulsive efficiency power and hence reduce fuel consumption. Optimum use of rudder and heading control systems (autopilots) 5.3.7 There have been large improvements in automated heading and steering control systems technology. Whilst originally developed to make the bridge team more effective, modern autopilots can achieve much more. An integrated Navigation and Command System can achieve significant fuel savings by simply reducing the distance sailed "off track". The principle is simple: better course control through less frequent and smaller corrections will minimize losses due to rudder resistance. Retrofitting of a more efficient autopilot to existing ships could be considered. 5.3.8 During approaches to ports and pilot stations the autopilot cannot always be used efficiently as the rudder has to respond quickly to given commands. Furthermore, at certain stages of the voyage it may have to be deactivated or very carefully adjusted, i.e. during heavy weather and approaches to ports. 5.3.9 Consideration may be given to the retrofitting of improved rudder blade design (e.g. "twist-flow" rudder). Hull maintenance 5.3.10 Docking intervals should be integrated with the company's ongoing assessment of ship performance. Hull resistance can be optimized by new technology-coating systems, possibly in combination with cleaning intervals. Regular in-water inspection of the condition of the hull is recommended. 5.3.11 Propeller cleaning and polishing or even appropriate coating may significantly increase fuel efficiency. The need for ships to maintain efficiency through in-water hull cleaning should be recognized and facilitated by port States. 5.3.12 Consideration may be given to the possibility of timely full removal and replacement of underwater paint systems to avoid the increased hull roughness caused by repeated spot blasting and repairs over multiple dockings. 5.3.13 Generally, the smoother the hull, the better the fuel efficiency. Propulsion system 5.3.14 Marine diesel engines have a very high thermal efficiency (~50%). This excellent performance is only exceeded by fuel cell technology with an average thermal efficiency of 60%. This is due to the systematic minimization of heat and mechanical loss. In particular, the new breed of electronic controlled engines can provide efficiency gains. However, specific training for relevant staff may need to be considered to maximize the benefits. I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 14 Propulsion system maintenance 5.3.15 Maintenance in accordance with manufacturers' instructions in the company's planned maintenance schedule will also maintain efficiency. The use of engine condition monitoring can be a useful tool to maintain high efficiency. 5.3.16 Additional means to improve engine efficiency might include use of fuel additives, adjustment of cylinder lubrication oil consumption, valve improvements, torque analysis, and automated engine monitoring systems. 5.4 Waste heat recovery 5.4.1 Waste heat recovery systems use thermal heat losses from the exhaust gas for either electricity generation, heating or additional propulsion with a shaft power take in. 5.4.2 It may not be possible to retrofit such systems into existing ships. However, they may be a beneficial option for new ships. Shipbuilders should be encouraged to incorporate new technology into their designs. 5.5 Improved fleet management 5.5.1 Better utilization of fleet capacity can often be achieved by improvements in fleet planning. For example, it may be possible to avoid or reduce long ballast voyages through improved fleet planning. There is opportunity here for charterers to promote efficiency. This can be closely related to the concept of "just in time" arrivals. 5.5.2 Efficiency, reliability and maintenance-oriented data sharing within a company can be used to promote best practice among ships within a company and should be actively encouraged. 5.6 Improved cargo handling Cargo handling is in most cases under the control of the port or terminal operators and optimum solutions matched to ship and port or terminal requirements should be explored. However, in cases where ships use their own cargo handling equipment (e.g. cargo cranes, self-unloading booms, cargo pumps (tankers)), procedures should be in place to efficiently utilize the energy produced from any additional generators required to operate the equipment. 5.7 Energy management 5.7.1 A review of electrical services on board can reveal the potential for unexpected efficiency gains. However, care should be taken to avoid the creation of new safety hazards when turning off electrical services (e.g. lighting). Thermal insulation is an obvious means of saving energy. Also see comment below on shore power. 5.7.2 Optimization of reefer container stowage locations may be beneficial in reducing the effect of heat transfer from compressor units. This might be combined as appropriate with cargo tank heating, ventilation, etc. The use of water-cooled reefer plant with lower energy consumption might also be considered. 5.8 Fuel type The use of emerging alternative fuels may be considered as a CO2 reduction method, but availability will often determine the applicability. I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 15 5.9 Other measures 5.9.1 Development of computer software for the calculation of current fuel consumption, for the establishment of an emissions "footprint," to optimize operations, and the establishment of goals for improvement and tracking of progress may be considered. 