Mental Health Disorders Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of a mood disorder?

Disorders affecting emotional states, leading to prolonged mood changes.

Which of these is NOT a type of mood disorder?

Seasonal Affective Disorder

Major Depressive Disorder

Bipolar Disorder

Anxiety Disorder (correct)

What is the key trait of Paranoid Personality Disorder?

Distrust and suspicion of others.

What is the key trait of Schizotypal Personality Disorder?

Odd beliefs and behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

What is the key trait of Antisocial Personality Disorder?

Disregard for others' rights. Signup and view all the answers

What is the key trait of Borderline Personality Disorder?

Emotional instability and fear of abandonment. Signup and view all the answers

What is the key trait of Histrionic Personality Disorder?

Excessive attention-seeking. Signup and view all the answers

What is the key trait of Narcissistic Personality Disorder?

Grandiosity and lack of empathy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the key trait of Avoidant Personality Disorder?

Fear of rejection and criticism. Signup and view all the answers

What is the key trait of Dependent Personality Disorder?

Excessive reliance on others. Signup and view all the answers

What is the key trait of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder?

Perfectionism and control. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of an anxiety disorder?

Disorders involving excessive fear or worry that disrupt daily life. Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a type of anxiety disorder?

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a psychotic disorder?

Disorders causing distorted thinking, perception, and reality. Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a type of psychotic disorder?

Bipolar Disorder Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of an obsessive-compulsive and related disorder?

Disorders involving intrusive thoughts or repetitive behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a trauma-and stressor-related disorder?

Disorders triggered by traumatic or stressful events. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a dissociative disorder?

Disorders involving disruptions in memory, identity, or perception of reality. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a somatic symptom and related disorder?

Disorders focusing on physical symptoms without medical explanation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of an eating disorder?

Disorders involving abnormal eating behaviors and concerns about body weight or shape. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a substance-related and addictive disorder?

Disorders related to the misuse of substances or addictive behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a neurodevelopmental disorder?

Disorders that arise during developmental periods, affecting behavior, learning, or communication. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a neurocognitive disorder?

Disorders involving declines in cognitive function due to brain damage or aging. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of an impulse-control and conduct disorder?

Disorders involving difficulty controlling impulses or socially unacceptable behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a sleep-wake disorder?

Disorders involving problems with sleep quality, timing, or duration. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a sexual dysfunction and paraphilic disorder?

Disorders affecting sexual desire, performance, or atypical sexual interests. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Mental Health Disorder Category

Mood Disorders: Disorders affecting emotional states, leading to prolonged mood changes.
- Examples include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Bipolar Disorder, Cyclothymic Disorder, and Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD).
  - MDD involves persistent sadness, loss of interest, and fatigue.
  - Bipolar Disorder features alternating episodes of mania (elevated mood) and depression.
  - Cyclothymic Disorder involves milder mood swings than bipolar disorder.
  - SAD is a type of depression linked to seasonal changes.
Personality Disorders: Enduring patterns of behavior, emotion, and thinking that deviate from cultural norms.
- Cluster A (Odd or Eccentric)
  - Paranoid Personality Disorder: Characterized by distrust and suspicion of others, believing others are out to harm or deceive them.
  - Schizoid Personality Disorder: Involves detachment from social relationships and showing little emotion.
  - Schizotypal Personality Disorder: Exhibits odd beliefs and behaviors, e.g., unusual thinking or magical beliefs.
- Cluster B (Dramatic, Emotional, or Erratic)
  - Antisocial Personality Disorder: Disregard for the rights of others.
  - Borderline Personality Disorder: Emotional instability, fear of abandonment, and intense mood swings.
  - Histrionic Personality Disorder: Excessive attention-seeking behaviors.
  - Narcissistic Personality Disorder: Grandiosity and lack of empathy; believing in superiority.
- Cluster C (Anxious or Fearful)
  - Avoidant Personality Disorder: Fear of rejection and criticism, avoiding social situations.
  - Dependent Personality Disorder: Excessive reliance on others, needing reassurance.
  - Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD): Perfectionism and focus on control, orders.

