Malocclusion Veterinary Dentistry PDF

Veterinary Dentistry 2 -- Lecture 5 Normal Occlusion A collage of teeth and teeth AI-generated content may be incorrect. **Malocclusions** - Misalignment of teeth - Can cause cosmetic or cause trauma (ONF, attrition, fracture, tooth death) - The cause can be skeletal deformity or too...

Veterinary Dentistry 2 -- Lecture 5 Normal Occlusion A collage of teeth and teeth AI-generated content may be incorrect. **Malocclusions** - Misalignment of teeth - Can cause cosmetic or cause trauma (ONF, attrition, fracture, tooth death) - The cause can be skeletal deformity or tooth related (tooth in abnormal position causing the issue) - Pet must be comfortable & teeth functional -- our role **Dental Interlock** - Jaw growth is independently regulated, each quadrant grows separately - The proper mandible-maxilla relationship should be maintained throughout adulthood - Examine the canine & incisor teeth on model skull - The close relationship of the canine an incisor teeth enable a "push-pull" system to allow normal jaw growth **Skeletal vs Dental Malocclusion** Skeletal -- inherited, jaw length or width discrepancy - Animal was born this was - Results in crowding & rotation, bowing of mandible suggest shortening of jaw - Extra space between premolars suggests lengthening, uneven occlusions of canine teeth - Generally bilateral Dental -- results from malposition of teeth that push other teeth out of their normal position causing malocclusion - Can result from retained deciduous teeth - Adult maxillary canine erupts rostral to baby tooth - Permanent mandibular canine erupts medial to baby tooth - Permanent incisors erupt palatal to baby ones - Max premolar 3 & 3 erupt palatal to baby tooth - Max premolar 4 erupts Bucco mesial to baby tooth - Mandibular premolar erupts lingual to baby **Terminology: Jaws** Prognathia -- one jaw is in the forward position compared to the other Retrognathia -- one jaw is in the caudal position compared to the other Brachygnathia -- shortened jaw **Tooth Position Abnormality Terminology** Mesio -- Toward Midline =MV Disto -- Away from Midline DV Labio -- towards lips = LABV Bucco -- Towards Cheek = BV Linguo -- Towards Tongue = LV Palato -- Towards Palate = PV **Malocclusions Classification** Class 1 -- normal jaw length, 1 or more teeth out of alignment Class II -- Mandible is shorter than normal Class III -- Mandibular prognathism or maxillary Brachygnathism Class IV -- Formally called "wry" bite -- uneven jaw lengths (same jaw) each side of mandible uneven length **MAL 1** - Overall normal occlusion except 1 or more teeth out of alignment - Charting Code = MAL1/\_\_\_ enter specific type of misalignment **MAL 2** - "overbite" - Mandible is shorter than normal - Problematic due to location of mandibular canines **MAL 3** - "underbite" - Mandibular prognathism -- mandibular incisors occlude labial to maxillary incisors **MAL 4** - "wry bite" - Central incisors of maxilla and mandible do not align - Many subclasses Treatment for malocclusions involve removing the problem teeth ASAP, orthodontic correction and alteration of tooth with endodontic work **Developmental Conditions** Structural defects in enamel: - Hereditary -- amelogenesis imperfecta - Environmental enamel defects -- trauma or disease Affected deciduous teeth: day 42 gestation -- 15 days post partum Affected permanent teeth; 2weeks -- 12 weeks (ex from distemper) Localized = a few teeth, generally due to trauma Generalized = most teeth, from fever or systemic disease Clinical Signs & Treatment - Hypocalcified or hypoplastic - Enamel sloughs off - Soft enamel = must be very careful when cleaning teeth