5.9.2 Renewable energy sources, such as solar (or photovoltaic) cell technology, have improved enormously in recent years and should be considered for onboard application. 5.9.3 In some ports shore power may be available for some ships but this is generally aimed at improving air quality in the port area. If the shore-based power source is carbon efficient, there may be a net efficiency benefit. Ships may consider using onshore power if available. 5.9.4 Even wind-assisted propulsion may be worthy of consideration. Various systems are available for retrofit, including Flettner rotors, wing sails and aerofoil kites. 5.9.5 Efforts could be made to source fuel of improved quality in order to minimize the amount of fuel required to provide a given power output. 5.10 Compatibility of measures 5.10.1 These Guidelines indicate a wide variety of possibilities for energy efficiency improvements for the existing fleet. While there are many options available, they are not necessarily cumulative, are often area and trade dependent and likely to require the agreement and support of a number of different stakeholders if they are to be utilized most effectively. Age and operational service life of a ship 5.10.2 All measures identified in this document as applied to part I of the SEEMP are potentially cost-effective in case of high oil prices. The financial feasibility of a specific energy efficiency enhancement can be evaluated by various means. One way would be to estimate the return on investment (ROI) time. However, while measures with lower ROI may have the lowest cost, this does not guarantee the best results in energy efficiency performance improvement. Clearly, this equation is heavily influenced by the remaining service life of a ship and the cost of fuel. Trade and sailing area 5.10.3 The feasibility of many of the measures described in this guidance will be dependent on the trade and sailing area of the ship. Sometimes ships will change their trade areas as a result of a change in chartering requirements, but this cannot be taken as a general assumption. For example, certain types of wind-enhanced power sources might not be feasible for short sea shipping as these ships generally sail in areas with high traffic densities or in restricted waterways. Air draft limitations may also affect the feasibility of wind assistance technology and certain other emission reduction measures. Another aspect is that the world's oceans and seas each have characteristic conditions and so ships designed for specific routes and trades may not obtain the same energy efficiency benefits by adopting the same measures or combination of measures as other ships that operate in different areas. It is also likely that some measures will have a greater or lesser effect in different sailing areas. 5.10.4 The trade a ship is engaged in may also determine the feasibility of the efficiency measures under consideration. For example, ships that perform services at sea (pipe laying, seismic survey, OSVs, dredgers, etc.) may choose different methods of improving energy efficiency when compared to conventional cargo carriers. The length of voyage may also be an important parameter as may trade specific safety considerations. The pathway to the most efficient combination of measures will be unique to each vessel within each shipping company. I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 16 5.10.5 Environmental conditions and the nature of cargo carried also varies between regions. For example, some routes may carry greater volumes of goods requiring careful temperature conditioning, or some transit regions may be subject to frequent severe adverse weather conditions. This may lead to an increase of emissions of ships serving those routes and regions. PART II OF THE SEEMP: SHIP FUEL OIL CONSUMPTION DATA COLLECTION PLAN 6 GENERAL 6.1 Regulation 26.2 of MARPOL Annex VI specifies that, "in the case of a ship of 5,000 gross tonnage and above, the SEEMP shall include a description of the methodology that will be used to collect the data required by regulation 27.1 of this Annex and the processes that will be used to report the data to the ship's Administration". Part II of the SEEMP, the Ship Fuel Oil Consumption Data Collection Plan (hereinafter referred to as "Data Collection Plan") contains such methodology and processes. 6.2 With respect to Part II of the SEEMP, these Guidelines provide guidance for developing a ship-specific method to collect, aggregate and report ship data with regard to annual fuel oil consumption, distance travelled, hours under way and other data required by regulation 27 of MARPOL Annex VI to be reported to the Administration. 6.3 Pursuant to regulation 5.4.5 of MARPOL Annex VI, the Administration should ensure that each covered ship's SEEMP complies with regulation 26.2 of MARPOL Annex VI prior to collecting any data. 7 GUIDANCE ON METHODOLOGY FOR COLLECTING DATA ON FUEL OIL CONSUMPTION, DISTANCE TRAVELLED AND HOURS UNDER WAY Fuel oil4 consumption 7.1 Fuel oil consumption should include all the fuel oil consumed on board including but not limited to the fuel oil consumed by the main engines, auxiliary engines, gas turbines, boilers and inert gas generator, for each type of fuel oil consumed, regardless of whether a ship is under way or not. Methods for collecting data on annual fuel oil consumption in metric tonnes include (in no particular order):.1 method using bunker delivery notes (BDNs): This method determines the annual total amount of fuel oil used based on