King County Right of Way (ROW) Safety Training PDF

Page# 1 of 344 Title: Page # RIGHT OF WAY (ROW) SAFETY TRAINING 2 Rulebook Signals 53 Switch Theory...

Page# 1 of 344 Title: Page # RIGHT OF WAY (ROW) SAFETY TRAINING 2 Rulebook Signals 53 Switch Theory 70 HOW TO USE YOUR RADIO MICROPHONE 99 Lesson#1 LRV Exterior, Roof, Undercar, Interior AND Cab 125 Lesson#2 LRV Propulsion, braking systems and power up/down 142 procedure Lesson#3 Coupler, Vehicle Air Supply, Passenger Doors, 152 Communications Systems, Cab Signal AND TWC Equipment Lesson#4 LIGHT RAIL VEHICLE SAFETY 167 Lesson#5 LRV OPERATOR CONTROLS AND INDICATORS 180 Lesson#6 LRV VEHICLE TROUBLESHOOTING 204 LRV Communication Control Panel 222 LRV PRE-DEPARTURE CHECK OUT 244 LRV Coupling And Uncoupling Procedures 245 Rail Signal System 246 The Gap Train 280 TUNNEL EMERGENCIES 282 Vibration & Wheel Flat Detection System 303 Report Operator Expectations & Responsibilities 307 The '29' Route Code 308 Signal System Special Scenarios 310 TRAIN-CUT 315 Distracted Driving (Distracted Rail Operator) 319 Defensive Operation Of The LRV 326 DE-ESCALATION TRAINING 331 KEYS TO WRITING A GOOD REPORT 343 New Aux-Off for LRV Fault 344  Page# 2 of 344 King County T SOUNDTRANSIT RIGHT OF WAY (ROW) SAFETY TRAINING TIER II presented by King County Metro Rail Division Rail Training Department Page 17 of 792 1  Page# 3 of 344 ti King County RIGHT OF WAY (ROW) T SOUNDTRANSIT SAFETY TRAINING OBJECTIVE The primary purpose of ROW Worker Safety Training is to prevent accidents, injuries and fatalities that result from rail vehicles striking wayside workers. Accident prevention can only be achieved when everyone on the ROW maintains constant awareness and vigilance in obeying all rules, policies and procedures. T SOUNDTRANSIT King County RIGHT OF WAY (ROW) SAFETY TRAINING ROW Worker Safety Training is required for all personnel who may need to access the ROW in the course of their duties. Page 18 of 792 2  Page# 4 of 344 y 50UNDTRANSrT King County RIGHT OF WAY (ROW) SAFETY TRAINING TRAINING COURSE 1. ROW course PowerPoint presentation 2. Video "A Knock at Your Door" - FTA 3. Written exam - 30 questions/ 90% (Closed book) RIGHT OF WAY (ROW) y 50UNDTRANSrT King County SAFETY TRAINING SAFETY is the priority -.·'. -.,., THINK SAFETY - "'. ~ FIRST c.. ·- -.. ·- 0 Page 19 of 792 3  Page# 5 of 344 King County OSHA statistics ,,. SOUNDTRANSIT Cbt Of - tn,pecaon : ~ fed.H".JI o, Sutt CfUtionlU"*4 -·'"""' ln'-l' P\ln Ol-1&'10'1.,.,., CA 1117S(i'i...,..,,,,.., 0,oe:-0,, "¥'., 1 11 ,..,......, King County RIGHT OF WAY (ROW) ,,. SOUNDTRANSIT SAFETY TRAINING Definitions: A brief glossary of rail terminology · Link Light Rail System: A description of the alignment and various hazards involved with working on the ROW · Responsibilities & Requirements: What personnel need and need to know before accessing the ROW Working on the ROW: Link Rules, policies and procedures Hi-Rail Equipment: Requirements for using hi-rail vehicles Page 20 of 792 4  Page# 6 of 344 b Trackway )] ? SoUNDTRANSfT King County RIGHT OF WAY (ROW) The ROW limits are established at 10 feet from the nearest rail and/or property dedicated to Light Rail mainline operations. ROW ? SOUNDTRANSIT King County RIGHT OF WAY (ROW) Locations designated for public within ROW: @ Station Platforms @ Public crossings @ Station mezzanines @ Sidewalks These locations always require LCC permission before commencing work (even if work zones are not required) Page 2 1 of 792 5  Page# 7 of 344 King County TRACKWAY The area extending 10 feet from the nearest rail not designated for public use or separated from the rail by a permanent, fixed barrier. y SOUNDTRANSIT King County EMPLOYEE-IN-CHARGE (EiC) The designated KCM employee, with a current ROW Worker Safety card, that is in charge of a work group. The EiC shall be assisted by flaggers when necessary. FLAG A device (including a flag, light or marker) used for relaying information indicating conditions of the ROW. A light or lantern must be used during periods of darkness or reduced visibility. Page 22 of 792 6  Page# 8 of 344 tQ ,r 50UNDTRANSIT King County FLAGGER A KCM employee, with a current ROW Worker Safety card, designated to protect workers and equipment on or near the tracks and to ensure the safe passage of trains. The EiC may be a flagger. FOULING A TRACK The placement of an individual or an item of equipment in such proximity to a track that the individual or equipment could be struck by a moving train or on-track equipment tQ King County ,r SOUNDTRANSIT GRADE CROSSING A crossing used by vehicles, pedestrians or other modes of transportation over the track by road or footpath. HAND SIGNAL A signal indication used to govern train movement by the motion or position of a person's hand and arm. Page 23 of 792 7  Page# 9 of 344 ? SoUNDTRANSfT King County HI-RAIL EQUIPMENT Any vehicle equipped with flanged wheels and rubber tires that allows the equipment to be operated on tracks or a roadway. LINK CONTROL CENTER (LCC) The primary location for controlling, monitoring and dispatching the entire Link Light Rail system. lQ ? 50UNOTRANSTT King County LOCKOUT AND TAGOUT A procedure for safely de-energizing a section of the OCS to protect personnel working on or within 10 feet of the OCS. It requires the use of locks and tags, grounds, straps and flags or signs. MAINLINE Track(s) designated for passenger service extending through stations and terminals upon which trains are operated. Page 24 of 792 8  Page# 10 of 344 T SOUNDTRANSIT King County OVERHEAD CONTACT (CATENARY) SYSTEM (OCS) The overhead wires and equipment that distribute DC electric power from the substations to light rail vehicles. TRACK ACCESS PERMIT Written permission which allows work to be performed on the ROW, or within 10 feet of the OCS and restricts that work to specific areas and time periods. (Sometimes referred to as a Work Permit) T SOUNDTRANSIT King County ROW WORKER Any employee, outside contractor or other agency employee who performs any work within the limits of the right of way. Also referred to as a roadway or wayside worker. Page 25 of 792 9  Page# 11 of 344 LINK LIGHT RAIL SYSTEM ,r SOUNOTRANSIT King County Rails Ties are what are often made the train of wood or rides on. concrete and hold the rails Switches Track components Ballast enabling train rock that holds movement from the track one track to structure in another place. Definitions ,r SOUNDTRANSIT King County You must contact LCC for authorization prior to entering the TRACKWAY You must contact LCC after exiting the TRACKWAY Page 26 of 792 10  Page# 12 of 344 King County 8'\11.ird lntNb.ly ,r 50UNDTRANSrT Smltt1 (OVl' SfiJUleC..ntl'r UnM!rslt, \ouCh l,lU·.,l)nlOll w,uhlngt LM!llrl'/ UnivfflJ: : Pionur Square i: :ernallon.al Dfstrfct/Chln;uown Stadium 1 / \ 2030 Mount Al A'lo,llun SOOO Bncon Baker 1unttlon Ddr11i,.w HIii Columbl 2031 S GnhJ i ;a,netlo SEATTLE Ralnler81 fukwila/ 203] lnt1rnatk>nal Blvd. \ Oort.