Anxiety Disorders

Definition: Disorders involving excessive fear or worry that disrupt daily life.
- Examples: Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Panic Disorder, Social Anxiety Disorder, Specific Phobias.
  - GAD involves persistent and uncontrollable worry.
  - Panic Disorder is characterized by recurrent panic attacks and fear of more attacks.
  - Social Anxiety Disorder involves intense fear of social situations and judgments.
  - Specific Phobias are extreme fears of specific objects or situations.

Psychotic Disorders

Definition: Disorders causing distorted thinking, perception, and reality.
- Examples: Schizophrenia, Delusional Disorder, Schizoaffective Disorder.
  - Schizophrenia involves hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized speech.
  - Delusional Disorder involves fixed false beliefs without other psychotic symptoms.
  - Schizoaffective Disorder combines schizophrenia symptoms with mood disorder symptoms.

Definition: Disorders involving intrusive thoughts or repetitive behaviors.
- Examples: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Body Dysmorphic Disorder, Hoarding Disorder, amongst others.
  - OCD involves obsessions (thoughts) and compulsions (actions).
  - Body Dysmorphic Disorder is preoccupied with perceived physical flaws.
  - Hoarding Disorder is characterized by difficulty discarding possessions.

Definition: Disorders triggered by traumatic or stressful events.
- Examples: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Acute Stress Disorder
  - PTSD involves flashbacks, nightmares, avoidance of trauma reminders.
  - Acute Stress Disorder presents PTSD-like symptoms immediately after trauma.

Dissociative Disorders

Definition: Disorders involving disruptions in memory, identity, or perception. - Examples: Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder, Dissociative Amnesia - DID involves two or more distinct identities. - Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder is marked by detachment from oneself or the environment - Dissociative Amnesia involves memory loss.

Definition: Disorders focusing on physical symptoms without medical explanation.
- Examples: Somatic Symptom Disorder, Conversion Disorder, Illness Anxiety Disorder
  - Somatic Symptom Disorder is marked by an excess focus on physical symptoms,
  - Conversion Disorder involves neurological symptoms without medical cause (e.g., paralysis).
  - Illness Anxiety Disorder is characterized by preoccupation with having serious illnesses.

Eating Disorders

Definition: Disorders involving abnormal eating behaviors and body image concerns.
- Examples: Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, Binge-Eating Disorder
  - Anorexia Nervosa is characterized by restricting food intake and significant weight loss.
  - Bulimia Nervosa involves binge eating followed by purging.
  - Binge-Eating Disorder involves recurrent episodes of consuming large amounts of food, without purging.

Definition: Disorders related to substance misuse or addictive behaviors.
- Examples: Alcohol Use Disorder, Opioid Use Disorder, Gambling Disorder
  - Alcohol Use Disorder involves problematic drinking.
  - Opioid Use Disorder is addiction to prescription or illicit opioids
  - Gambling Disorder is marked by compulsive gambling.

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Definition: Disorders that arise during developmental periods, affecting behaviour, learning, or communication.
- Examples: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Intellectual Disability.
  - ASD involves challenges with social interaction and repetitive behaviors.
  - ADHD is marked by inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity.
  - Intellectual Disability includes impaired cognitive and adaptive functioning.

Neurocognitive Disorders

Definition: Disorders involving declines in cognitive function due to brain damage or aging.
- Examples: Alzheimer's Disease, Dementia, Delirium
  - Alzheimer's Disease involves progressive memory and cognitive decline.
  - Dementia involves decline in multiple cognitive functions.
  - Delirium is sudden confusion and disorientation; often temporary.

Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders

Definition: Disorders associated with difficulty controlling impulses or socially unacceptable behaviour.
- Examples: Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), Intermittent Explosive Disorder, Kleptomania

Sleep-Wake Disorders

Definition: Disorders associated with problems affecting the quality, timing, or duration of sleep.
- Examples: Insomnia Disorder, Narcolepsy, Sleep Apnea

Sexual Dysfunctions and Paraphilic Disorders

Definition: Disorders affecting sexual desire, performance, or atypical sexual interests.
- Examples: Erectile Disorder, Premature Ejaculation, Exhibitionistic Disorder

Adjustment Disorders

Definition: Emotional or behavioral response to a significant life change or stressor.

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Description

This quiz explores various mental health disorders, focusing on mood and personality disorders. You will learn about conditions such as Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, and different personality disorders categorized by their characteristics. Test your knowledge and understanding of these important topics in mental health.