Mechanical Asphyxia PDF

1 , / 201 Mechanical Asphyxia six Aya Mariee n Dr.Sulaiman Nimer  OUTLINES I. Definition and classification II. General postmortem signs 9191 III. Hanging *I IV. Strangulation by ligature -g /....

1 , / 201 Mechanical Asphyxia six Aya Mariee n Dr.Sulaiman Nimer  OUTLINES I. Definition and classification II. General postmortem signs 9191 III. Hanging *I IV. Strangulation by ligature -g /. t V. Manual strangulation 1 , 19 499 VI. Traumatic asphyxia X VII. Drowning 51 , - &(18)s a96 i  · -15. Mechanism so &j > mecanical I Gilissn - The most common joigal %. Manual strangulation 1 -51. Itgig I Ligature strangulation ·. 51.; 8519% (19 - 11 -j81 8 = 3 Traumatic asphyxia Smothering 5 Is-0gid lg 50 si Drowning - 1 +1965 & ·... 5551%11, i di Obstruction in mouth and pharynx Sexual asphyxia\ Traumatic Erotic asphyxia asphyxia  123948 · G asphyxia - 10 - 99 % - II. General Postmortem Signs of Mechanical - Asphyxia jllrasphyxia & & General specific asphyxia Sig Will mecanical asphyxia Is & Gg s wila  46 &is. Edema,&10 X mechanical asphyxia big jigS) 1. Congestion and Edema of the Face · veinssys Mil - - m i S sigloisily619 Caused by the back-up of venous drainage from compression of neck veins or obstructed venous return into the heart. -isye4 ad i s 25 (i lig it i sel vide Raised venous pressure result to edema.  S15(j) 2. Cyanosis of the Skin sir i ind (4. 51 spici , sas s This is most apparent above the site of obstruction; will 26is it The color is due to failure of oxygenation of the venous blood.  Congestion of the face and dark red color skin in hanging dead body. Edemati 1 (9g,j. -10936mi &  ·5 % -j 3. Petechial Haemorrhages Site & is gys M (1) Outer eyelids; "S SS' Is" "So j. - (2) The conjunctivae and sclera; 0614 = j) (3) The skin of face, lips and ears. venous sys is pressure sid S ↑. No · 959 Capillary small venous I Causes , Raised venous pressure from impaired venous return and not to hypoxia of the vessel walls.  (Rash hemorrhage , spot hemorrhage)is Fill ! G C C C Co Typical pinpoint hemorrhage in the skin of the upper eyelid  · Subconjunctiva Haemorrhages in Hunging Death 4. Postmortem Fluidity of mechanical asphyxiatis pligial Blood; adhesion- 9 &rig 980, -Sj( ↑ &s joJe 1 5. Lungs: j jet &1 i was ↳igs Congestive and Edema;  Congestive and edema 6. Heart: ja" gi j ~ & &. %949t 61. * Petechial hemorrhage in the epicardium and myocardium; 5 1 is i w aplig 100 98 & so i s & i (Right , atrium) -- -. / -. * Dilation of the right side chambers. 7. Cerebra: 25/ weig * Congestion; = 1 - 9582619s * Swelling; xxij > - gi -95' gsg i go is s * Petechial hemorrhages in & arachnoid and cerebral pia mater.  Specific Postmortem Signs of Mechanical Asphyxia &stones is -2 86 81 sijgisis" - &guidly jil"glad y 1. Ligature mark in the neck; "519/ 14 :51 ggie 2. Fingernail marks in the neck; & I igg , / 841925. - 2 3. Contusion, abrasion in the neck, chest wall or abdominal wall; i is pisssans -) 4. Hyoid fracture; - Sissingdolisings · Thyroid cartilage fracture; Ribs fracture; Gillis tilag i : 95109999 9.. ↓ G 5. Foreign body in mouth , 5I or in throat , or in respiratory tract , or in pulmonary alveoli; -) - 251  The asphyxia Hanging on most common is -I III. Hanging -- ~ -j5 -y 4,01 -80 " 250 y , 9  Jus 1. What is Hanging ? && Ss ess's.a 5 Sacs capillary luny galveoli. A process in which the body is -n% y- -19 35↑ suspended with a ligature around the neck which causes constriction of the air passage preventing exchange of air between the atmosphere and the alveoli of lungs, leading to asphyxia and death.  -. j. jg w i j 1 + Hanging i s - visi 5 Ssj · Jog Elig jo C 3 position 11j919 classical non classical & 1 - yp0 -341 -8/ 845"24 y+ the most common less common "50 -81 " 3. Causes of Hanging Death 02110  %w i orgs 1 jigs. Hartery - I 4615519. %. 2 /ge " S 25 ↑ internal/external carotid artery - 251d vertebral & -0 "anoxia"Ischemia in Brain -x 50 51 , artery E ↑ Q ①.Song/ 1. 14540 N - ② occipital area Thyroid & Can i cartilage cny14 air way nit" - viis " g 26? 