BDNs, which are required for fuel oil for combustion purposes delivered to and used on board a ship in accordance with regulation 18 of MARPOL Annex VI; BDNs are required to be retained on board for three years after the fuel oil has been delivered. The Data Collection Plan should set out how the ship will operationalize the summation of BDN information and conduct tank readings. The main components of this approach are as follows: 4 Regulation 2.1.14 of MARPOL Annex VI defines "fuel oil" as "fuel oil means any fuel delivered to and intended for combustion purposes for propulsion or operation on board a ship, including gas, distillate and residual fuels." I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 17.1 annual fuel oil consumption would be the total mass of fuel oil used on board the vessel as reflected in the BDNs. In this method, the BDN fuel oil quantities would be used to determine the annual total mass of fuel oil consumption, plus the amount of fuel oil left over from the last calendar year period and less the amount of fuel oil carried over to the next calendar year period;.2 to determine the difference between the amount of remaining tank oil before and after the period, the tank reading should be carried out at the beginning and the end of the period;.3 in the case of a voyage that extends across the data reporting period, the tank reading should occur by tank monitoring at the ports of departure and arrival of the voyage and by statistical methods such as rolling average using voyage days;.4 fuel oil tank readings should be carried out by appropriate methods such as automated systems, soundings and dip tapes. The method for tank readings should be specified in the Data Collection Plan;.5 the amount of any fuel oil offloaded should be subtracted from the fuel oil consumption of that reporting period. This amount should be based on the records of the ship's oil record book; and.6 any supplemental data used for closing identified difference in bunker quantity should be supported with documentary evidence;.2 method using flow meters: This method determines the annual total amount of fuel oil consumption by measuring fuel oil flows on board by using flow meters. In case of the breakdown of flow meters, manual tank readings or other alternative methods will be conducted instead. The Data Collection Plan should set out information about the ship's flow meters and how the data will be collected and summarized, as well as how necessary tank readings should be conducted:.1 annual fuel oil consumption may be the sum of daily fuel oil consumption data of all relevant fuel oil consuming processes on board measured by flow meters;.2 the flow meters applied to monitoring should be located so as to measure all fuel oil consumption on board. The flow meters and their link to specific fuel oil consumers should be described in the Data Collection Plan;.3 note that it should not be necessary to correct this fuel oil measurement method for sludge if the flow meter is installed after the daily tank as sludge will be removed from the fuel oil prior to the daily tank; I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 18.4 the flow meters applied to monitoring fuel oil flow should be identified in the Data Collection Plan. Any consumer not monitored with a flow meter should be clearly identified, and an alternative fuel oil consumption measurement method should be included; and.5 calibration of the flow meters should be specified. Calibration and maintenance records should be available on board;.3 method using bunker fuel oil tank monitoring on board:.1 to determine the annual fuel oil consumption, the amount of daily fuel oil consumption data measured by tank readings which are carried out by appropriate methods such as automated systems, soundings and dip tapes will be aggregated. The tank readings will normally occur daily when the ship is at sea and each time the ship is bunkering or de-bunkering; and.2 the summary of monitoring data containing records of measured fuel oil consumption should be available on board;.4 method using LNG cargo tank monitoring on board: LNG ships use the Custody Transfer Monitoring System (CTMS) to monitor/record the cargo volumes inside the tanks. When calculating the consumption:.1 the LNG liquid volume consumed is converted to mass using the methane density of 422 kg/m³. This is because LNG is transported at methane boiling point, while other heavier hydrocarbons have a higher boiling point and remain at liquid state; and.2 nitrogen mass content is subtracted for each laden voyage from LNG consumption as it does not contribute to CO2 emissions;.5 method using cargo tank monitoring on board for ships using cargo other than LNG as a fuel:.1 to determine the annual fuel oil consumption, the amount of daily fuel oil consumption data measured by tank readings which are carried out by appropriate methods to the cargo used as a fuel. The method for tank readings should be specified in the SEEMP Data Collection Plan; and.2 the tank readings will normally occur daily when the ship is at sea and each time the ship is loading or discharging cargo; and the summary of monitoring data containing records of measured fuel oil consumption should be available on board. I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 19 7.2 Any corrections, e.g. density, temperature, nitrogen content for LNG, if applied, should be documented.5 Conversion factor CF 7.3 If fuel oils are used that do not fall into one of the categories as described