Mental Health Disorder Category PDF

**MENTAL HEALTH DISORDER CATEGORY** **1. Mood Disorders** - **Definition**: Disorders affecting emotional states, leading to prolonged mood changes. - **Examples**: - **Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)**: Persistent sadness, loss of interest, and fatigue. - **Bipolar...

**MENTAL HEALTH DISORDER CATEGORY** **1. Mood Disorders** - **Definition**: Disorders affecting emotional states, leading to prolonged mood changes. - **Examples**: - **Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)**: Persistent sadness, loss of interest, and fatigue. - **Bipolar Disorder**: Alternating episodes of mania (elevated mood) and depression. - **Cyclothymic Disorder**: Milder mood swings than bipolar disorder. - **Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)**: Depression triggered by seasonal changes. **2. Personality Disorders** - **Definition**: Enduring patterns of behavior, emotion, and thinking that deviate from cultural norms. **Cluster A: Odd or Eccentric** - Key Trait: Distrust and suspicion of others. - Example: Believing others are out to harm or deceive them. - Key Trait: Detachment from social relationships. - Example: Preferring solitude and showing little emotion. - Key Trait: Odd beliefs and behaviors. - Example: Unusual thinking or magical beliefs, like seeing connections that don't exist. **Cluster B: Dramatic, Emotional, or Erratic** - Key Trait: Disregard for others' rights. - Example: Breaking rules without remorse. - Key Trait: Emotional instability and fear of abandonment. - Example: Intense mood swings and unstable relationships. - Key Trait: Excessive attention-seeking. - Example: Being overly dramatic or needing to be the center of attention. - Key Trait: Grandiosity and lack of empathy. - Example: Thinking they're superior and expecting special treatment. **Cluster C: Anxious or Fearful** - Key Trait: Fear of rejection and criticism. - Example: Avoiding social situations despite wanting connections. - Key Trait: Excessive reliance on others. - Example: Needing constant reassurance and support for decisions. - Key Trait: Perfectionism and control. - Example: Being overly focused on order and rules. **3. Anxiety Disorders** - **Definition**: Disorders involving excessive fear or worry that disrupt daily life. - **Examples**: - **Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)**: Persistent and uncontrollable worry about various things. - **Panic Disorder**: Recurrent panic attacks and fear of having more. - **Social Anxiety Disorder**: Intense fear of social situations and judgment. - **Specific Phobias**: Extreme fear of specific objects or situations. **4. Psychotic Disorders** - **Definition**: Disorders causing distorted thinking, perception, and reality. - **Examples**: - **Schizophrenia**: Hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized speech. - **Delusional Disorder**: Fixed false beliefs without other psychotic symptoms. - **Schizoaffective Disorder**: Combination of schizophrenia symptoms and mood disorder symptoms. **5. Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders** - **Definition**: Disorders involving intrusive thoughts or repetitive behaviors. - **Examples**: - **Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)**: Obsessions (thoughts) and compulsions (actions). - **Body Dysmorphic Disorder**: Preoccupation with perceived physical flaws. - **Hoarding Disorder**: Difficulty discarding possessions, leading to clutter. **6. Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders** - **Definition**: Disorders triggered by traumatic or stressful events. - **Examples**: - **Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)**: Flashbacks, nightmares, and avoidance of trauma reminders. - **Acute Stress Disorder**: PTSD-like symptoms immediately after trauma. - **Adjustment Disorders**: Emotional or behavioral response to a significant life change or stressor. **7. Dissociative Disorders** - **Definition**: Disorders involving disruptions in memory, identity, or perception of reality. - **Examples**: - **Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)**: Two or more distinct identities. - **Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder**: Feeling detached from oneself or the environment. - **Dissociative Amnesia**: Memory loss related to personal information or trauma. **8. Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders** - **Definition**: Disorders focusing on physical symptoms without medical explanation. - **Examples**: - **Somatic Symptom Disorder**: Excessive focus on physical symptoms. - **Conversion Disorder**: Neurological symptoms without a medical cause (e.g., paralysis). - **Illness Anxiety Disorder**: Preoccupation with having a serious illness. **9. Eating Disorders** - **Definition**: Disorders involving abnormal eating behaviors and concerns about body weight or shape. - **Examples**: - **Anorexia Nervosa**: Restricting food intake leading to significant weight loss. - **Bulimia Nervosa**: Binge eating followed by purging. - **Binge-Eating Disorder**: Recurrent episodes of consuming large amounts of food without purging. **10. Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders** - **Definition**: Disorders related to the misuse of substances or addictive behaviors. - **Examples**: - **Alcohol Use Disorder**: Problematic drinking patterns affecting life. - **Opioid Use Disorder**: Addiction to prescription or illicit opioids. - **Gambling Disorder**: Compulsive gambling despite negative consequences. **11. Neurodevelopmental Disorders** - **Definition**: Disorders that arise during developmental periods, affecting behavior, learning, or communication. - **Examples**: - **Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)**: Challenges with social interaction and repetitive behaviors. - **Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)**: Inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity. - **Intellectual Disability**: Impaired cognitive and adaptive functioning. **12. Neurocognitive Disorders** - **Definition**: Disorders involving declines in cognitive function due to brain damage or aging. - **Examples**: - **Alzheimer's Disease**: Progressive memory and cognitive decline. - **Dementia**: Decline in multiple cognitive functions. - **Delirium**: Sudden confusion and disorientation, often temporary. **13. Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders** - **Definition**: Disorders involving difficulty controlling impulses or socially unacceptable behavior. - **Examples**: - **Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)**: Angry and defiant behavior toward authority figures. - **Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED)**: Sudden episodes of aggressive outbursts. - **Kleptomania**: Compulsive stealing without need. **14. Sleep-Wake Disorders** - **Definition**: Disorders involving problems with sleep quality, timing, or duration. - **Examples**: - **Insomnia Disorder**: Difficulty falling or staying asleep. - **Narcolepsy**: Sudden and uncontrollable sleep episodes. - **Sleep Apnea**: Breathing interruptions during sleep. **15. Sexual Dysfunctions and Paraphilic Disorders** - **Definition**: Disorders affecting sexual desire, performance, or atypical sexual interests. - **Examples**: - **Erectile Disorder**: Difficulty maintaining an erection. - **Premature Ejaculation**: Ejaculation occurring sooner than desired. - **Exhibitionistic Disorder**: Urge to expose oneself to non-consenting others.