+-SeaT.x/Airp Angla LaU Sound Transit Link Light Rail is Link Light Rail alignment is operated by King County Metro about 25 miles system Transit. currently. King County LINK LIGHT RAIL SYSTEM ,r 50UNDTRANSrT Page 27 of 792 11  Page# 13 of 344 lQ King County SOUNDTRANSIT LINK LIGHT RAIL SYSTEM ELEVATED SECTIONS Significant portion of Link's alignment is elevated Safety considerations on elevated sections: @Trains travel at higher rates of speed @Fall Hazards @Limited clearance from tracks @Grade incline/decline lQ King County LINK LIGHT RAIL SYSTEM SOUNDTRANSIT AT GRADE SECTIONS Trains runs at grade (ground level) in two distinct areas. @ SODO bus way is separated from vehicle traffic ( dedicated ROW) @ Martin Luther King Jr. Way South in the Rainier Valley, tracks run on an in-street median and cross 21 non­ gated streets and 10 crosswalks Safety considerations in At-Grade sections include: @ Limited or no clearance from tracks @ Interference from vehicles/pedestrians Page 28 of 792 12  Page# 14 of 344 LINK LIGHT RAIL SYSTEM ? SOUNDTIWISIT King County YARD The Link Operation and Maintenance Facility (OMF) yard is designated location for maintenance and storage of trains. Safety considerations in the yard include: LINK LIGHT RAIL SYSTEM ? SOUNDTIWISIT King County TUNNELS @ Beacon Hill Tunnel is twin bore tunnel running under Beacon Hill. @ DSTT is a tunnel running under downtown Seattle, with an extension going all the way a little beyond Roosevelt Station. Page 29 of 792 13  Page# 15 of 344 w King County LINK LIGHT RAIL SYSTEM y SouNoTRA11srr TUNNELS Safety considerations in Tunnels Limited or no clearance from tracks Lack of visibility w King County LINK LIGHT RAIL SYSTEM y SOUNDTRAIISrT DSTT During hours of operation follow the instructions on your permit for access. RBM is the only entrance for authorized vehicles into the DSTT. After hours contractors & personnel must check in and out at the RBM security guard station. @Only emergency, incident response, or rail operations vehicles allowed in DSTT. Page 30 of 792 14  Page# 16 of 344 King County LINK LIGHT RAIL SYSTEM ,,_ SOUNOTRANSrr DSTT HAZARDS @ During hours of operation trains and passengers are in the DSTT. @Be aware of moving traffic and be courteous. @Make sure your work does not interfere with Train Operations. King County LINK LIGHT RAIL SYSTEM ,,_ SouNoTRANsrr HAZARDS Moving Trains @ Overhead Contact System (OCS) @ Track Switches @ Slip, Trip and Fall Hazards @ Lack of visibility @ COMPLACENCY (self-satisfaction especially when accompanied by unawareness of actual dangers or deficiencies) Page 31 of 792 15  Page# 17 of 344 "1 King County ,r SOUNDTRANSIT Stopping distance for light rail train - length of a football field. "1 King County LINK LIGHT RAIL SYSTEM ,r SOUNDTRANSIT HAZARDS Overhead Contact System (OCS) OCS is energized at 1500 Volts DC The OCS must be considered energized (HOT) at all times @ Do not touch poles and other metal equipment (rails, railings, etc.) simultaneously @ All ladders, booms and other equipment must remain 10 feet away from the OCS Page 32 of 792 16  Page# 18 of 344 w King County LINK LIGHT RAIL SYSTEM y SOUNDTRANSTT HAZARDS Track Switches Switches are controlled remotely Switches can move at any time without warning @ Objects caught in switch points will be crushed , Keep all body parts and tools clear of switches &_WARNING Crush Hazard Keep Hands Clear At All Times. w King County LINK LIGHT RAIL SYSTEM y SouNDTRANsrr HAZARDS Slip Trip and Fall Hazards la zmtmhil Never step on the rail - step over it FALL 'l J.'l 1 @ Avoid walking on ties - walk on ballast instead @ Keep all hoses, wires and cables clear of the tracks HAZARD @ Keep the work site tidy and organized Page 33 of 792 17  Page# 19 of 344 LINK LIGHT RAIL SYSTEM y SOUNOTRANsrr King County HAZARDS Work in areas with Lack of Visibility @ Curves @ Tunnels @ During hours of darkness @ Where line of sight is obstructed @ Fog, rain, snow, etc. @ Incline/Decline LINK LIGHT RAIL SYSTEM y SOUNDTRANSfT King County TRACK CONFIGURATION @ EMBEDDED TRACK Tracks are embedded in concrete or asphalt with no visible ties DIRECT FIXATION {DF) Tracks are mounted on concrete base BALLASTED TRACK. Tracks are connected to ties, laid on a. crushed rock base. Page 34 of 792 18  Page# 20 of 344 w King County LINK LIGHT RAIL SYSTEM T SOUNDTRANSIT DSTT EVACUATIONS @ station workers will evacuate from platform exits to the sidewalk, hatches, or through tunnel bores. Follow signs and PA announcements. All workers must remain at egress (exit) points until clearance to return is provided by Emergency response personnel. w King County LINK LIGHT RAIL SYSTEM T SOUNDTRANSIT Kinkisharyo and Siemens Light Rail Vehicles (LRV) @ Each ca r weighs a bout 50 tons ( 100,000 l bs) @ One car is a bout 95 feet long @ A train may be fou r ca rs in length (380 feet) and weigh u p to 680,000 pounds fully loaded @ Trains a re e lectrica lly powered and can be very quiet @ Trains travel at u p to 55 M P H @ Trains travel o n ra ils - they ca nnot swerve o r steer a round you @ Trai ns h ave much greater braking d istances than motor veh icles Page 35 of 792 19  Page# 21 of 344 King County ,,_ 50UNDTRANSIT ROW REQUIREMENTS Prior to accessing the ROW, all wayside workers MUST have: A valid ROW Worker Safety Training Card Link Control Center (LCC) Approval The Track Access Permit at the work site An Employee-in-Charge at the Work Zone The Proper Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) A Job Briefing Prior to Beginning Work King County ,,_ SOUNDTRANSIT RESPONSIBILITIES Page 36 o f 792 20  Page# 22 of 344 ,r SOUNDTRANSIT KING COUNTY RESPONSIBILITIES King County It is the responsibility of the King County Metro Rail Section to ensure that: Every worker on the Link ROW receives ROW Worker Safety training (this class). Every worker has a right to challenge, in good faith, whether ROW safety procedures have been applied and are in compliance with KCM rules. Every worker has a right to remain clear of the ROW until such a challenge has been resolved. ,r LCC RESPONSIBILITIES King County SOUNDTRANSIT The Controller(s) on duty in LCC have sole authority over the movement of all rail equipment on the system. Additionally, LCC is responsible for granting access to: Traction Power Sub-Stations (TPSSs) Signal Houses or Bungalows Mainline / Auxiliary Tracks Overhead Contact System Page 37 of 792 21  Page# 