Introduction to Medical Technology

Introduction to Medical Technology  PRE-ASSESSMENT Take some time to answer the following questions in 3-5 sentences 1. What is Medical Technology? 2. Differentiate Medical Technologist, Laboratory Technician and Laboratory Aide. 3. What are the different sections ins...

Introduction to Medical Technology  PRE-ASSESSMENT Take some time to answer the following questions in 3-5 sentences 1. What is Medical Technology? 2. Differentiate Medical Technologist, Laboratory Technician and Laboratory Aide. 3. What are the different sections inside a Clinical Laboratory? Give a brief description on each. 2  What is Medical Technology? 3  Medical Technology (MT) Medical Laboratory Science (MLS) An inter-disciplinary science devoted to diagnostic testing of human sample. Samples may be blood, urine, feces, body secretions, serous fluids, spinal fluid, stone, nail, hair, bone or tissue. Testing may be quantitative, semi- quantitative, qualitative or descriptive physical or chemical analysis. 4  The Medical Technology field uses many of the tools and instruments use throughout all science. Simple analytical measurement  rulers  hydrometer  thermometer Complex analytical measurement  microscope  chromatograms  photometers  fluorometers 5 Measure components example:  Blood glucose  serum cholesterols  red and white blood cells  serum iron  urine protein  fecal fats  urine analysis 6 DEFINITION OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 7  Medical Technology according to: Republic Act No. 5527 (1969) Medical Technology is an auxillary branch of laboratory medicine which deals with the examination by various chemical, microscopic, bacteriologic and other medical laboratory procedures or technique which will aid the physician in the diagnosis, study and treatment of disease and in the promotion of health in general. 8  Medical Technology according to: Anna P. Fagelson (1961) Medical Technology is a branch of medicine concerned with the performance of laboratory determinations and analysis used in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease and the maintenance of health. 9  Medical Technology according to: Ruth I. Heinemann (1963) Medical Technology is the application of the principles of natural, physical and biological sciences to the performance of laboratory procedures which aid in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. 10  Medical Technology according to: Jeanne M. Clerc (1992) Medical Technology is a profession concerned with providing information based on the performance of analytical tests on human body substances to detect evidence of or prevent disease or impairment and to promote and monitor good health. 11  Medical Technology according to: Norma J. Walters (1995) Medical Technology is a health profession concerned with performing laboratory analyses in view of obtaining information necessary in the diagnosis and treatment of disease as well as in the maintenance of good health. 12 Synonyms of Medical Technology 13  Synonyms of Medical Technology: Medical Laboratory Technology India is a good example of a country that uses this term. Educational Institutions in India offers Bachelor in Medical Laboratory Technology (BMLT), a 3-year degree, for students who wish to pursue a career in the field of Medical Technology. 14  Synonyms of Medical Technology: Medical Laboratory Science Philippine Educational institutions have started adopting this term to name their course offering for Medical Technology. This started with the release of CHED Memorandum Order No. 14 series of 2005 which revised the Medical Technology curriculum. In Australia, professionals working in the clinical laboratory are referred to as Medical Laboratory Scientist. 15  Synonyms of Medical Technology: Clinical Laboratory Science In the United States, the state of California offers CLS certification for laboratory practitioners. Aside from the American Medical Technologists (AMT), another professional organization for practitioners in the laboratory also exists by the name American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science (ASCLS) 16  Synonyms of Medical Technology: Biomedical Science This term is more commonly used in European countries such as the United Kingdom, Germany, Italy and Belgium. The European Association of the Professionals in Biomedical Science (EPBS) which fosters cooperation among its member societies is an international non-profit organization of European societies of laboratory professionals. 