Common Psychiatric Medications PDF

**COMMON PSYCHIATRIC MEDICATIONS** +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | **Class** | **Mechanism of | **Medication | **Special | | | Action/ | Names** | Considerations* | | | Indication** |...

**COMMON PSYCHIATRIC MEDICATIONS** +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | **Class** | **Mechanism of | **Medication | **Special | | | Action/ | Names** | Considerations* | | | Indication** | | * | +=================+=================+=================+=================+ | Benzodiazepines | Potentiate | Alprazolam | - Habit | | | GABA- anxiety | (Xanax) | forming | | | and sleep | | | | | | Lorazepam | - Significant | | | | (Ativan) | respiratory | | | | | depression | | | | Clonazepam | when | | | | (Klonopin) | combined | | | | | with | | | | Diazepam | alcohol or | | | | (Valium) | other CNS | | | | | depressants | | | | Temazepam | | | | | (Restoril) | - Life-threat | | | | | ening | | | | | withdrawal | | | | | syndrome if | | | | | discontinue | | | | | d | | | | | abruptly | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | Stimulants | Block the | Methylphenidate | - Give early | | | reuptake of | (Ritalin) | in day to | | | norepinephrine | | prevent | | | and dopamine- | Dextroamphetami | insomnia/ap | | | ADHD | ne | petite | | | | (Adderall, | suppression | | | | Vyvanse) | | | | | | - May stunt | | | | | height and | | | | | weight in | | | | | pediatric | | | | | patients | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | Antidepressants | | | | | | | | | | \*all have | | | | | black box | | | | | warning for | | | | | increased | | | | | suicidality | | | | | (usually in | | | | | teens and young | | | | | adults) during | | | | | initial weeks | | | | | of therapy\* | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | Tricyclic | Prevent | Imipramine | - Exceptional | | Antidepressants | reuptake of | (Tofranil) | ly | | | norepinephrine- | | lethal in | | | depression and | Nortriptyline | event of | | | sleep | (Pamelor) | overdose | | | | | due to | | | | | cardiotoxic | | | | | ity | | | | | | | | | | - Anticholine | | | | | rgic | | | | | side | | | | | effects | | | | | | | | | | - Monitor for | | | | | hypertensio | | | | | n | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | MAOIs | Inhibit action | Tranylcypromine | - Require | | (Monoamine | of monoamine | (Parnate) | restriction | | Oxidase | oxidase | | of tyramine | | Inhibitors) | (enzyme) to | Isocarboxazid | in the diet | | | limit breakdown | (Marplan) | to prevent | | | of monoamine | | hypertensiv | | | neurotransmitte | Phenelzine | e | | | rs- | (Nardil) | crisis | | | depression | | | | | | Selegiline | - May cause | | | | (EMSAM) | serotonin | | | | | syndrome | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | SSRIs | Block reuptake | Fluoxet**ine** | - First-line | | (Selective | of serotonin to | (Prozac) | treatment | | Serotonin | make more | | for | | Reuptake | available- | Paroxet**ine** | depression | | Inhibitors) | depression and | (Paxil) | | | | chronic | | - GI side | | | aggression/agit | Sertral**ine** | effects | | | ation | (Zoloft) | | | | | | - May cause | | | | Fluvoxam**ine** | serotonin | | | | (Luvox) | syndrome | | | | | | | | | Escitalo**pram* | - Flu-like | | | | * | withdrawal | | | | (Lexapro) | symptoms if | | | | | discontinue | | | | Citalo**pram** | d | | | | (Celexa) | abruptly | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | SNRIs | Block reuptake | Venlafax**ine** | - Monitor for | | (Serotonin | of serotonin | (Effexor) | hypertensio | | Norepinephrine | and | | n | | Reuptake | norepinephrine | Duloxet**ine** | | | Inhibitors) | to make more | (Cymbalta) | - May cause | | | available- | | serotonin | | | depression and | Desvenlafax**in | syndrome | | | neuropathic | e** | | | | pain | (Pristiq) | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | **Class** | **Mechanism of | **Medication | **Special | | | Action/ | Names** | Considerations* | | | Indication** | | * | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | Mood | | | | | Stabilizers | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | | Exact mechanism | Lithium | - Narrow | | | of action | | therapeutic | | | unknown, | | window | | | positively | | (0.6 - 1.2 | | | charged ion, | | mEq/L), | | | may affect | | requires | | | electrical | | frequent | | | conductivity in | | lab | | | neurons- | | monitoring | | | bipolar | | | | | disorder | | - Life | | | | | threatening | | | | | toxicity at | | | | | 1.5 mEq/L | | | | | or higher | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | Anticonvulsants | Reduce the | Valproate | - Most | | | firing rate of | (Depakote) | require | | | very | | frequent | | | high-frequency | Valproic Acid | lab | | | neurons in the | (Depakene) | monitoring | | | brain. Membrane | | | | | stabilizing | Carbamazepine | - Risk for | | | effect accounts | (Tegretol) | seizure | | | for reduction | | with abrupt | | | in mood swings | Lamotrigine | discontinua | | | associated with | (Lamictal) | tion | | | bipolar | | | | | disorder- | | - Valproic | | | bipolar | | acid-based | | | disorder, | | meds | | | epilepsy | | require | | | | | monitoring | | | | | of liver | | | | | function | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | Antipsychotics | | | | | | | | | | \*available as | | | | | long-acting | | | | | injectable | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | First-Generatio | Dopamine | Chlorpromazine | - May cause | | n | antagonists | (Thorazine) | extra-pyram | | Antipsychotics | (reduce | | idal | | | dopamine | Fluphenazine | symptoms | | | levels)- | (Prolixin)\* | (EPS) | | | psychosis, | | | | | schizophrenia, | Haloperidol | - May cause | | | acute | (Haldol)\* | sedation | | | aggression/agit | | | | | ation | Perphenazine | - May cause | | | | (Trilafon) | neuroleptic | | | | | malignant | | | | Loxapine | syndrome | | | | (Loxitane) | | | | | | - Target | | | | | positive | | | | | symptoms of | | | | | schizophren | | | | | ia | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | Second-Generati | Post-synaptic | Aripiprazole | - Less risk | | on | blockade of | (Abilify)\* | for EPS, | | Antipsychotics | dopamine | | higher risk | | | receptors- | Clozapine | of | | | schizophrenia | (Clozaril) | metabolic | | | | | side | | | | Ziprasidone | effects | | | | (Geodon) | | | | | | - May cause | | | | Risperidone | neuroleptic | | | | (Risperdal)\* | malignant | | | | | syndrome | | | | Quetiapine | | | | | (Seroquel) | - Target | | | | | positive | | | | Olanzapine | and | | | | (Zyprexa)\* | negative | | | | | symptoms of | | | | Paliperidone | schizophren | | | | (Invega)\* | ia | | | | | | | | | Lurasidone | - Clozapine | | | | (Latuda) | requires | | | | | lab | | | | | monitoring | | | | | for blood | | | | | dyscrasias | | | | | | | | | | - Ziprasidone | | | | | and | | | | | lurasidone | | | | | must be | | | | | taken with | | | | | meals to be | | | | | absorbed PO | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+