100 % 3 s + j. > - Thyroid cartilage loccipital area 1 - Anoxia Yes jus11g1 gold & 18  Ranging nows-w (1) Asphyxia along with apoplexy = due to simultaneous pressure over larynx and jugular veins; is ①j76190, : El carotid artery , larynx , jugular veins & S12 58119 : g (2) Asphyxia alone; 65j /G- - 519 65 25 (3) Apoplexy alone; (4) Cerebral anaemia or ischaemia due to pressure over carotid and ischaemia -95 vi as & - 65 vertebral I carotid vertebral arteries; & &4.519) , /1998as (5) Vagal shock; -1991 S gligh Spinal cord 11 i (6) Fracture dislocation of the 2nd jiggi 541% 581Fig g) and 3rd cervical vertebrae, which causes injury to the medulla and the upper part of the spinal cord. 4. Forensic Investigation of Hanging % Hanging Death YN -90 j81 & (1) Suicide ja Age: victims may be anywhere between extremes of ages, i.e. between 10 to 80 years. "-is 451" & is 91 ja 1801 + a. & -- 592 9, Sex: both genders equally prone and incidents in hanging.  j Sw The place of occurrence: 15 is sign.jj , Is secluded. & The point of suspension :/ 5 - 4 :% , & jewis Approachable to the suicide. 5 50" complete/uncomplete suspension ·is pilin - Motive: - & " 151 & ~ it % do Should be a motive for committing suicide. (2) Homicide; / (3) Accidental Hanging; st · Good 4. Scene Investigation 85129 - & position jo %50 it usin s homicide -is air ways artreis &i , Vegas nerve IV. Strangulation by Ligature &5196 !61 The exchange of air between the atmosphere and the lungs is prevented by way of constriction of the neck by means of a ligature material, without suspending the body, where the force of constriction is applied from outside and is not the weight of the body or the head of the victim. In strangulation by ligature, the ligature material is tightly tried around the neck.  i Hanging Not mark 11/05/1 i 19 51 9% 919. &: &Sign 5055. - i1 I Hanging SD & -15/ j8 sys - - -119 - S Hanging 2011/08 - & - horizintal J 5. Ligature Ligature mark around neck.  &. V. Manual Strangulation A kind of violent asphyxiation, the neck is compressed with fingers. 55159504414254 , Kiprei 199 & lig The upper part of the neck is mostly affected and the pressure is exerted there, against the mandible. The neck may be compressed from the front, back or from any side and one or both hands may be used. 201 -sign I fingernails) 15915 5 ja. Bruises and abrasions in the neck caused by manual strangulation. VII. Traumatic Asphyxia  i -1995 1. Definition , , sl i d / is 41d1619 9 5.. In traumatic asphyxia, there is forceful compression of the chest which prevents respiratory of the chest which prevents respiratory movements of the chest wall and also causes injury to the chest wall.  &gi 2. Circumstances of traumatic asphyxia (1) Due to house collapse. sigweig (2) When stampeded by a crowd, running in panic and without any sense, as it occurs for example, due to outbreak of fire in a cinema hall or at a public gathering. (3) By being run over by a vehicle. -s ik ,9, (4) Due to collapse of a wall inside a mine. (5) When held between the buffers of two bogies of a train  -it VII. Drowning  ye 5% air ways I fluid JJ A form of violent asphyxiation where the respiratory passage is occupied by fluid i.e., water, due to submersion under water and inhalation of water.  54% 99 4g To be drowned, it is not necessary that the whole body should be under water. Submersion of mouth and nasal openings by any means is sufficient for that purpose. 9-1 J. (washer woman hands I strigge a Changes in the skin of the palm and sole, like that which occurs in a washer-woman ; 9-2 5-055 sil - alveier says 11 , jNg &S. so415999's , ad specific 1 Stage i , wi ge sil :siDiatoms) plankton 584091905 y jig 28 O C O Lung (x40) 9-3 Lung ( x200 ) 9-4 C Diatoms in some remote organs and tissues including brain and bone marrow. This is one of the most dependable signs of death x1000 due to drowning. Diatoms  Summary I. Definition and classification II. General postmortem signs III. Hanging IV. Strangulation by ligature V. Manual strangulation VI. Traumatic asphyxia VII. Drowning