in the 2018 Guidelines on the method of calculation of the attained Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) for new ships (resolution MEPC.308(73)), as amended, and have no CF-factor assigned (e.g. some "hybrid fuel oils"), the fuel oil supplier should provide a CF-factor for the respective product supported by documentary evidence. Distance travelled 7.4 Appendix IX of MARPOL Annex VI specifies that distance travelled should be submitted to the Administration and:.1 distance travelled over ground in nautical miles should be recorded in the logbook in accordance with SOLAS regulation V/28.1;6.2 the distance travelled while the ship is under way under its own propulsion should be included in the aggregated data of distance travelled for the calendar year; and.3 other methods to measure distance travelled accepted by the Administration may be applied. In any case, the method applied should be described in detail in the Data Collection Plan. Hours under way 7.5 Appendix IX of MARPOL Annex VI specifies that hours under way should be submitted to the Administration. Hours under way should be an aggregated duration while the ship is under way under its own propulsion. Data quality 7.6 The Data Collection Plan should include data quality control measures which should be incorporated into the existing safety management system. Additional measures to be considered could include:.1 the procedure for identification of data gaps and correction thereof; and.2 the procedure to address data gaps if monitoring data is missing, for example, flow meter malfunctions. A standardized data reporting format 7.7 Regulation 27.3 of MARPOL Annex VI states that the data specified in appendix IX of the Annex are to be communicated electronically using a standardized form developed by the 5 For example, ISO 8217 provides a method for liquid fuel. 6 Distance travelled measured using satellite data is distance travelled over the ground. I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 20 Organization. The collected data should be reported to the Administration in the standardized format shown in appendix 3. 8 DIRECT CO2 EMISSIONS MEASUREMENT 8.1 Direct CO2 emission measurement is not required by regulation 27 of MARPOL Annex VI. 8.2 Direct CO2 emissions measurement, if used, should be carried out as follows:.1 this method is based on the determination of CO2 emission flows in exhaust gas stacks by multiplying the CO2 concentration of the exhaust gas with the exhaust gas flow. In case of the absence or/and breakdown of direct CO 2 emissions measurement equipment, manual tank readings will be conducted instead;.2 the direct CO2 emissions measurement equipment applied to monitoring is located so as to measure all CO2 emissions from the ship. The locations of all equipment applied are described in the monitoring plan; and.3 calibration of the CO2 emissions measurement equipment should be specified. Calibration and maintenance records should be available on board. PART III OF THE SEEMP: SHIP OPERATIONAL CARBON INTENSITY PLAN 9 GENERAL 9.1 Regulation 26.3.1 of MARPOL Annex VI specifies that, for certain categories of ships of 5,000 GT and above, on or before 1 January 2023, the SEEMP shall include:.1 a description of the methodology that will be used to calculate the ship's attained annual operational CII required by regulation 28 of MARPOL Annex VI and the processes that will be used to report this value to the ship's Administration;.2 the required annual operational CIIs, as specified in regulation 28 of MARPOL Annex VI, for the next three years;.3 an implementation plan documenting how the required annual operational CIIs will be achieved during the next three years; and.4 a procedure for self-evaluation and improvement. 9.2 Sections 9 to 15 of these Guidelines provide guidance for ships to which regulation 26.3 of MARPOL Annex VI applies for the following purposes:.1 to assist them in developing part III of the ship's SEEMP, including guidance on developing a ship-specific method to collect necessary data;.2 to describe the methodology that will be used to calculate the ship's attained annual operational CII value and report this to the ship's Administration; I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 21.3 to determine the shipʹs required annual operational CII for the next three years;.4 to develop and apply an implementation plan documenting how the required annual operational CIIs will be achieved during the next three years;.5 to define a procedure for self-evaluation and improvement; and.6 to develop corrective actions, as applicable. 9.3 The required annual operational CII is to be calculated in accordance with regulation 28 and taking into account the guidelines developed by the Organization.7 9.4 In addition, pursuant to regulation 28 of MARPOL Annex VI, part III of the SEEMP is further to include calculation methodologies and a plan of corrective actions for ships that are rated D for three consecutive years or rated as E. 9.5 The ship's attained annual operational carbon intensity is to be calculated taking into account the guidelines developed by the Organization.8 9.6 Ships of 5,000 gross tonnage and above that are subject to regulations 26.3 and 28 of MARPOL Annex VI are strongly encouraged to review part I of their SEEMP to revise it as needed to reflect the actions taken to achieve the ship's CII requirements. 