23 of 344 · SOUNDTRANSIT King County ROW WORKER RESPONSIBILITIES All ROW workers have the following responsibilities: Follow ROW Worker Safety procedures Wear approved work apparel and PPE Attend job briefing prior to start of work Do not perform any work that will interfere with the safe movement of trains u n less protection is provided. SOUNDTRANSIT King County ROW WORKER RESPONSIBILITIES Before fouling a track, determine that ROW Worker Safety is being provided Do not enter the ROW without LCC authorization Refuse all u nsafe instructions Notify the supervisor/EiC if and when violations occur Page 38 of 792 22  Page# 24 of 344 ti King County EiC RESPONSIBILITIES SOUNDTRANSIT The EiC is responsible to ensure: Workers receive proper job briefings Workers are advised of ROW Worker Safety procedures Work zones are established/set-up correctly Work permits are activated/deactivated Protection is provided for all personnel within work zones ti KingCounT NOTRANSIT RAI N OP ERATOR RESP ON SI BI LI TI ES When within work zones or when passing any other wayside activity, Train Operators are responsible for: Operating at a safe on-sight speed Reducing Speed to the appropriate limit upon observation of warning devices or personnel Obeying all hand signals Sounding appropriate audible warnings Page 39 of 792 23  Page# 25 of 344 T SOUNDTRANSIT TRAIN OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITIES King County Remaining observant for unusual conditions Obeying all rules, procedures, train orders and special operating instructions Notifying LCC of any unsafe worker condition T CONTRACTOR RESPONSIBILITIES King County SOUNDTRANSIT Any contractor, vendor, consultant or outside agency employee who performs any activity upon the ROW is responsible for: Ensuring all personnel are knowledgeable of their responsibility for safety Adhering to all Federal, State and Local laws, statutes and regulations and Sound Transit / KCM safety requirements Page 40 of 792 24  Page# 26 of 344 tQ y CONTRACTOR RESPONSIBILITIES King County SOUNDTRANSIT Maintaining and providing to KCM Rail Track Access a list of all personnel who are working on the ROW. Presenting valid documentation and identification to Sound Transit / KCM personnel upon request tQ y King County EMPLOYEE IN CHARGE (EiC) SOUNDTRANSIT Conducts job safety briefings which cover the work area and work zone safety. Ensures that all crew members are wearing PPE. Ascertains the work area and work zone is set up correctly. Page 41 of 792 25  Page# 27 of 344 U1 y EMPLOYEE IN CHARGE (EiC) King County SOUNDTRANSIT Maintains communication with LCC. Directs train movements & controls access to the job site. Has the authority to stop work or remove persons from the job site. U1 King County EMPLOYEE IN CHARGE (EiC) y SOUNDTRANSIT The EiC must be equipped with a radio in order to maintain communication with LCC at all times. The preferred method of communication with LCC is by radio. Alternate modes include emergency telephones(E-TE LS) or by landline/cell phone 206-205-8 1 77 Page 42 of 792 26  Page# 28 of 344 SOUNDTRANSIT King County EMPLOYEE IN CHARGE (EiC) I n the event of an emergency, the signal word used is: PRIORITY When the word PRIORITY is heard , a l l non­ emergency radio traffic must cease and not resume until authorized to do so by LCC King County SOUNDTRANSIT EMPLOYEE IN CHARGE (EiC) - RADIO USE E ICs and/or any other personnel communicating by radio must: Use assigned channel(s) Keep transmissions short and to the point D irect all communications to LCC Wait and listen to ensure air is clear before initiating a transmission Page 43 of 792 27  Page# 29 of 344 T SOUNDTRANSIT King County EMPLOYEE IN CHARGE (EiC) - RADIO USE Begin transmission(s) by stating your radio call number Repeat transmission if acknowledgment is not received Not transmit anything except official business Avoid the use of codes (Ex: 1 0 codes: 1 0-4, 1 0- 1 0 , etc.) Preferred word for understood is ACKNOWLEDGED T EMPLOYEE IN CHARGE (EiC) King County SOUNDTRANStT The EiC must be able to see a significant distance down the track in order to: Communicate with approaching trains Warn the crew when trains approach Clear the crew from the trackway at least 1 5 seconds before the arrival of the train The EiC also advises when it is safe to return to work. Page 44 of 792 28  Page# 30 of 344 King County EMPLOYEE IN CHARGE (EiC) ,,. SOUNDTRANSIT The E i C & assisting Flaggers may use a hand-held air horn or loud whistle to give an audible signal to stop working & move to a safe location. They may also use other agreed upon devices or tap a worker on the shoulder in noisy environments. The E i C may also assign someone to tap personnel on the shoulder while they watch for/communicate with the approaching train. All signals used to stop/resume work will be discussed and agreed upon during the job briefing King County ,,. SOUNDTRANSIT PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQU IPMENT Personnel shall wear required PPE at all times when occupying the trackway. Required PPE includes: High Visibility Safety Vest (ANSI approved class 2) Sturdy footwear (no open toes or heels) Hardhat (if in a construction area) Long pants Shirts with sleeves Flashlight/Lantern (when working in darkened areas or during hours of darkness). Page 45 of 792 29  Page# 31 of 344 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT King County SOUNDTRANsrr Additionally, EiC and flaggers must have: Air Horn Flags Radio PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT SDUNDTRANSrT King Count Other suggested items include: Safety Glasses Hearing Protection (if suitable) Whistle Sunscreen (when applicable) Foul weather gear (when applicable) The proper Personal Protective Equipment must be worn at all times when personnel are within the right of way. Page 46 of 792 30  Page# 32 of 344 JOB BRIEFINGS Before ROW workers enter the trackway, the EiC must.. -. ensure a job briefing is held. ff.. ".., c::a::.. ' '\ I Do not begin working until you have met with the EiC and they have conducted a job briefing. JOB BRIEFINGS Clarify work assignments and equipment to be used. Clarify signals to clear tracks & when to resume work. Designate the area(s) of safety where employees are to position themselves when it becomes necessary to clear the right of way. Provide any additional instructions due to a n u nusual situation. Page 47 of 792 31  Page# 33 of 344 JOB BRIEFINGS Additional briefings should be held as the work progresses or the situation changes. If you do not understand or are concerned about safety, stop work, step out of the trackway, and get clarification from the E iC. li1 King County ,r SOUNOTRANSrT Page 48 of 792 32  Page# 34 of 344 King County SOUNDTRANSIT PROHIBITED CLOTHING/ITEMS IN THE ROW Prohibited clothing/items on the ROW: Red Clothing Ties / Scarves Sleeveless shirts Shorts Personal Audio Equipment PROHIBITED BEHAVIORS IN THE ROW King County SOUNDTRANSIT ZERO Tolerance for: Drugs & Alcohol Firearms Fighting and Horseplay Cell Phone Use Prescription or over the counter drugs that may effect alertness Page 49 of 792 33  Page# 35 of 344 ? TRAIN AWARENESS King County SOUNDTRANSIT ALWAYS expect a train Trains run: On any track At any time In either direction.