Textile Industry in India PDF

Fig. 6.1: Value addition in the textile industry Textile Industry: The textile industry dyeing, designing, packaging, tailoring and occupies unique position in the Indian sewing. The industry by creating demands economy, because it contributes significantly...

Fig. 6.1: Value addition in the textile industry Textile Industry: The textile industry dyeing, designing, packaging, tailoring and occupies unique position in the Indian sewing. The industry by creating demands economy, because it contributes significantly supports many other industries, such as, to industrial production, employment chemicals and dyes, packaging materials generation and foreign exchange earnings. It and engineering works. is the only industry in the country, which is While spinning continues to be centralised self-reliant and complete in the value chain in Maharashtra, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu, i.e., from raw material to the highest value weaving is highly decentralised to provide added products. scope for incorporating traditional skills and designs of weaving in cotton, silk, zari, Cotton Textiles: In ancient India, cotton embroidery, etc. India has world class textiles were produced with hand spinning production in spinning, but weaving supplies and handloom weaving techniques. After low quality of fabric as it cannot use much of the 18th century, power -looms came into the high quality yarn produced in the country. use. Our traditional industries suffered a Weaving is done by handloom, powerloom and setback during the colonial period because in mills. they could not compete with the mill-made The handspun khadi provides large scale cloth from England. employment to weavers in their homes as a cottage industry. The first successful textile mill was Why did Mahatma Gandhi lay emphasis on established in Mumbai in 1854. spinning yarn and weaving khadi? The two world wars were fought in Europe, Why is it important for our country to India was a British colony. There was a keep the mill sector loomage lower than demand for cloth in U.K. hence, they gave power loom and handloom? a boost to the development of the cotton textile industry. Jute Textiles India is the largest producer of raw jute and jute goods and stands at second place as an In the early years, the cotton textile exporter after Bangladesh. Most of the mills are industry was concentrated in the cotton located in West Bengal, mainly along the banks growing belt of Maharashtra and Gujarat. of the Hugli river, in a narrow belt. Availability of raw cotton, market, transport including accessible port facilities, labour, moist climate, etc. contributed towards its The first jute mill was set up near Kolkata in localisation. This industry has close links 1855 at Rishra. After Partition in 1947, the with agriculture and provides a living to jute mills remained in India but three-fourth farmers, cotton boll pluckers and workers of the jute producing area went to engaged in ginning, spinning, weaving, Bangladesh (erstwhile East Pakistan). 60 CONTEMPORARY INDIA – II Reprint 2024-25