9.7 The goal setting, as referred to in paragraph 4.1.7 in part I, should be consistent with the requirements of regulation 28 of MARPOL Annex VI and should include the ship's required annual operational CII for the next three years following the updating of the SEEMP. 9.8 In addition, while ships subject to regulation 28 of MARPOL Annex VI may relay on the CII requirements when defining goals under part I of the SEEMP, they are encouraged to consider setting additional ship-specific goals that go beyond the applicable CII requirements and strive for energy efficiency improvements and carbon intensity reductions beyond such requirements. 9.9 Ships subject to regulation 28 of MARPOL Annex VI may consider voluntarily using one or more of the trial CIIs (EEPI, cbDIST, clDIST or EEOI), where applicable, for the purpose of providing supporting data for decision-making to support the review clause set out in regulation 28.11 of MARPOL Annex VI. A standardized data reporting format for the parameters to calculate the trial carbon intensity indicators on a voluntary basis is presented in appendix 4. A description of the methodology that should be used to calculate the trial CII should be included in the SEEMP. 9.10 Part III of the ship's SEEMP should be updated in case of voluntary modifications or necessary corrective actions are involved (every three years). 7 Refer to the 2022 Guidelines on the reference lines for use with operational carbon intensity indicators (CII reference lines guidelines, G2) (Resolution MEPC.353(78) and the 2021 Guidelines on the operational carbon intensity reduction factors relative to reference lines (CII reduction factors guidelines, G3) (Resolution MEPC.338(76). 8 Refer to the 2022 Guidelines on operational carbon intensity indicators and calculation methods (CII Guidelines, G1) (Resolution MEPC.352(78)) and the 2022 Interim guidelines on correction factors and voyage adjustments for CII calculations (G5) (Resolution MEPC.355(78)). I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 22 10 ATTAINED ANNUAL OPERATIONAL CII CALCULATION METHODOLOGY; DATA COLLECTION PLAN AND DATA QUALITY 10.1 Taking into account the guidelines developed by the Organization,9 part III of the SEEMP provides detailed information on how the ship's attained annual operational CII should be calculated. Regulation 28 of MARPOL Annex VI states that the attained annual operational CII shall be calculated, using the data collected in accordance with regulation 27 (Fuel Oil Data Collection System). 10.2 In describing the calculation methodology, part III of the SEEMP should include a detailed description of the data required for the calculation of the attained annual operational CII. The data collection should follow the relevant methodology and requirements on the Fuel Oil Data Collection System pursuant to regulation 27 of MARPOL Annex VI (see part II of these Guidelines). 10.3 In case of transfer of the ship from one company to another according to regulation 27.5 or 27.6 of MARPOL Annex VI, all relevant data necessary for the calculation of the attained annual operational CII should be submitted by the former company to the receiving company within one month after the date of transfer. The data should have been verified by the Administration or any organization duly authorized by it according to regulation 6.7 of MARPOL Annex VI before they are transferred to the receiving company. The format of the transfer should be consistent with appendix 3 and such that the receiving company can use it in the calculations of the attained annual operational CII for the whole year in which the transfer takes place. 10.4 In case the former company does not transfer the required data, the Administration may make relevant data submitted to the IMO Fuel Oil Consumption Database available to the receiving company. In case of a transfer of both company and Administration concurrently, the incoming Administration may make a request to the Organization for access to the data according to regulation 27.11. If no such data is available, the attained annual operational CII can be calculated and verified using the available data covering a period of the preceding calendar year as long as practically possible. 10.5 In case of transfer of a ship from one Administration to another according to regulation 27.4 of MARPOL Annex VI the data needed for calculating the annual attained CII is already in the possession of the relevant company and no further exchange of data is needed. 11 REQUIRED ANNUAL OPERATIONAL CII FOR NEXT THREE YEARS 11.1 Part III of the SEEMP describes the required annual operational CII values for the ship for each of the next three years, calculated in accordance with regulation 28 of MARPOL Annex VI and taking into account the guidelines developed by the Organization,10 as the basis for those calculations. 9 Refer to the 2022 Guidelines on operational carbon intensity indicators and calculation methods (CII Guidelines, G1) (Resolution MEPC.352(78)) and the 2022 Interim guidelines on correction factors and voyage adjustments for CII calculations (G5) (Resolution MEPC.355(78)). 10 Refer to the 2022 Guidelines on the reference lines for use with operational carbon intensity indicators (CII reference lines guidelines, G2) (Resolution MEPC.353(78)) and the 2021 Guidelines on the operational carbon intensity reduction factors relative to reference lines (CII reduction factors guidelines, G3) (Resolution MEPC.338(76)). I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 23 12 THREE-YEAR IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 12.1 The three-year implementation plan describes the measures the ship plans to take to continue to achieve the required annual operational CII over the next three-year period. These may include, but are not limited to, measures as outlined in section 5 of these Guidelines. 