---"' STOP, LOOK and LISTEN before entering the ROW NEVER cross d i rectly behind a train (because there might be another one coming from the other direction on the next track) ? SOUNDTRANSIT King County WHEN WALKING IN THE ROW @ Do not walk between the rails unless necessary to carry out work @ Walk against normal direction of traffic and stay clear of tracks whenever possible @ Use walkways when available and practical @ Observe and comply with all instructions Page 50 of 792 34  Page# 36 of 344 ,r SOUNOTRANSIT King County WHEN TRAINS APPROACH @ Stop all work and clear the tracks at least 1 5 seconds before the train arrives @ Face the direction from which the train is approaching @ Stay clear of the tracks until notified that it is safe to return to work ,r 50UNOTRANSIT King County AREA OF SAFETY @ When instructed to clear the trackway for an approaching train, enter the area of safety identified in the job briefing. @ In some instances the area of safety will not be 10 feet from the nearest rail. I n these cases, areas of safety will be clearly delineated. The areas of safety will be covered in the job briefing. Page 51 o f 792 35  Page# 37 of 344 T SOUNOTRANSJT King County SAFE ROW BEHAVIORS @Operate tools safely and only as they are intended to be used. @Equipment with the potential of entering or blocking the trackway must be in the down or off position. @Do not leave tools near the tracks. @secure all materials and tools when unattended. @Always keep vehicles clear of the tracks. T SOUNDTRANSIT King County SAFE ROW BEHAVIORS @ Should it be necessary to block the tracks, have the EiC notify LCC for authorization. @ Do not interfere with the operation of crossing warning devices. @ Do not attempt to raise defective or "stuck down" crossing gates. @ Do not direct traffic over grade crossings. Page 52 of 792 36  Page# 38 of 344 T SOUNDTRAIISIT King County SAFE ROW BEHAVIORS Never use metallic measuring tapes or allow metal objects to contact the rails. A measuring tape placed across the rails will show the presence of a train, in that location, to LCC. T SOUNDTRAIISIT King County EMERGENCY SITUATIONS In the event of an accident, injury or any other emergency situation: Notify the EIC/LCC immediately Ensure your personal safety Render aid if qualified and able to do so Refer media inquiries to the Sound Transit Public Information Officer (PIO) Page 53 o f 792 37  Page# 39 of 344 w King County T 50UNDTRAIISfT WORKING ON THE ROW Link Light Rail has three classifications for work conducted on the ROW. They are as follows: 1. Work Zones - Formal, typically static work areas established to protect workers performing work of longer durations. 2. Simple Approval - Authorization to access the ROW for short duration light-duty work. 3. Walking Inspections - Mobile inspections conducted by a minimum of two workers. w King County T 50UNDTRAIISfT WORK ZONES Work zones must be established prior to workers entering the ROW. Work zones are established by KCM WPS personnel and staffed by an EiC and assisting flaggers when necessary. Work Zones are defined by colored signs/flags placed on OCS poles (or in cones adjacent to the tracks). Page 54 of 792 38  Page# 40 of 344 ,r WORK ZONES King County SOUNDTRANsrr Once a train operator has received and acknowledged authorization to enter a work zone from the EiC, the operator wil l proceed at "Work Zone Speed", defined as: "On-sight speed not to exceed 10 MPH" The operator will sound continuous bells and remain observant for unusual conditions which may pose a hazard to the ROW workers or the train and its passengers. King County ,r SOUNOTRANsrr WORK ZON E DIAGRAM I I I I I I I I I I I I I 111 1 111111111111111111111 Bi-directionally - default set-up for all work zones. Page 55 of 792 39  Page# 41 of 344 y WORK ZON E SOUNDTRANSIT King County I sign/aspect I WO RK ZO N E AHEAD I.._- ------' indication :-- '---r location I 7 800 feet (if necessary, Work zone 800 feet minimum of 1 000 feet) ahead; reduce speed ahead of the yel low sign y WORK ZON E SOUNDTRANSIT King County I sign/aspect I YELLOW I'---- ----';r----'---: indication location I 7 Entering work zone, 300 feet (if necessary, be at work zone minimum of 500 feet) speed when the lead ahead of the work cab reaches the sign area Page 56 of 792 40  Page# 42 of 344 ? WORK ZON E King County SouNoT,wmr I sign/aspect I location J ? WORK ZON E KingCounty SOUNDTRANSIT I sign/aspect I GREEN indication I-----'---- location 7 Work zone ended; 400 feet resume normal track speed when lead cab (minimum) past reaches the sign the work area Page 5 7 of 792 41  Page# 43 of 344 y SIMPLE APPROVAL King County SOUNOTRANSIT I ntended for short duration , light duty work such as inspections or debris removal. Only KCM Rail employees and select ST employees may access the trackway under simple approval alone. All others must have an approved escort. Simple Approval is granted in increments of 30 minutes, and may be extended. SIMPLE APPROVAL King County No AC/corded pneumatic or hydraulic (w/hose) tools are permitted to be used by personnel granted simple approval. Any tools used while under simple approval that prevent personnel from hearing communications from other personnel, LCC or rail vehicles require a 1 : 1 ratio of spotter to tool user. Each tool user must have a dedicated spotter. When contractor workers are involved, work performed under Simple Approval requires a Track Access Permit. Page 58 of 792 42  Page# 44 of 344 ,r WALKING INSPECTIONS King County 50UNOTRANSIT Walking Inspections are defined as: "A regularly scheduled inspection conducted by KCM, Way Power and Signals (WPS) personnel to inspect the alignment for defects, damage, and normal wear of all systems that comprise the operating infrastructure." Walking inspections are typically only conducted by KCM Rail personnel. ,r HAND SIGNALS King County SOUNDTRANSIT The preferred method to communicate with trains wh ile on the ROW is by giving hand signals. Each hand signal given has an audible signal acknowledgment the Train Operators will sound in response. E I Cs and/or assisting