Lesson 3 Family, Education and Martyrdom of Rizal PDF

LESSON 3: FAMILY, EDUCATION AND MARTYRDOM OF RIZAL > Cabeza de barangay - head of a barangay o political unit in the PH during Spanish rule. "The Making of a Hero"...

LESSON 3: FAMILY, EDUCATION AND MARTYRDOM OF RIZAL > Cabeza de barangay - head of a barangay o political unit in the PH during Spanish rule. "The Making of a Hero"  second surname ni Rizal  June 19 1861 (birthday)  lumitaw ang apelyidong Rizal noong 1849  Calamba, Laguna (kinalakihan)  Ricial - green of young growth, the green of renewal  "His mother almost died during delivery because of his big head!" — matalino Alonso y Realonda  José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda - full name of  came from the mother side Jose Rizal  Brigida de Quintos -> Brigida de Realonda > the mother of Doña Teodora changed her surname during the Jose time of Claveria Decree  ang household na meron si Rizal ay purely/solid(sagrado/sarado  Lorenzo Alberto Alonso - simula sa ninuno pa) catholic > the father of Doña Teodora  may kinalaman sa santo na si Saint Joseph = Jose (adoptive father of Jesus Christ) [Name] [Surname] y(and) [Middle Name] > this is how they names during the Spanish period. Pepe - The Nickname of Rizal Ex. José Protasio(Name) Rizal Mercado (Surname) y Alonso  from San Jose P.P (Pe~Pe) Realonda (Middle Name) > Padre Putativo/Pater Putativos - the recognised father of Jesus Christ Rizal's Parents and his family  7/11 dahil pang 7 sa 11 na magkakapatid si Rizal Protacio  Don Francisco Mercado (1818-1898)  Saint Protasius - gusto mong malaman sino ang nagnakaw ng > father of Jose Rizal gamit mo nagdadasal sila dito. pinanganak sa Biñan, Laguna > may kaya ang pamilya kapag sya ay nakapag aral Mercado > Colegio de San Jose (Manila)  The real surname of the Rizal family which was adopted in 1731 > From Biñan he moved to Calamba to become a tenant farmer by Rizal's great-great-grandfather of the Dominican Owned Hacienda. > kanuno nuno ni Rizal ay Sangley - lalaking singkit (chinese) > tenant farmer ay nangungupahan ng lupa na kanilang kabuhayan ng pamilya ni Rizal ay sa Mercado o pagtitinda. ipapaupa rin sa iba. > He owned a personal library, carriage, and coild afford to send Rizal his children to schools in Manila.  Catálogo aleabético de apellidos (1849) > Narciso Claveria - Claveria Decree ORIGIN STORY OF FATHER SIDE > naglalaman ng mga gagamiting apelyido ng mga Pilipino noon.  Don Francisco's earliest ancestors were: Upang mapabilis ang paniningil ng buwis. > Siang-co & Zun-nio -> Lam-co  Lam-co is from fujian chinese migrated to the Philippines in the > ang kanilang bahay ay malapit sa Plaza Complex which late 1690's. means the closer one's house was to the plaza, the more > In 1697, he was baptized in Binondo, adopting "Domingo" as influential the person was to the community. his first name.  Nakatira malapit sa Plaza > He married Ines de la Rosa of a known entrepreneurial family 1. Peninsulares — Spaniards from mainland or peninsular Spain na in Binondo sa PH na nanirahan. > from Manila lumipat sila ng Biñan, Laguna 2. Insulares — spaniards born of Spanish parents in the Philippine > In 1731, they had a son whom they named Francisco colony. Mercado which is the Grandfather of Don Francisco the father of > sa madaling salita, both parents ay spanish pero sa Pilipinas Rizal. ipinanganak.  Francisco Mercado became one of the richest in Biñan 3. Principalia — privileged indios or natives mostly from the family because he is the Capitan del Pueblo of Biñan (1783) of the datus who were first conqured. Which were the family of Rizal > Owned the largest herd of carabaos in Biñan belongs. > He had son named Juan Mercado who was also elected as 4. Indios — were the native-born inhabitants of the Philippines. Capitan del pueblo in 1808, 1813, and 1823 (Reyno, 2012). 5. Outsiders — those who refused to be part of the colonial Society  Juan Mercado - the father of Don Francisco which is the and those who left colonial society to live freely in the mountains grandfather of Rizal. away from the colonial government. > he married Cirila Alejandra, a native of Biñan. 