12.2 The three-year implementation plan is ship-specific. 12.3 The three-year implementation plan should be SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, and Time-bound) to the extent envisaged and feasible. It should include:.1 a list of measures that improve the energy efficiency and reduce the carbon intensity of the ship, with time and method of implementation necessary for achieving the required operational CII;.2 a description of how, when the listed measures are implemented, the required operational CII will be achieved, taking into consideration the combined effect of the measures on operational carbon intensity;.3 the company personnel responsible for the three-year implementation plan, and for monitoring and recording performance throughout the year for the reviewing of the effectiveness of the three-year implementation plan; and.4 identification of possible impediments to the effectiveness of the measures for improving the energy efficiency and reducing the carbon intensity of the ship, including possible contingency measures put in place to overcome these impediments. 12.4 The three-year implementation plan should be monitored and adjusted when necessary, and the data to be monitored, identified. 13 PROCESS FOR SELF-EVALUATION AND IMPROVEMENT (IN ADDITION TO SECTION 4.4. OF THESE GUIDELINES) 13.1 The purpose of self-evaluation is to evaluate the effectiveness of the planned measures and their implementation, to deepen the understanding of the overall characteristics of the ship's operation, such as what types of measures can function effectively, and how or why, to comprehend the trend of the efficiency improvement of that ship, to understand trends in the ship's utilization in terms of cargo carried and areas of operation, and to develop an improved action plan for the next cycle. This evaluation should produce meaningful feedback based on experience in the previous period, to enhance performance in the next period. 13.2 Procedures for self-evaluation of the ship's energy usage and carbon intensity should be developed and included in this section of the SEEMP. Self-evaluation should be carried out periodically based on data collected through monitoring. It is recommended that the cause and effect of the ship's performance in the evaluated period be identified in order to identify measures for improving performance during the next period. 13.3 The process of self-evaluation and improvement could consist of the following elements:.1 regular internal shipboard and company audits to verify implementation and the effectiveness of the system; I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 24.2 improvement, i.e. implementing preventive or modifying measures (responsible personnel within the company should evaluate such audit reports and implement corrective actions including preventive or modifying measures); and.3 periodical review of the SEEMP and associated documents, to update the SEEMP in a manner which minimizes any administrative and unnecessary burdens on company's personnel and ship's staff. 13.4 The content of the self-evaluation and improvement could include the following elements:.1 criteria for evaluation, including elements to evaluate, such as quality of monitoring, record-keeping, effectiveness of implemented measures (including cause and effect) and achievement of the goal;.2 the evaluation of the effectiveness of the different measures taken, in terms of energy efficiency and carbon intensity;.3 which measures contribute the most and how much, which measures do not contribute and are therefore not efficient, which ship and/or company-specific elements adversely affect the CII and how these could be improved;.4 timeline for starting the review process ahead of the end of the compliance period and for implementation of new measures in the subsequent year;.5 measures identified to address deficiencies and discrepancies including correction of data gaps and system weaknesses, new measures to improve implementation (e.g. training) as well as new carbon intensity improvement measures as needed;.6 where relevant, actions that will be taken to bring the ship into better CII ratings including estimated quantification of the additional expected reduction in carbon intensity;.7 where applicable, if a plan of corrective actions is required, the plan should include items listed under 15.4.5 to bring the ship out of inferior performance; and.8 where relevant, identification of critical factors that contributed to missing the CII target. 14 REVIEW AND UPDATE OF PART III OF THE SEEMP 14.1 Regulation 26.1 of MARPOL Annex VI provides: "Each ship shall keep on board a ship-specific Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP). This may form part of the ship's safety management system. The SEEMP shall be developed and reviewed, taking into account guidelines adopted by the Organization". Regulation 26.3.2 of MARPOL Annex VI provides: "For ships rated as D for three consecutive years or rated as E, in accordance with regulation 28 of this Annex, the SEEMP shall be reviewed in accordance with regulation 28.8 of this Annex to include a plan of corrective actions to achieve the required annual operational CII". I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 25 14.2 The company should ensure that the SEEMP is reviewed and updated when necessary, as per paragraph 9.10. 