flaggers will communicate with trains using hand signals while protecting workers at Work Zones, while working under Simple Approval and/or during Walking Inspections. All hand Signals must be given until acknowledged by the Train Operator. Page 59 of 792 43  Page# 45 of 344 ,r SOUNOTIWISrT King County HAN D SIGNALS DO NOT assume that the Train Operator sees or u nderstands your hand signal until you have received the proper audible acknowledgment. Hand signals given in darkened areas or during hours of darkness must be given with lantern or flashlight. Hand signals should be given while facing the train, in a clear and deliberate fashion. ,r SOUNOTIWISrT King County HAN D SIGNALS The Trai n Operator may req uest h a nd sign a l by sounding four horn blasts. Fou r horns mean "What do you want me to do?" Page 60 of 792 44  Page# 46 of 344 y HAN D SIGNALS King County SOUNDTRANSIT ◄ STOP ONE HORN Face the Train, swing arm horizontally at a right angle to the track y HAN D SIGNALS SOUNDTRANSIT King County PROCEED TWO HORNS Face the Train, raise and lower arm vertically Page 61 of 792 45  Page# 47 of 344 T SOUND TRANSIT King County HAN D SIGNALS Reduce Speed TWO HORNS Face the Train, extend arm at right angle and make slight vertical movements with a closed hand. T SOUNDTRANSIT King County HAN D SIGNALS Prior to backing up, train operator will sound three HORN blasts When you hear this signal, move clear of the train and be prepared for the train to back up Page 62 of 792 46  Page# 48 of 344 w y HAN D SIGNALS King County SOUNDTRANSIT VIDEO http://bit.ly/handsignalST w y HI-RAIL EQUIPMENT King County SOUNDTRANSIT Any vehicle equipped with flanged wheels and rubber tires that allows the equipment to be operated on tracks or a roadway. \\. · '\.., Page 63 of 792 47  Page# 49 of 344 T SOUNDTIWISrT King County HI-RAIL EQUIPMENT Hi-Rail vehicles are considered to be trains when operating in the Yard or on the Mainline. Personnel operating Hi-Rail equipment on the Mainline or in the OMF Yard must be qualified before operating any Hi-Rail vehicle or equipment and comply with all applicable operating rules. Hi-Rail vehicles operated by outside contractors must have a KCM Hi-Rail qualified pilot onboard. T SOUNOTIWISrT King County HI-RAIL EQUIPMENT The KCM Hi-Rail Pilot will maintain communication with LCC and direct the Hi-Rail Operator's movements. Movement of Hi-Rail equipment on the mainline is governed by LCC. Hi-Rail movement will be conducted during non-revenue service hours except in emergency situations. Page 64 of 792 48  Page# 50 of 344 tQ y HI-RAIL EQUIPMENT King County SOUNDTRANSIT Movement of Hi-Rail equipment through work zone(s) will be coordinated by LCC and the EiC of the work zone. Maximum speed for Hi-Rail equipment in a work zone is "On-sight speed not to exceed 1 0 MPH" Hi-Rail equipment must sound vehicle horn when entering and traveling through any platform and crossing. tQ y Track Access Permits King County SOUNDTRANSIT A Track Access Permit is required to work in every location on the ROW. Contact KCM Rail Track Access to determine if a permit is required: [email protected] Permits are requested through the Track Allocation Coordination Process. Page 65 of 792 49  Page# 51 of 344 y TRACK ACCESS PERMITS King County SOUNDTRANSIT Requests must be submitted no later than 8:00 AM on Monday, two weeks PRIOR to work. The Track Allocation Control group meets every Wednesday at 1 :00 PM (Virtual meeting via Zoom) Work requests must include: Date, Time, and Location of the work. Vehicle & Equipment requirements. Nature of work including Hot Work (i.e. Soldering, Welding). For more information please visit: https ://www. kcmetrorai Id ivision. com/track-access y TRACK ACCESS PERMITS King County SOUNDTRANSIT Once a permit is granted, it must be activated (opened) prior to start of work by the EiC to the LCC and must be in the possession of the work party at the work site. When the work has been completed, the EiC at the work site must verify that the permit has been closed with LCC. Page 66 of 792 50  Page# 52 of 344 y GENERAL CONDITIONS King County SOUNDTRANSIT The Contractor(s) is responsible for employees and su bcontractors working on the track. If LIN K staff observe disorderly, improper, or unsafe work practices such person(s) shall be Removed from the Project Immediately on the request of LINK. y SOUNDTRANSIT King County LOOK - LISTEN - LIVE REMEMBER - SAFETY IS YOUR PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITY IT BEGINS WITH YOU ANY QUESTIONS? Thank you for attending Page 67 of 792 51  Page# 53 of 344 R u l ebook Signa ls Rulebook Signals Lesson Objectives: Identify and Demonstrate knowledge of all signal indications, aspect and meaning: Signals Hand Lights/Flags Audible Acknowledgements Wayside Signals Aspect & Indication Ru lebook. Section 4 Signals. Pages 39-50 Page 69 of 792  Page# 54 of 344 H a nd Signal Indication: Stop Aspect: Swu ng at right angle to the track H a nd Signal Indication : Red uce Speed Aspect: Slight vertica l movement at a rm's length at right a ngle to the track Page 70 of 792  Page# 55 of 344 H a nd Signa l Indication: Proceed Aspect: Raised and lowered vertica l ly H a nd Signa l Indication : Back U p Aspect: Swung slowly in a circle at right angle to the track Page 71 of 792  Page# 56 of 344 Light a n d Flag Signals Color: Red I n dication: Stop Light a n d Flag Signals □r a P Color: Yellow I n d ication: Proceed At Reduced Speed Page 72 of 792  Page# 57 of 344 Light a n d Flag Signals □r a p Color: G reen I n d icat i o n : Proceed Light a n d Flag Signals Color: Blue Indication: D o Not Move Cars 10 Page 73 of 792  Page# 58 of 344 Light and Flag Signals Color: White Indication: Work Zone Ahead WORK ZONE AHEAD □fgp 11 Audi ble Signals Audible Sounds: 1 Horn Indication: Acknowledge of a stop hand signal 17 Page 74 of 792  Page# 59 of 344 Aud i ble Signals Audible Sounds: 2 Horns Indication : Acknowledgement of a proceed or reduce speed hand signal. 13 Aud i ble Signals Audible Sounds: 2 Bel ls I ndication : Before making a forward movement. 14 Page 75 of 792  Page# 60 of 344 Aud i ble Signals Audible Sou nds: 3 Horns I ndication: Before making a back-up movement, or to acknowledge a back-u p hand signal. 15 Aud i ble Signals Audible Sounds: 4 Horns Indication : Ca ll for hand signal. 