Melanoma Causes and Treatments

Causes of Melanoma

• UV Radiation: Exposure to UV light from the sun or tanning beds is the primary risk factor.
• Skin Type: People with fair skin, light hair, and light-colored eyes are at higher risk.
• Moles: Having many moles or atypical moles increases the risk.
• Family History: A family history of melanoma can increase the risk of developing the disease.
• Immune Suppression: Certain medical conditions or medications that weaken the immune system can increase the risk.

Treatment of Melanoma

• Surgery: The primary treatment, especially for early-detected melanoma. Tumor removal along with surrounding tissue.
• Immunotherapy: Stimulates the immune system to fight cancer cells, using drugs like checkpoint inhibitors.
• Targeted Therapy: Drugs that target specific mutations in melanoma cells, particularly those with a BRAF mutation.
• Chemotherapy: Used in advanced cases, less common than other treatments for melanoma.
• Radiation Therapy: Sometimes used for palliation (making the patient more comfortable) rather than a primary treatment method.

Prevention of Melanoma

• Sun Protection: Use broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher. Wear protective clothing, hats, and sunglasses.
• Avoid Tanning Beds: Tanning beds significantly increase the risk of melanoma.
• Regular Skin Checks: Self-examine your skin monthly and schedule annual skin exams with a dermatologist, particularly for those at higher risk.
• Education: Raise awareness on the signs of melanoma and the importance of early detection.

Explore the key causes and treatment options for melanoma in this informative quiz. From risk factors like UV radiation and skin type to various treatment methods such as surgery and immunotherapy, this quiz covers essential knowledge for understanding this serious skin condition.