14.3 The SEEMP should include a log for when it has been reviewed and updated and identify which parts have been changed. 15 PLAN OF CORRECTIVE ACTIONS 15.1 A plan of corrective actions is not required to be included in the SEEMP unless a ship has been rated D for three consecutive years or E for one year. 15.2 For a ship that is required to develop a plan of corrective actions in accordance with regulation 28.7 of MARPOL Annex VI, a revised SEEMP including the corrective actions for CII reduction shall be submitted to the Administration or any organization duly authorized by it for verification in accordance regulation 28.8 of MARPOL Annex VI. The revised SEEMP should be submitted together with, but in no case later than one month after reporting the attained annual operational CII in accordance with regulation 28.2. 15.3 Regulation 28.9 of MARPOL Annex VI further provides that "A ship rated as D for three consecutive years or rated as E shall duly undertake the planned corrective actions in accordance with the revised SEEMP." 15.4 Developing the plan of corrective actions 15.4.1 The purpose of the plan of corrective actions is to set out what actions a ship that was rated D for three consecutive years or E for one year should take to achieve at least a C rating for the calendar year following the adoption of the plan of corrective actions and ultimately the required annual operational CII. 15.4.2 The plan of corrective actions is ship-specific. 15.4.3 Many of the approaches described in section 5 of these guidelines or any other suitable measure may be applied to a ship to improve its fuel efficiency and thus its CII rating. 15.4.4 The plan for corrective action should describe the actions that the ship plans to take, the timeline in which those actions will be applied, and the expected impact their application will have on the ship's CII rating. It should be demonstrated how the corrective actions will contribute to achieving the required annual operational CII, so as to ascertain the effectiveness of the corrective actions. Experience gained from previously taken corrective actions and their degree of effectiveness should be taken into account when selecting the proper corrective actions. 15.4.5 The plan of corrective actions should be SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, and Time-bound). It should include:.1 an analysis of the cause of the inferior CII rating;.2 an analysis of the performance of implemented measures;.3 a list of additional measures and revised measures to be added to the implementation plan with time and method of implementation necessary for achieving the required operational CII; I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 26.4 designation of a company person to be responsible for the added and revised measures in the implementation plan, monitoring and recording performance throughout and reviewing of the effectiveness of the corrective actions; and.5 identification of possible impediments to the effectiveness of the measures for improving the energy efficiency and reducing the carbon intensity of the ship, including possible additional contingency measures put in place to overcome and how these impediments will be overcome. 15.4.6 The implementation of the plan of corrective actions should be monitored and adjusted when necessary. Additional measures should be taken to strengthen corrective actions in case of insufficient intermediate results. 15.4.7 The company should ensure that it is in a position to perform the actions set out in the plan of corrective actions and confirm that it is able to do so when submitting its updated SEEMP. I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 27 APPENDIX 1 SAMPLE FORM OF SHIP MANAGEMENT PLAN TO IMPROVE ENERGY EFFICIENCY (PART I OF THE SEEMP) Name of ship: Gross tonnage: Ship type: Capacity: IMO number: Date of Developed by: development: Implementation From: Implemented by: period: Until: Planned date of next evaluation: Review and update log Date/timeline Updated parts Developed by Implemented by 1 MEASURES Energy efficiency Implementation Responsible personnel measures (including the starting date) 2 MONITORING Description of monitoring tools 3 GOAL Measurable goals 4 EVALUATION Procedures of evaluation I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 28 APPENDIX 2 SAMPLE FORM OF SHIP FUEL OIL CONSUMPTION DATA COLLECTION PLAN (PART II OF THE SEEMP) 1 Review and update log Date/timeline Updated parts Developed by Implemented by 2 Ship particulars Name of ship IMO number Company Flag Year of delivery Ship type Gross tonnage NT DWT Attained EEDI (if applicable) Attained EEXI (if applicable) Ice class 3 Record of revision of Fuel Oil Consumption Data Collection Plan Date of revision Revised provision 4 Ship engines and other fuel oil consumers and fuel oil types used Engines or other fuel oil Power Fuel oil types consumers 1 Type/model of main (kW) engine 2 Type/model of auxiliary (kW) engine 3 Boiler (…) 4 Inert gas generator (…) I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 29 5 Emission factor CF is a non-dimensional conversion factor between fuel oil consumption and CO2 emission in the 2018 Guidelines on the method of calculation of the attained Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) for new ships (resolution MEPC.308(73)), as amended. The annual total amount of CO2 is calculated by multiplying annual fuel oil consumption and CF for the type of fuel. Fuel oil