16 Page 76 of 792  Page# 61 of 344 Aud i ble Signals Audible Sounds: Multiple Bells I ndication : To be sou nded at station platforms 17 Aud i ble Signals Audible Sounds: Multiple Horns I ndication : To be used at station platforms if the bell signals, R4.21.6 is not sufficient. --- 18 Page 77 of 792  Page# 62 of 344 Aud ible Signa ls Audible Sounds: Continuous Bells I ndication: To be used when proceed ing th rough a ny grade crossing (except M LK), in the yard, work zones, passing workers on the right of way, passing sta nding trains, and as a warning to people or veh icles on or near the track. l'l Aud i ble Signals Audible Sounds: Continuous Horn lndication :To be used when proceeding through a ny grade crossing (except M LK), in the yard, work zones, passing workers on the right of way, passing sta nding tra ins, and as a warning to people or vehicles on or near the track. to be used if the bell signals in r4. 13.9 are not sufficient. 20 Page 78 of 792  Page# 63 of 344 Aud i ble Signa ls Audible Sounds: 5 Bells I ndication : To be used to indicate the train will be the next train departing the Term inal Station. To be used one minute prior to departu re. 21 Aud i ble Signa ls M LK Audible sounds Indication: When operating o n Marti n Luther King J r. way south, Operators shall depress and hold the bell button u nti l three bells a re sounded, prior to entering a grade crossing. After which, if no hazard is present, cease ringing the bel l. 22 Page 79 of 792  Page# 64 of 344 Hand signals video: https://youtu. be/HTRmWEs7nMc Bar Signals The LRV wayside signals used are of the LED bar signal type. They are utilized to give train operators a physical indication of proceed status. Signals may be of the two or three aspect type. The picture to the right is of a three aspect signal. Three aspect signals indicate that you are approaching an interlocking. Be knowledgeable of all signal aspects and their indications. Be alert, observe and obey signal aspects and their indications. At all times you remain fully responsible for the safe operation of your train. Z1 Page 80 of 792  Page# 65 of 344 Bar Signa ls Indication: Stop Aspect: Amber Bar-Horizontal 25 Bar Signals Indication: Proceed Aspect : Lunar Bar-Vertical 16 Page 81 of 792  Page# 66 of 344 Ba r Signals I ndication: Proceed Right On Diverging Route Aspect: Lunar Bar-Slanted Right 27 Ba r Signals Indication: Proceed Left On Diverging Route Aspect: Lunar Bar-Slanted Left 28 Page 82 of 792  Page# 67 of 344 Bar Signals I ndication: Stop Aspect: Amber Bar-Horizontal 29 Bar Signals Indication: Stop Prepare to Proceed Aspect: Flashing Amber Bar-Horizontal 30 Page 83 of 792  Page# 68 of 344 Bar Signals Indication : Proceed Aspect: Lunar Bar-Vertical ll Ba r Signals Indication : Proceed Prepare to Stop Aspect: Flashing Lunar Bar-Vertical. I I Page 84 of 792  Page# 69 of 344 Ba r Signa ls Ind ication: Stop and Call LCC Aspect: Dark 33 Signals Observe a l l sign a l s a n d repo rt a ny of t h e fo l l owi ng con d itions to LCC: Dark Signal Flickering Signal Dim Signal Malfunctioning Signal (example: display of improper indication) Damaged Lens Leaning or broken pole Missing signal If you encounter an amber or dark signal, do not proceed past the signal. If LCC gives permission to proceed past an amber signal the operator must closely observe all switch points extreme caution at On Sight Speed. Signals that are damaged, missing, displaying a dark aspect or malfunctioning must be considered a STOP indication 34 Page 85 of 792  Page# 70 of 344 Switch Theory Switch Theory LESSON OBJ ECTIVES I d entify and dem onstrate knowledge of how a switch works and its components Switch Theory What is a Switch Straight Moves Diverging moves Facing or Trailing a Switch Safe and Unsafe Move Reading Switch Positions Wheel to Rail Interface Page 87 of 792  Page# 71 of 344 Switch Theory What is a Switch ? A set of track components where tracks converge allowing straight through or diverging movement of a rail vehicle. Below are the components and how they work together to move the tram from one track to another A) Stod; Aa,I (Also Called Runn1n9 Ra,l) B) Sw,1ch Points C) Tongue 0) Heel Block El Guttrd Ra,1 F) Frog G) Switch Wachlnc HI T,ugct (Note. only manual vard swi tches h;wc l Switch Theory Rea ding a Switch : I n this next exa mple, you On the first switch, you are are tra i l i n g both the first to the right and the gap is on the right. This is a safe and second switches. The straight move. Lets go to first switch is a straight the next page for the second switch. move with a gap on the right an d the second is a d iverging move with a gap on the left. lf, Page 94 of 792  Page# 78 of 344 Switch Theory On the second switch, you are to the left and the gap is on the left. This is a safe diverging move. 17 Reading a Switch: How to determine whether a switch is in the No rmal or Reverse position depends on what switch point is in contact with the Stock Rail. The letter closest to the switch poi nt contacting the stock ra i l identifies the cu rrent setting. "R" "N" is for is for REVERSE NORMAL What is the switch set for? 18 Page 95 of 792  Page# 79 of 344 Switch Theory Wheel to Rail Contact : The wheels a n d ra i l are profi led to match each other with a surface contact of a bout the size of a dime. The wheel fla nge is there to guide the wheel on the ra il and through a switch. FlELO SIDE OF RAIL OACE SIDE OF RAIL WHEfl. VERTICAL FORCE "'Y.. POINT OF CONTACT ON FLANGE TIE PUTE 19 Switch Theory Wheel Over Switch Poi nts : The picture below is of a wheel goi ng over and through the switch points. 20 Page 96 of 792  Page# 80 of 344 Switch Theory Wheel Over Frog Contact : The pictures below i s of a wheel goi ng over and through a frog. We will watch a video on this later. 21 Switch Theory Other: There are many other systems that work i n conj u nction with switch o peration a n d safe moves. These will be discussed in great deta i l later on i n t h e class. Nolan Cart: Now it's t i m e for a field activity. We will go out i n t h e ya rd a n d physically walk a Nolan Ca rt through a switch using a l l t h e sk i l l s you've j ust learned. }2 Page 97 of 792  Page# 81 of 344 CE NTRAL LINK LIGHT RAI L SWITCH MANUAL OPERATION GUIDE LIGHT RAI L OPERATOR TRAI N I N G Switch G uide I ntroduction This Switch Guide lists the 5 types o f switches utilized o n the Link Light Rail Alignment. The type of switch used at each switch location is also listed. This guide is a resource detailing the operating methods for the various track switch types. In preparing this guide, our goal was to provide the following: A quick and easy to use reference guide that enables the user to immediately locate manual operating instructions for each track switch type. A written and visual narrative for the operation of each type of track switch in the Link Light Rail System. Easy to understand instructions. Page 99 of 792  Page# 82 of 344 Manual Yard Switches Manual yard switches are located at the north and south ends of the yard at the entrances to the Maintenance facility. They are non powered switches and are not locked. Page 100 of 792  Page# 83 of 344 Caution Before attempting to manually align ANY switch, be certain that no trains are approaching and no condition exists that might cause the switch to throw automatically. - Trailing through misaligned switches is NEVER permitted, as the switch can be extensively damaged and train derailment can occur. Remember, VM permission is REQUIRED to unlock and throw any manual yard switch. Manual Yard Switch Operation Manual yard switches are equipped with Switch Point Indicators (also known as targets) to designate the current switch position. Green indicates a normal move. Yellow indicates a reverse move. Manual yard switches are secured in either position by a foot operated hasp. Page 101 of 792  Page# 84 of 344 Manual Yard Switch Operation (cont. ) 1) Request permission from V M to manually throw the switch. 