Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health in the Philippines PDF

Maternal, Newborn and Child Health in the Philippines Maria Cristina A. Notario, M.D. Maternal, Newborn and Child Health in the Philippines The Philippines has laws and policies in place designed to strengthen the continuum of care for mothers, newborns, and young children. Current Sit...

Maternal, Newborn and Child Health in the Philippines Maria Cristina A. Notario, M.D. Maternal, Newborn and Child Health in the Philippines The Philippines has laws and policies in place designed to strengthen the continuum of care for mothers, newborns, and young children. Current Situation of MCH in the Philippines FHSIS (Field Health Service Information System) 2022 Infant Mortality Rate - 10.36 Maternal Mortality Rate – 64.68 Adolescent Birth Rate – 24.36 Current Situation of MCH in the Philippines Major Problems/Obstacles of MCH in the Philippines - Literacy - Poverty - Peace and Order Problems Current Situation of MCH in the Philippines Public Healthcare in the Philippines - Despite having achieved universal healthcare, the Philippines still struggles with unequal access to medical care - Standard of public healthcare in the Philippines generally varies from excellent in urban centers to poor in rural areas MCH Program in the Philippines MCH Program takes care of the pregnant mothers and her baby until she gives birth and monitors the growth of the child until 6 (six) years of age. MCH Program in the Philippines Leading Cause of Maternal Mortality & Morbidity in the Philippines Eclampsia led maternal cause of death in 2021 Maternal infections and parasitic diseases classifiable elsewhere but complicating pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium were the 2nd leading cause of maternal death (14.4%) Current Situation of MCH in the Philippines Underserved populations continue to suffer from a high prevalence of TB, including multi-drug resistant TB, HIV epidemic, rising infectious disease outbreaks, including measles, dengue and zoonotic diseases High unmet need for family planning High teenage pregnancy rates National Safe Motherhood Program Philippines The Department of Health launched the National Safe Motherhood Program (NSMP) which envisions Filipino women having full access to health services for safe pregnancy and delivery by providing technical assistance to and collaborating with LGU’s in the provision of maternity and newborn services. Factors that Affect Maternal & Child Health in the Philippines Maternal Nutrition Infections Smoking Social Determinants Socioeconomic Factors Age Education Poverty Armed Conflict Factors that Affect Maternal & Child Health in the Philippines Maternal Nutrition Maternal factors, like education, health & nutrition account for 50% of the gap in child stunting in the Philippines. Undernutrition in women is monitored for deficiencies in iron & vitamin A Factors that Affect Maternal & Child Health in the Philippines Infections  Infections during pregnancy can affect fetal development, leading to premature birth and low birth weight Factors that Affect Maternal & Child Health in the Philippines Smoking  Smoking during pregnancy can lead to pre-term births, low birth weights, fetal and neonatal deaths, respiratory problems, and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) Factors that Affect Maternal & Child Health in the Philippines Social Determinants  Of health include the conditions in which women are born, grow, work and live before pregnancy, during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Factors that Affect Maternal & Child Health in the Philippines Socioeconomic Factors  Factors like income inequality, educational disparities, employment conditions and access to healthcare services shape maternal health outcomes. Factors that Affect Maternal & Child Health in the Philippines Age  Pregnant women less than 18 years old and those more than 35 years old are at higher health risk. Factors that Affect Maternal & Child Health in the Philippines Education  Women who had received only up to elementary education are at higher health risk Factors that Affect Maternal & Child Health in the Philippines Poverty  Women in the 20 percent poorest households are at higher health risk Factors that Affect Maternal & Child Health in the Philippines Armed Conflict  Women in areas with armed conflict at higher health risk Genetics & Genetic Counselling in the Philippines Are primarily available in government tertiary level facilities Plans to improve access to genetic counselling services in the periphery through the continuity clinics attached to the National Screening Program Genetics & Genetic Counselling in the Philippines Genetics Is the study of how genes and how traits are passed down from one generation to the next. Our genes carry information that affects our health, our appearance, & even our personality Genetics & Genetic Counselling in the Philippines Genetic Counselling Refers to guidance relating to genetic disorders that a specialized healthcare professional (genetic counselor) provides to an individual or family Education about the natural history of the condition, inheritance pattern, testing management, prevention, support resources & research Benefits of Genetic Counselling Genetic tests can identify an increased risk of a specific disease, which allows people to take early action Example: familial risk of breast & ovarian cancer can be determined by testing for 3 specific genetic mutations in the BCRA1 or BCRA2 genes Genetic Testing Is a type of medical test that identifies changes in genes, chromosomes, the genome or proteins Also called DNA testing Looks for changes in your DNA that can inform your medical care Types of Genetic Testing Newborn Screening DNA Paternity Testing Amniocentesis Chromosomal Tests Newborn Screening A public health program of screening in infants shortly after birth for conditions that are treatable, but not clinically evident in the newborn period Newborn Screening Tests Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency Phenylketonuria Congenital Hypothyroidism Galactosemia Sickle Cell Disease Maple Syrup Urine Disease Homocystinuria Biotinidase Deficiency Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia DNA Paternity Testing Is the use of DNA profiles to determine whether an individual is the biological parent of another individual DNA Paternity Testing Blood Test Buccal Swab A cotton swab is rubbed on the cheeks inside the mouth to collect a tissue sample Amniocentesis Is a test done during pregnancy to check if the baby has a genetic or chromosomal condition, i.e. Down’s Syndrome, Edward’s Syndrome or Patau’s Syndrome. It involves removing and testing a small sample of cells from amniotic fluid (the fluid that surrounds the baby in the womb). Chromosomal Test This test can show if your child is born with the usual number of chromosomes or if the size or structure of the chromosomes are different. Usually done on a blood sample, amniotic fluid or tissue i.e. skin being tested Maraming Salamat