6. Sangleys — chinese who migrated from mainland china and > one of their many children is Francisco Engracio Mercado, settled in the Philippines. the Father of Jose Rizal. > na may nickname na "Lolo Kikoy" The nature of work of family of Rizal called Inquilinos which means  Doña Teodora Alonso - the mother of Rizal businessmen who were into farming. > nickname nya ay "Lola Lolay" > she was educated at the College of Sta. Rosa in Manila. 1865 > Rizal describe her as "a woman of more than ordinary  death of Concha/Concepcion, Rizal's 3-year culture" and "a mathematician and has read many books."  old sister died, the first time he felt tremendous grief. (Blumentritt, November 8, 1888).  may aso si Rizal na ang pangalan ay Usman. > Dr. Jose Rizal's first teacher  may karwahe sila na ang pangalan ng kabayo ay Alipato. > Don Francisco and Doña Teodora got married noong 1848.  when they are discussing the story or life of Rizal they are > mula Biñan, Laguna lumipat sila sa Calamba, Laguna na kung relating it to "Story of the moth and the flame" o ang istorya ng saan nag leased/rent sila ng lupa mula sa mga Dominican Hacienda gamu gamo. at kanilang ipaparenta/pinapataniman rin nila sa iba. > nakapagpatayo ng Bahay na bato na sumisimbolo na Jose Rizal's primary education mayroong kaya sa buhay.  when Jose Rizal turned 8, his father sent him to Biñan to study at the > Belongs to the Principalia class dahil napag-aral lahat ng anak local escuela. sa eskwelahan sa Manila at mayroong ibang ari-arian.  Justiniano Aquino Cruz - first teacher of Jose Rizal's when he start to go to school that teach him Latin and Spanish.  - Undersize for his age 1872 > maliit si Rizal sa kanyang edad (11yrs old) ngunit siya ay  Jose Rizal's family faced a problem that would forever change capable naman. him  Rizal  nangyari ang Pag-aaklas sa Cavite (Jan 20, 1872) - lahat sa pamilya nila ay hindi ginagamit ang Rizal na apelyido at > nadamay ang tatlong paring martyr ang GOMBURZA kung siya lamang ang gumamit nito. saan pinatay sila at dahil dito naapektuhan ang pag-iisip at - he used this surname in order to keep him safe from any problems damdamin ni Rizal towards spaniards. At siya ay nagalit sa mga in using the surname Mercado and being linked to Fr. Jose Burgos. espanyol. > dahil estudyante ni Fr. Burgos si Paciano na kasama sa grupo ng  Rizal's uncle, Jose Alberto na kapatid ng nanay ni Rizal. mga estudyante na nagrally laban sa mga kastila. At noong namatay > umuwi sa kanilang bahay galing sa ibang bansa at nasurpresa si Fr. Burgos, tinutugis ang mga closely siya nang makitang may kasamang ibang lalaki ang kanyang asawa related sa kanya. na si Teodora Formoso.  He was graded "excellent" in his 1st year. > sa kanyang pagbalik sa ibang bansa, pinabantayan nya ang  One of Jose's favorite subject was history. So, he asked his kanyang asawa kay Doña Teodora at sa anak nitong si Saturnina father to buy him a set of history books the Historia Universal. > sa kanilang pagbabantay, inabutan nila ito ng meryenda na  Jose also practiced painting, drawing, and sculpting. chocolate at kanya itong pinakain sa kanyang alagang aso. - young rizal carving the sacred heart statue. > at kanyang inakusahan si Doña Teodora at Saturnina na  In Ateneo Municipal, he learned French and Greek. pinagtangkaan siyang lasuhin dahil namatay ang aso.  Excellent ang grade ni Rizal all throughout his studies in Ateneo. > makukulong si Doña Teodora dahil ang kabit ni Teodora  In Ateneo, he's also writing the "Mi Primera Inspiracion" or My Formoso ay isang mataas na opisyal na may kinalaman sa First Inspiration. pagpapakulong ng tao.  At the age of 16 years old, Rizal received his degree Bachiller > paglalakarin simula Sta. Cruz papuntang Calamba dahil ito en Artes, with highest honors. raw ay parte ng kanyang parusa.  