2) Depress the foot pedal to release the hasp. 3) Pull the handle up and clear of the hasp. M a n u a l Yard Switch Operation (cont. ) 4) Push the handle over and secure in the hasp on the other side. 5) Once the switch points are aligned for the desired move, visually inspect the switch points. Be sure the correct switch point is TIGHT AGAINST THE STOCK RAIL. 6) Move the train through the switch. 7) Advise VM that you have completed your manual switch move. Page 102 of 792  Page# 85 of 344 U n ion Switch & Signal YM 2000 Yard Power Switch Operation Yard Power Switch The YM2000 yard switch is designed to be thrown automatically by means of Train Wayside Communication (TWC). This switch may also be thrown manually. Page 103 of 792  Page# 86 of 344 Caution Before attempti n g to manually align ANY switch, be certain that no trains are approaching and no condition exists that might cause the switch to throw automatically. - Always expect a power switch to throw at ANY time when it is in power mode. - Trailing through misaligned switches is NEVER permitted, as the switch can be extensively damaged and train derailment can occur. Remember, Vehicle Maintenance Chief permission i s REQUIRED to unlock and throw any yard power switch. Yard Power Switch (cont. ) To operate a yard power switch manually: 1) Request permission from VM Chief to manually throw the switch. 2) Unlock the padlock with the operator switch key. Page 104 of 792  Page# 87 of 344 Yard Power Switch (co n t. ) 3) Unfold the hasp and loosen the latch by turning counterclockwise, 4) Open the switch housing cover door. The crank handle is secured inside of the cover. Yard Power Switch (cont. ) 5) Move the power lever to the right (the out of power position) with your hand, 6) Use the slot on the crank handle to turn the brake switch from "applied" to "released", 7) Insert the crank handle over the shaft in the switch motor housing, Page 105 of 792  Page# 88 of 344 Yard Power Switch (cont. ) 8) Turn the handle to clockwise or counterclockwise as needed to move the switch points for the desired move Yard Power Switch (cont. ) 9) Once the switch points are aligned for the desired move, visually inspect the switch points. Be sure the correct switch point is TIGHT AGAINST THE STOCK RAIL. 10) Move the train through the switch. Note: Leave the crank handle switch in the switch housing until the train has moved through the switch. If you remove the crank handle before moving the train through the switch, the switch will be returned to power and may move unexpectedly. Page 106 of 792  Page# 89 of 344 Yard Power Switch (cont. ) To return the switch to power: Remove the crank handle from the switch housing. Use the slot of the crank handle to turn the brake switch from "released" to "applied". Allow the power lever to return to the left (the in power position). Return the crank handle to its cradle in the switch housing cover door and close the cover. Tighten the hasp nut until the cover is secured. Lock the switch. Advise VM Chief that the switch has been restored to power and locked. The M 23 A Power switch is designed to be thrown automatically as a result of train presence within an interlocking request circuit or by a Train Wayside Communication (TWC). This switch may also be thrown manually. Page 107 of 792  Page# 90 of 344 Caution Before attempting to manually align ANY switch, be certain that no trains are approaching and no condition exists that might cause the switch to throw automatically. - Always expect a power switch to throw at ANY time when it is in power mode. - Trailing through misaligned switches is NEVER permitted, as the switch can be extensively damaged and train derailment can occur. Remember, LCC permission is REQUIRED to unlock and throw any switch on the mainline or auxiliary track. Manual Operation of the M 23A Switch 1. Request permission from LCC to manually throw the switch. 2. Unlock the padlock with the operator switch key. Page 108 of 792  Page# 91 of 344 Mainline M 23A Switch (cont.) 3. Depress the foot pedal to unlock the Motor handle, and throw to the other side until it locks in the hasp. It will now say Hand. 4. Power has now been removed from the switch. Mainline M 23A Switch (cont.) 5. Again, press down on the foot pedal to release the hasp securing the large handle. 6. Throw the large handle to the other side and secure it with the hasp 7. Once the switch points are aligned for the desired move, visually inspect the switch points. Be sure the correct switch point is...._ TIGHT AGAINST THE STOCK RAIL. i.;'I;' 8. Secure the large handle and the small Motor/Hand handle by utilizing the switch lock, unless otherwise instructed by LCC. 9. Move the train through the switch. Page 109 of 792  Page# 92 of 344 Main line M 23A Switch (cont.) To return the switch to power: Unlock the padlock with the operator switch key. Depress the foot pedal to release the hasp securing the large switch handle Throw the large switch handle back to its original position and secure it with the hasp Depress the foot pedal to release the hasp securing the Motor/Hand lever. Move the small lever all the way over, securing it with the hasp. It will now read MOTOR. The switch has now been returned to power. Visually inspect the switch to ensure it is ali!;Jned for the desired route, and that the appropriate switch point is tight against the rail. Secure the switch handle and the small Motor/Hand handle utilizing the switch lock. Ensure that both handles are in the same hasp, unless otherwise instructed by LCC Advise LCC that the switch has been restored to power and locked. U n ion Switch and Signal Switch Operation M 3 Switch Page 110 o f 792  Page# 93 of 344 Mainline M 3 Switch Due to physical clearance issues, the Union Switch & Signal M3 switch machine has been utilized at: Stadium Interlocking, UW Interlocking The interlocking outside of Angle Lake Station. M a i n l i n e M 3 Switch (cont. ) 1. Request permission from LCC to manually throw the switch. 