Lesson 3 Important Notes PDF
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Uploaded by CheerfulHeliodor9589
Western University
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This document provides important notes on the concept of culture and how it shapes society. Key topics include different types of culture, culture as a constraint, and the components that comprise a social culture. The notes also discuss cultural diversity and the interplay of technology with culture.
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What Makes up Society? Social Structure Culture What is Culture? Shared symbols, beliefs, values, traditions, and practices of a society Consists of thoughts (expectations) and things (art, clothes) Different Types of Culture Mass Culture or Popular Culture - Accepted culture...
What Makes up Society? Social Structure Culture What is Culture? Shared symbols, beliefs, values, traditions, and practices of a society Consists of thoughts (expectations) and things (art, clothes) Different Types of Culture Mass Culture or Popular Culture - Accepted culture of majority (all classes) High Culture - Culture of upper classes and elites Subculture - Culture within a culture, e.g. orthodox christian inside of core values of christianity Dominant Culture - Allows rich or high class to control others (control other cultures) Subordinate Culture - Cultures that contest the dominant culture Ways to Divide Culture Nonmaterial Culture - Ideas, symbols, norms, tangible things Material Culture - Physical, tangible things, tools Symbols Anything that carries a particular meaning that is recognized by people who share a culture Language A system of symbols that allows us to communicate, develop, and transmit culture Sapir-Whorf Thesis: Experience Thought Language Norms Standards of behaviors or generally accpeted ways of doing things 4 Types of Norms: 1) Folkways: Norms that specify social preferences but don't lead to punishment. e.g. bad table manners. 2) Mores: Core norms that establish right and wrong, moral norms. e.g. lying or cheating 3) Taboos: Actions that are not accpeted by a society. Strongest norms, when violated cause massive uproar. e.g.Incest, killing sacred animals, eating food restricted by religion. 4) Laws: A set of rules ore regulations enforeced by the state. e.g. murder, robbery Sanctions Penalties and rewards for conduct concerning social norms Informal: Lower reward or penalty Formal: Higher reward or penalty Values Collective conceptions of what is good, desirable, and proper - or bad, undesirable, and improper in a culture. Beliefs De nitions & explanations about what is assumed to be true. e.g. religion or science fi Cultural Diversity Subculture: Groups with their own set of norms and values that differ from mainstream society Counterculture: Those who strongly oppose wider society and seek to change the values of society Multiculturalism: Many exist in one country Ethnocentrism: One's culture is the norm, evaluating other cultures in terms of our own Cultural Relativism: The belief that all cultures have equal value Culture as a Constraint Consumerism: The tendency to de ne ourselves in terms of the goods we purchases Virtual Culture: Changes to our ways of living stemming from adoption of technology and communication networks Cultural Capital: Includes the beliefs, norms, etc, that people draw on in their life. Your non-economic resources. e.g. knowledge, skills fi