Rizal was sent by Don Francisco at to the University of Santo > dalawa at kalahating taon nakulong ang nanay ni Rizal. Tomas. Ateneo Municipal (1872-1877) University of Santo Tomas (1877-1882)  A Diligent Student  Initially, Doña Teodora opposed the idea for fear of what had  sumama sa enrollment ay ang kanyang kuya na si Paciano happened to GOMBURZA. Despite this, Rizal still enrolled in Mercado UST.  2 reasons the registrar refused to admit Dr. Jose Rizal  He could not decide whether to take literature, law or medicine. - Late Registration  He took up Philosophy and Letters - 1st year > kung kaya't ginamit na ni Paciano ang kanyang influence niya sa mga kakilala nya at kilala niya ang administrator ng Ateneo na si Fr. Magin Fernando at siya'y naki-usap na makapasok ang kanyang kapatid. NOTE: The Passionate Ilustrado UST  2.75 grade “Secret Mission”  makikita sa el fili na pinapapower trip sya ng mga paring - Observe keenly the life, culture, languages and customs, industries dominikano dahil nalamang meron syang relasyon kay paciano and commerce, and governments and laws of the European nations mercado in order to prepare himself in the mighty task of liberating his ADMU oppressed people.  1.00 > for the first time, rizal did not seek for his parents permission and blessing to go abroad, because he knew that they, especially his Ateneo Municipal mother, would disapprove it.  (Perito Agrimensor – expert surveyor) > only his brother Paciano Mercado, Antonio Rivera (his uncle) - gusto maging katuwang ng mga inhenyero father of Leonor Rivera, his sister Saturnina (neneng) and Lucia, the - nagccheck kung okay ba ang lupa para sa mga establisyemento Valenzuela family Capitan Juan and Capitana Sanday and their  Officer of the Marian Congregation (RELIGIOUS SOCIETY) daughter Orang, Pedro A. Paterno, his compadre Mateo Evangelista - A religious society wherein Rizal was an active member and later the Ateneo Jesuit Fathers and some intimate friends, including became the secretary Chengoy (Jose M. Cecilio) knows his departure. The kind of Jesuit Priest gives him letters of recommendation to the members of their  Officer of the Society of Natural Sciences Society in Barcelona.  President of the Society of Spanish Literature > this was evidenced in his farewell letter which was delivered to his parents shortly after his departure for spain. the rizallian secret “Shift to Medicine” mission was likewise disclosed by Paciano in his letter to his younger  In his second year in UST, he decided to shift to medicine brother dated Manila, May 20,1982. because he wanted to cure his mother’s deteriorating eyesight > rizal's departure for spain was kept to avoid detection by the (katarata-eye disease). spain authorities and the friars. RIZAL 1st trip in Europe – mabait pa siya  he is not only a good students but he is also a good poet because  “Jose Mercado” while he was at Ateneo he wrote a lot of literary pieces. > He used the name of his cousin (from Biñan) to avoid detection - “Por la Educacion, Recibe Lustre la Patria” Through Education, by the Spanish authorities the Motherland Receives Light. - “A la Juventud Filipina” To the Filipino Youth  Rizal left the Philippines to go to Spain on May 3, 1882. > An award-winning poem of Dr. Rizal.  Jose left Manila on board the Spanish steamship “Salvadora” that was headed to Singapore. After finishing the 4th year of his medicine course, Rizal decided to  Dr. Jose Rizal was the only Filipino on board. study in Spain, where the professors were more liberal than those of  On May 9, the Salvadora docked at Singapore the University of Santo Tomas.  He saw the famous Botanical Garden, the beautiful Buddhist templates, the busy shopping district, and the statue of Sir Thomas Stanford Raffles, who was the founder of Singapore.  