2. Unlock wayside box containing hand crank (located near switch). Page 1 1 1 of 792  Page# 94 of 344 Mainline M 3 Switch (cont. ) 3. Push down on spring loaded shaft cover, pull the latch from the hasp. 4. Open the cover. The switch is now out of power. Mainl ine M 3 Switch (cont. ) 4. Insert the handle over the shaft 5. Turn the handle until the switch points are aligned for the desired move. The handle will only turn one direction. 6. Once the switch points are aligned for the desired move, visually inspect the switch points. Be sure the correct switch point is TIGHT AGAINST THE STOCK RAIL. 7. Move the train through the switch Page 1 1 2 of 792  Page# 95 of 344 M a i n l ine M 3 Switch (cont. ) To return the switch to power position: Close the cap by covering the shaft and pushing down until the latch can be repositioned over the hasp. Lock the switch. The switch is NOT IN POWER. Return the crank handle to its housing and lock. Notify LCC what position the switch has been left in. ConTech Transportation Systems Mainline CSV 24 Em bedded Switches Page 1 1 3 o f 792  Page# 96 of 344 Mainline CSV 24 E m bedded Switches Link Light Rail has ConTech CSV-24 switch machines in embedded track areas and Pine St Interlocking. These locations include: Walden Interlocking Othello Interlocking Pine Street Interlocking M a i n l i n e CSV 24 Embedded Switches (cont. ) 1) Contact LCC for permission to manually throw the switch. 2) Ensure that the train is within t he appropriate track circuit (which will likely mean bypassing an amber signal with LCC approval) for the switch that is being thrown. This will ensure that LCC cannot throw the switch to another position prior to the train moving through the switch. 3) Insert switch bar (located near the switch and in Field Supervisor vehicles) into the embedded switch slot at the front of the switch machine. Switch Bar Page 1 1 4 of 792  Page# 97 of 344 Mainline CSV 24 Embedded Switches (cont. ) 3) Using a pulling or pushing motion, move the switch bar to the opposite position. 4) Once the switch points are aligned for the desired move, visually inspect the switch points. Be sure the correct switch point is TIGHT AGAINST THE STOCK RAIL. 5) Remove the switch bar. 6) Move train through switch. 7) Re-insert the switch bar and return the switch points to original position. 8) Remove the switch bar, return it to its storage location, and lock it in position. 9) Notify LCC of the switch position. Pine Street Switch , Exposed S l ot The Pine Street Interlocking has an embedded switch mechanism that is not embedded in concrete. This is the only location on the alignment where you will find this scenario. Manual operation of this switch entails the same procedure shown in the previous slides (as if the machine was embedded in concrete). Page 115 of 792  Page# 98 of 344 ANY QU ESTIONS? LET'S GO PRACTICE! Page 1 1 6 of 792  Page# 99 of 344 Effective Commu nication Techniques Radio Commun ications Page 1 1 7 of 792 1  Page# 100 of 344 4 G o l d e n R u l es of R a d i o Com m u n i cation 1. Clarity: Your voice should be clear. Speak a little slower than norm a l. Speak in a norma l tone, do not shout. 2. Simplicity: Keep your message simple enough for intended listeners to understa nd. 3. Brevity: Be precise and to the point. 4. Security: Do not transmit confidential information on a radio unless you know the proper security technology is in place. Remember, frequencies a re sha red, you do not have exclusive use of the frequency. RAD I O ETIQU ETTE Timely - a lways a c kn owledge ca l l s a n d i n structi o n s as soon as poss i b l e. N ot h i n g is m o re disru ptive to t h e s m ooth flow of co m m u n i cations t h a n dead s i l e n ce i n res ponse to a m essage. If yo u ca n n ot res pond to t h e ca l l i m m e d i ately, t h e n te l l t h e ca l l e r to "sta nd by." Page 1 1 8 of 792 2  Page# 101 of 344 RAD I O ETI QU ETTE Easy to u n d e rsta n d - spea k s l owly, d isti n ctly, clea rly, a n d d o not l et you r voice tra i l off at the end of words or se nte n ces. G ive each a nd eve ry wo rd e q u a l fo rce. RAD I O ETI QU ETTE Do not i nterru pt if yo u h e a r oth e r u n its ta l ki ng. Do not resp o n d if the ca l l is n ot for yo u. Wait u nt i l you h e a r you r tra i n #/ca l l sign to res p o n d. N ever tra nsmit i rreleva nt, sen sitive, confi d e nt i a l o r fa lse information. Page 1 1 9 of 792 3  Page# 102 of 344 RAD I O ETIQU ETTE Cla rification - If you a re unsure of i nformation that has been co nveyed to yo u ask for cla rificatio n. Be certa i n you u n d e rsta nd the instructions before fol l owing them. RAD I O ETI QU ETTE Know w h at you a re goi ng to say before you s ay it. Don't t h i n k on the a i r. S p e a k in a co n sistent m a n n e r u s i n g t h e s a m e p h raseology a n d fo r m. S p e a k ca l m ly at a l l t i m e s i n a n even ton e. Page 120 of 792 4  Page# 103 of 344 Clea r, Efficient Com m u n i cations The fo l l owi n g p roced u re words a re a cce pta b l e for ge n e ra l use: Repeat essentia l part of the of the m essage. Affirmative mea n s Yes, or that is correct. Clea r, Efficient Com m u n ications Negative : No, o r that i s n ot correct The use of correct operating p roced u res, w h i l st it may a p pe a r i rkso me a nd ove r-efficient t o some, does save considera b l e t i m e i f every operator is awa re of w h a t t o expect. S h o u l d a n operator have an u rgent m essage to clea r, he/s h e sho u l d bre a k in on t h e cha n n e l a n d say s o - b u t t h i s action s h o u l d a lways be used with d iscretion, clea rly bearing in m i nd the degree of u rgency of the m essage Page 1 2 1 of 792 5  Page# 104 of 344 Clea r, Efficient Com m u n i cations -> Alpha I N -> November - B -> Bravo C -> Charlie 0 -> Oscar I P -> Papa - D -> Delta E -> Echo Q -> Quebec I R -> Romeo F -> Fox-trot S -> Sierra G -> Golf I T -> Tango H -> Hotel U -> Uniform.,___ I -> India I V -> Victor J -> Juliet W -> Whiskey K -> Kilo I X -> X-ray L -> Lima Y -> Yankee M -> Mike Z -> Zulu - - - - - -- --.__ -···- - -------------------- -- ·-·--- - -- - -rypes of LRV onboard radios Page 122 of 792 6  Page# 105 of 344 Radio Communications Whenever a radio transmission is sent there should always be a response. The result of miscommunication in this industry may/can have fatal results. ------------ ----- --- When on duty and on the Mainline