PSY 100 Introductory Psychology: Biological Psychology PDF

PSY 100 Introductory Psychology Biological Psychology Prepared by Dr. Lufanna LAI (Remarks: Please read Chapter 4 ) 0  The Biological Psychologists/ Physiological Psychologists (⽣ 物⼼理...

PSY 100 Introductory Psychology Biological Psychology Prepared by Dr. Lufanna LAI (Remarks: Please read Chapter 4 ) 0  The Biological Psychologists/ Physiological Psychologists (⽣ 物⼼理學家) study the biological basis for human behavior. Biological Psychology ⽣物⼼理學 0  Human Brain Our brain plays an important role in controlling our thought, feeling and behavior. 正在載入⋯ 0  Human Brain Cerebrum (⼤腦) Outer layer (⼤腦最表⾯的⼀層): Cerebral Cortex (⼤腦⽪質). Divided into 2 symmetrical hemispheres (相對稱半球體) i.e., the left (左半 球體) and right hemisphere (右半球體). Each hemisphere has several large lobes (葉) separated by fissures (裂縫). 0  Human Brain (S포봇 ) [ 홈쿄 표눗 ) ↑ (*R 풋 ) Front 正在載入⋯ Back (×R표) 0  Human Brain The cerebrum is divided into four lobes: the parietal lobe ( 頂 葉 ), frontal lobe ( 額 葉 ), occipital lobe (枕葉), temporal lobe (顳葉). For human, the cortex is more wrinkled ( 皺 紋 ) and convoluted (捲曲), indicating human brain is more highly developed than in any other animals. The cerebrum is divided into left hemisphere and right hemisphere. The two hemispheres are basically symmetrical (相對稱). The division of four lobes applies to both hemispheres. 0 UI로규소TR풋스 Human Brain Motor Area (Motor Cortex) 運動區(運動⽪質) Controls the voluntary behavior (⾃主活動) of the body. Tnvoluntary behavior , , [* '☆* ) The body is represented on the motor area in an upside-down or opposite manner (上下左右調轉). A ☆미법 , ☆계업뿔 f미키 , 포보명검불 0 Human Brain 0 Somato = body Human Brain Somatosensory Blody Scense Area (Somatosensory Area Cortex) Δ [초허순TR 體覺區(體覺⽪質) For the production of sensory experience (⾝體感官所產⽣ 的 感 覺 ) such as heat, cold, touch, pain and the sense of body movement (⾝體移動的感覺). The sense on one side of body is controlled by the the side opposite somatosensory area on the opposite side. 5 t 초, *⇒ 업뿔 카, 소복영럼및 0  Human Brain Visual Area (Visual Cortex)視覺區(視覺⽪質) R 풋 redina뉴북범물 Δ lisual ☆ 므로 ☆ 조 ×*u avee 금브급 임조 +* □s lisual avee 0  Human Brain Visual Area Optic nerve ( 視 覺 神 經 ) is responsible for transmitting visual information ( 傳 遞 視 覺 訊 息 ) 正在載入⋯ from the retina (視網膜) to the brain. Optic nerves from the right eye go to the right cerebral hemisphere, whereas others cross over at a junction called the optic chiasma (視覺交义位) and go to the left hemisphere (same arrangement for left eye).  Human Brain O 표정토늄 뿅 Auditory Area (Auditory Cortex)聽覺區(聽覺⽪質) Responsible for processing the sound we perceive (聲 ⾳接收). 0 「  격 Human Brain Language Area (Language Cortex) 語⾔區(語 ⾔⽪質) byFound Frenff Panl Brca physician Broca’s Area: D 조구랴 K Located in the frontal lobe of left hemisphere. Responsible for production of fluent and smooth speech (說話流暢). " 호품습본 랗 1 X문! ( 형ㆍ굽다 P ⑥ t 뽑고 ☆ If damaged, the person experiences Broca’s aphasia ( 失 語 症 ): cannot control the actual production ( () of ⑫ 2 slutlering words; speech is halt ( 有 時 停 頓 ), and words are willmiss intpre1 po 3rm (쇼 Y ☆) eg. u , al , for , [o often mispronounced (讀⾳錯誤). antical [ * : □ ) ey a , am , the 0.  Human Brain SsFrurdy Carl Wernicke Wernicke’s Area: Located in the temporal lobe of left hemisphere. 업표염* D 포] 사코ㆍ IT* Responsible for understanding the meaning * F 송업물못 쿠 못:소목 * 모 * *1HZ농동* *쁨 1 of words (了解⽂字意義). airsconditioner ey.* 추refrigera" 흡tX Wernicke’s aphasia (失語症). 0  Human Brain Connection of the two hemispheres: 부보포+ 미숨임 Corpus Callosum: a broad band of connecting nerve fibers (神經纖維). Example: the patients of epilepsy ( 癲 癇 症 ) are suffered 오목임법 롯T 숍뽕 숍급고 Corpuscallosum벽본 from seizures (痙攣). … * > 교늄 ↓용 * 몹* ×*최총× 금금품 Patients who received split-brain surgery (分割左右腦⼿ 術 ) by surgically disconnected corpus callosum decrease in seizures. 0 」  Human Brain 쵸 Functions of Left Hemisphere: Language ability ( 語 ⾔ 能 ⼒ ), complicated logical and analytical activities ( 邏 輯 推 理 及 分 析 ), and complicated mathematical computation (複雜的數學問題). eg kXht☆ , **tt추급급 IIB 대Y. X 급 The right hemisphere is not as specialized ( 精 於 ) as left hemisphere in performing these functions. 섬 최 0  Human Brain 전 Functions of Right Hemisphere: Spatial and pattern perception (空間及圖案的接受). Identification of face and facial expression (分辨樣貌及表 情). 0  Human Brain A study using electroencephalogram 腦電波圖(EEG)(a measure of brain wave activity) supports the differential specialized functions of left and right hemisphere. Verbal task (語⾔⼯作): left hemisphere more active (較活躍). Spatial task (空間接收⼯作): right hemisphere more active. 0 46 : 20 Sumomoany.