After days of staying in Singapore, Rizal boarded the ship Medicine and Philosophy and Letters Djemnah, which was a French steamer and left Singapore for  Rizal`s two course in the Universidad Central de Madrid. Europe on May 11. > Sobresaliente (highest honor)  On May 17, Rizal's ship, the Djemnah, arrived at Point Galle in  He frequently visited museums and read books. southern Ceylon, which he found unimpressive. The next day, he  Jose relied on money sent to him by his brother Paciano. reached Colombo, the capital, and was captivated by its scenic  Spent most of his money for education beauty and elegant architecture. The voyage then continued > Skipped a lot of meals and not taking a bath because it’s across the Indian Ocean toward Africa. Upon sighting the barren expensive. (may bayad ang pagligo sa Madrid) Cape coast, Rizal described it as an "inhospitable land but  Ophthalmologist (eye doctor) – tawag sa profession ni Rizal famous."  Nag aaral ng Painting  and Yemen before proceeding to the Suez CanaL in Egypt.  English, French, German  Rizal discovered that Aden is hotter than Manila, but was  Fencing Class amazed by the existence of Camels. > sumasabay sa mga tropa nyang propagandista  The ship went through the Suez Canal in Egypt, the engineering marvel of those days. NOTE: ang ginawa ni Rizal sa Europe ay 50-aral/50-secret mission  With this waterway, there was no need to go around the tip of (observing europe) Africa. The Suez Canal cut travel time by sea between Europe and Asia.  Paciano Rizal 1892 join the katipunan  The Djemnah took five days to traverse the Suez Canal. Rizal  Laong Laan (pen name) ginagamit para di madetect ng mga was thrilled because it was his first trip through this canal which kastila was build by Ferdinand de Lasseps (French Diplomat – Engineer). June 24, 1884  On June 12, 1882, the ship docked in Marseilles, France.  On the evening of June 24, 1884, after a whole day of not  Rizal went to Marseilles in order to ride the train going to eating (at walang ligo ng 3 days). Jose attended a great celebration Barcelona in honor of two Filipino artists in Madrid which are Juan Luna at  On June 15, 1882, Rizal left Marseilles riding train en route Felix Resurrección Hidalgo. Barcelona via Bourdeaux and Portbou > sa party ring ito mabubuo propaganda movement sa Europe  A month and a half after he left the Philippines, he finally arrived in Barcelona on June 16, 1882.  Expocision Nacional de Bellas Artes (National Exposition of Fine  Rizal stayed in Barcelona from June 16, 1882 until the late part of Arts) the year  Virgenes Cristianas Expuestas al Populacho (The Christian  Wrote “Amor Patrio” (Love of Country) as his first Article written Virgins Exposed to the Populace) on Spain’s Soil (Diarong Tagalog)  Spoliarum  In November 1882, Jose went to the Universidad Central de > a Latin word referring to the basement of the Roman Madrid. Colosseum where the fallen and dying gladiators are dumped  Rizal left Barcelona for Madrid in the end of 1882 and devoid of their worldly possessions.  > to fit inside the cargo ship it had to be cut into three. (galling Gumawa si Rizal ng tula na ang pamagat ay Mi Piden Versos ibang bansa papuntang PH) (They ask me for verses) > unang may hawak nito ay ang Department of Foreign Affairs at  Padre Paterno – Noo’y mabait na tao (tropa ni Rizal). Habang tsaka nilagay sa National Museum of Fine Arts. nag-iinuman sila ni Rizal may prinopose sila (sumulat ng isang  Jose delivers a speech at the victory party for Luna and Hidalgo. nobela tungkol sa Philippine Society). > “Genius knows no country. It is the patrimony of > Ang Noli Me Tangere ay marami dapat ang sumulat, ang everybody.” problema ang miyembro ng organisayon ay walang mga kusa o - Greatness was not determined by one’s skin color or place of ambag. Sa huli, si Rizal na lang ang gumawa ng Noli (January birth. Instead, anyone can be a genius no matter where he or she 02,1884 nagstart magsulat ng Noli). Habang nasa Madrid, na- comes from. expose si Rizal sa mga liberal ideas (mapagpalayang kaisipan). Naging Miyembro rin siya ng mga mason Involvement in Student demonstration  November 20, 21, 22, 1884 caused by Dr. Miguel Morayta’s  He moved to Paris in November 1885 to work as an assistant to liberal view stating “The freedom of science and the teachers” French ophthalmologist, Dr. Louis de Wecker. > November 21 to 24 - sumali sya ng rally (demostration)  Rizal went to Germany to Study Ophthalmology.  