17 Nature of Medical Technology 18  Nature of Medical Technology: a. A procedure of scientific activities b. A paramount field of scientific investigation c. An intervention in the medicinal procedures d. An explicit application of science and technology e. An evidentiary information in medicine 19 Scope of Medical Technology 20  Scope of Medical Technology: a. Investigating nosocomial infections in hospitals b. Venturing into new discoveries through research c. Involving in public health education through seminar- workshops d. Extending services to medical engineering e. Pioneering in laboratory medicine diagnostic services f. Evaluating the efficacy drug treatment through microbiological analysis g. Engaging in blood donation and bloodletting services for the public 21 Characteristics of Medical Technology 22  Characteristics of Medical Technology: a. Sensitive to the demands of time b. Gives high priority to rendering health services c. Active subject of innovative technologies d. Invites individuals to learn the new technologies e. Greater focus on research to come up with new discovery f. Deeply committed in the promotion of wellness and welfare of mankind g. Concerned with students who are interested to acquire profound knowledge and skills of biological and medical sciences h. Idealistic field of laboratory medicine i. Focuses on providing reliable and accurate laboratory findings 23 Laboratory Personnels 24  Laboratory Aide A person who is responsible for cleaning and sanitizing workspaces and equipment in a clinical laboratory setting. 25  Laboratory Technician A person certified and registered with the Board of Medical Technology as qualified to assist a Medical Technologist and/or qualified Pathologist in the practice of of Medical Technology. 26  Medical Technologist A person who engages in the work of Medical Technology under the supervision of the Pathologist or a licensed Physician authorized by the Department of Health and who have passed the prescribed course, training, and Board Examination. 27  Duties of a Medical Technologist He should attend to his patients faithfully and conscientiously He should exercise good faith and strict honesty in expressing his opinion as to diagnosing and treatment of cases he has knowledge of He should guard as a sacred trust anything that is confidential or private in nature. A medical technologist must not charge exorbitant fees. 28  Clinical Laboratory Sections 29  Clinical Laboratory Sections: Clinical Chemistry Clinical Chemistry section is where patients’ blood and other body fluids are checked for various chemical components using state-of-the-art equipment. 30  Clinical Laboratory Sections: Clinical Microscopy Clinical Microscopy section performs routine and special tests on patients’ urine and fecal samples. These samples are chemically analyzed and examined at the microscopic level. 31  Clinical Laboratory Sections: Clinical Hematology The Hematology Section performs routine and special tests on the components of whole blood such as the red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. 32  Clinical Laboratory Sections: Blood Bank/Station Section specifically examines donors’ blood samples for the presence of antibodies. This is to ensure the blood that will be used for patient administration is free of infectious diseases. They also prepare blood components, derivatives, and products for transfusion. Blood Bank Production ensures that the donor is free of infectious diseases. They are in charge of ensuring that there is a supply of various blood products that are readily available for patient administration. Blood Transfusion Service prepares and crossmatches blood for whole blood, packed blood, platelets, and plasma transfusion. 33  Clinical Laboratory Sections: Bacteriology Bacteriology section is where patients’ samples are examined microscopically for agents of infectious diseases. Specimens that can be examined may come from wounds, throats, eye, blood, body fluids, and many other body sites. The agents that are detected may be bacteria (aerobic, anaerobic, acid fast), fungi (molds and yeasts), parasites, or viruses. The Bacteriology section also tests the various antibiotics to determine the best agent for therapy. 34  Clinical Laboratory Sections: Histopathology and Cytology Histopathology section is where surgical specimens are examined at the microscopic level for pathologic diagnosis and interpretation. Cytology section examines smears of body fluids for evidence of inflammation, cancer, and other conditions. 35  Clinical Laboratory Sections: Serology & Immunology Serology section is where patients’ blood samples are examined for the presence of antibodies produced against infectious agents that causes hepatitis, measles, and HIV. Immunology section is where blood samples are analyzed to quantify tumor markers and thyroid hormones. 36  Clinical Laboratory Sections: Drug testing The Drug Testing Laboratory performs screening tests for prohibited drugs, specifically THC and MET. 37  Clinical Laboratory Sections: Newborn Screening Newborn screening section provides an assessment if a baby has conditions that can affect its long-term health or survival. An example of which is a congenital metabolic disorder that may lead to mental retardation or even death if left untreated. 38  Clinical Laboratory Sections: Out patient Receiving & Releasing area This is where out-patients go to have their blood samples taken or submit specimen to be analyzed by the laboratory. This is also where out-patients can claim the results of their laboratory requests. 39