Lesson 3 - The Construction Process PDF

PROJECT PLANNING: The construction process is initiated when a person or organization, which may be public or private, decides to improve the land with permanent or semipermanent additions. This includes residential areas, apartments, commercial lots, renovations, etc. SPECIFICATIONS: It is frequen...

PROJECT PLANNING: The construction process is initiated when a person or organization, which may be public or private, decides to improve the land with permanent or semipermanent additions. This includes residential areas, apartments, commercial lots, renovations, etc. SPECIFICATIONS: It is frequently defined as a set of recorded requirements that must be met by a material, design, product, or service. The designer also integrates all building code, zoning, wetland, and other regulatory regulations into the specifications and working drawings. WORKING DRAWINGS: These documents made by an engineer or architect which demonstrate the complexity of the planned project. LUMP SUM: The lump sum estimate and subsequent bid requires the contractor to estimate all of the material quantities, installation, labor, and equipment costs to complete the project. The lump sum system is usually associated with building construction projects. UNIT PRICE: The owner supplies all of the quantities to the contractor in the bid documents. Unit price contracts therefore make provisions for quantity changes, because the contractor will have based the bid price on the owner’s estimate of material quantities. PROJECT SAFETY: It refers to the practices, measures, and protocols implemented during the planning, execution, and completion of a project to ensure the well-being of all individuals involved, as well as the protection of assets and the environment. SCHEDULING: Proper project scheduling allows the contractor to deploy resources such as personnel, money, equipment, and materials more effectively. The schedule may also assist the contractor with cash-flow analysis, taking into consideration the time value of money for the materials. MATERIALS: Common materials used in construction such as wood, asphalt, stone, sand and manufactured materials such as concrete hollow blocks, rebar, plywood, etc should be specified. SUPPLIERS/VENDORS: Those who supply materials, partially or fully built products are called suppliers or vendors; included are manufacturers, quarries, sawmills, and others. CONSTRUCTION STAGE: During the construction stage, the owner will have a proxy, usually the designer or an agent. They administer contracts impartially by approving or rejecting materials, dictating the flow, adjustments in workmanship, determining the amount of payment due, etc. Inspectors are often present at the construction site to facilitate the work in progress and perform field tests as part of their inspection.