type CF (t-CO2 / t-Fuel) Diesel/Gas oil (e.g. ISO 8217 grades DMX through DMB) 3.206 Light fuel oil (LFO) (e.g. ISO 8217 grades RMA through RMD) 3.151 Heavy fuel oil (HFO) (e.g. ISO 8217 grades RME through RMK) 3.114 Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) (Propane) 3.000 Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) (Butane) 3.030 Liquefied natural gas (LNG) 2.750 Methanol 1.375 Ethanol 1.913 Other (………) 6 Method to measure fuel oil consumption The applied method for measurement for this ship is given below. The description explains the procedure for measuring data and calculating annual values, measurement equipment involved, etc. Method Description 7 Method to measure distance travelled Description 8 Method to measure hours under way Description 9 Processes that will be used to report the data to the Administration Description 10 Data quality Description I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 30 APPENDIX 2bis SAMPLE FORM OF SHIP OPERATIONAL CARBON INTENSITY PLAN (PART III OF THE SEEMP) 1 Review and update log Date/timeline Updated parts Developed by Implemented by Etc. 2 Required CII over the next three years, attained CII and rating over three consecutive years Name of the ship IMO number Company Year of delivery Flag Ship type Gross tonnage DWT Applicable CII □AER； □cgDIST Year Required Attained annual Attained Operational carbon annual operational CII annual intensity rating (A, B, C, operational (before any operational D or E): CII correction) CII Required annual operational CII : 3 Calculation methodology of the ship's attained annual CII, including required data and how to obtain these data as far as not addressed in part II Description 4 Three-year implementation plan Description I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 31 Company personnel to be responsible for the three-year implementation plan, monitoring and recording performance List of measures to be considered and implemented Measure Impact Time and method of implementation and Impediments and contingency on CII responsible personnel measures Milestone Due Responsible Impediment Contingencies Milestone Due Responsible Impediment Contingencies Milestone Due Responsible Impediment Contingencies Milestone Due Responsible Impediments Contingencies Calculation showing the combined effect of the measures and that the required operational CII will be achieved Year Required annual Targeted Targeted rating operational CII operational annual CII : 5 Self-evaluation and improvement Description 6 Plan of corrective actions (if applicable) Analysis of causes for inferior CII rating Cause Analysis of effect Actions I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 32 Analysis of measures in the implementation plan Measure Analysis of effect Actions List of additional measures and revised measures to be added to the implementation plan Measure Impact Time and method of Impediments and contingency on CII implementation and responsible measures personnel Milestone Due Responsible Impediments Contingencies I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 33 APPENDIX 3 STANDARDIZED DATA REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE DATA COLLECTION SYSTEM AND OPERATIONAL CARBON INTENSITY TO THE ADMINISTRATION Name of the ship IMO number Company Year of delivery Flag Ship type Gross tonnage DWT Applicable CII □AER； □cgDIST Operational carbon intensity rating □A； □B； □C； □D； □E CII for trial purpose (none, one or more on □EEPI； □cbDIST； □clDIST； □EEOI voluntary basis) Attained annual operational CII before any correction (AER in g CO2/dwt.nm or cgDIST in g CO2/gt.nm) Attained annual operational CII (AER in g CO2/dwt.nm or cgDIST in g CO2/gt.nm) End date for annual CII (dd/mm/yy)* Start date for annual CII (dd/mm/yy)* Attained EEDI (if applicable) Attained EEXI (if applicable) EEPI (gCO2/dwt.nm) cbDIST (gCO2/berth.nm) clDIST (gCO2/m.nm) EEOI (gCO2/t.nm or others) …… …… IMO number End date for DCS (dd/mm/yy) Start date for DCS (dd/mm/yy) I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP) MEPC 78/17/Add.1 Annex 8, page 34 APPENDIX 4 STANDARDIZED DATA REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE PARAMETERS TO CALCULATE THE TRIAL CARBON INTENSITY INDICATORS ON VOLUNTARY BASIS* Attained annual EEOI Metric of Cargo Mass Carried or Work Done in EEOI calculation (gCO2/t.nm or others)***** Transport work***** Attained annual EEPI (gCO2/dwt.nm) Laden distance travelled (n.m) Attained annual clDIST (gCO2/m.nm) **** Length of lanes (metre) **** Attained annual cbDIST(gCO2/berth.nm) *** Available lower berths*** End date for trial CII (dd/mm/yy)** Start date for trial CII (dd/mm/yy)** IMO number** End date for DCS (dd/mm/yy)** Start date for DCS (dd/mm/yy)** * For reporting a trial CII, the data should be reported as applicable taking into account the information already provided in appendix 3. ** Consistent with appendix 3. *** Only applicable to cruise passenger ships. **** Only applicable to ro-ro ships. ***** As defined in section 3 of Guidelines for voluntary use of the ship energy efficiency operational indicator (EEOI) circulated by MEPC.1/Circ.684. The distance travelled shall be determined from berth of the port of departure to berth of the port of arrival and shall be expressed in nautical miles. *** I:\MEPC\78\MEPC 78-17-Add.1.docx  RESOLUTION MEPC.346(78) (adopted on 10 June 2022) 2022 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHIP ENERGY EFFICIENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN (SEEMP)