Melanoma: Causes, Treatment, and Prevention PDF

Causes of Melanoma UV Radiation: Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun or tanning beds is the primary risk factor. Skin Type: Individuals with fair skin, light hair, and light-colored eyes are at higher risk. Moles: Having many moles or atypical moles increases the risk. Family History...

Causes of Melanoma UV Radiation: Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun or tanning beds is the primary risk factor. Skin Type: Individuals with fair skin, light hair, and light-colored eyes are at higher risk. Moles: Having many moles or atypical moles increases the risk. Family History: A family history of melanoma can predispose an individual. Immune Suppression: Certain medical conditions and medications that weaken the immune system can increase risk.  Treatment of Melanoma Surgery: The primary treatment for melanoma, especially if detected early. Involves excising the tumor and surrounding tissue. Immunotherapy: Stmulates the immune system to attack cancer cells (e.g., checkpoint inhibitors). Targeted Therapy: Drugs that target specific mutations in melanoma cells, particularly in patients with BRAF mutation. Chemotherapy: Used in advanced cases but is less common for melanoma compared to other treatments. Radiation Therapy: May be used in certain cases, often for palliation rather than as a primary treatment.  Prevention of Melanoma Sun Protection: Use broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher. Wear protective clothing, hats, and sunglasses when outdoors. Avoid Tanning Beds: Tanning beds increase the risk of developing melanoma. Regular Skin Checks: Self-examine your skin monthly and have a dermatologist conduct an annual skin examination for those at higher risk. Education : Raise awareness about the signs of melanoma and the importance of early detection.