Rizal completed his medical course in Spain. He was conferred the degree of Licentiate in Medicine.  Jose learned about Ferdinand Blumentritt, an Austrian scholar  Doctor of Medicine (1884-1885) – He did not present his thesis who had written about the Philippines. and does not pay his corresponding fees, he was not awarded his > bestfriend ni Rizal and named after the F. Blumentrit Doctors Diploma. (walang doctorate degree)  Rizal translated many stories of German in tagalog like:  He also finished his licentiate in Philosophy and letters in > William Tell by Friedrich Schiller 1885. > The Ugly Duckling > nag take ng exam sa latin and greek history at kanyang napasa > Thumbelina ito (with highest score possible - Sobresaliente) > The Little Match Girl A licentiate was enough to practice medicine.  It was during this period that Rizal’s first novel, Noli me Tangere,  During Rizal’s time, you can practice (makapanggamot) medicine was published in Berlin. (March 21, 1887) with just a licentiate in any degree > Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe – about racism and inspiration of Rizal in Noli Me Tangere ILLUSTRADO - someone who studied in abroad  Maximo Viola lent Jose Rizal money for allowance and 300 pesos for the printing of the Noli Me Tangere  Nang makapagtapos si Rizal naging aktibo siya sa Circulo  In 1887, two thousand copies of the Noli Me Tangere were Hispano-FIlipino, isang organisasyon sa Espanya at sila ay produced and distributed to Filipinos in Europe. tinawag na “The Enlighten Ones”.  Noli is published in Europe and it is original written in latin at  Noong inakay ng mga miyembro ng organisasyon na ito si Rizal, dapat sa buong Europe lamang ang mga kopya ngunit mayroong pinagtripan nila ito at pinasulat nila ng on the spot na tula.  mga pasaway na kaibigan si Rizal na ipinuslit papuntang Pilipinas.  On May 16, 1888, Rizal arrived at London > It caught the attention and provoked the hatred of the friars. > He campaigned for reform - at nadamay na ang mga pamilya ni Rizal.  The propaganda movement campaigned for reforms such as: 1. For the Philippines to be made a province of Spain so that native Filipinos would have equal rights accorded to Bakit hindi marunong mag kastila ang mga Pilipino? Spaniards.  pinag aralan nila ang tagalog pero hindi tinuro ang salitang kastila 2. Representation of the Philippines in the Spanish Cortes kaya 90% hindi marunong mag kastila noon ang mga Pilipino. (gumawa ng mga laws na kung saan walang rep ang Pilipinas). August 1887 (1st homecoming) 3. Secularization of Parishes.  Jose returned to the Philippines.  bumalik siya ng Calamba kung kalian mainit init pa ang pagka La Solidaridad published ng Noli.  lumaban sila Rizal sa mga prayle gamit ang newspaper na ito Governor-General Emilio Terrero  Among his intellectual works in Europe is his works in Europe is  He assigned a bodyguard for Rizal (for his safety), a young his annotation of Antonio de Morga`s Sucesos de las Islas Spanish officer, Lt. Jose Taviel Andrade. Filipinas (1890)  Binilin ng nanay ni Rizal na sa tuwing kakain siya sa labas o sa  He also wrote an essay entitled Sobre la Indolencia de los bahay ng iba, bago kumain isasawsaw nya ang mga kumbyertos Filipinos (On the Indolence of the Filipinos) published in 1890. sa isang baso ng tubig at kung ito ay magkaroon ng chemical > Indolence - katamaran reaction ito ay may lason ang kubyertos.  Fipinas Dentro de Cien Años (The Philippines a Century Hence) > pinagtatangkaang patayin si Rizal ng mga prayle noong published in parts from 1889 to 1890. panahong ito sa paraang nilalagyan ng lason ang mga kubyertos > kung saan sinasabi nyang masasakop tayo ng amerika after na pupuntahan ni Rizal na handaan. many years 2nd trip in Europe - naging radical na siya El Filibusterismo (revenge)  On February 8, 1888, Rizal arrived at Hongkong.  On February 12, 1890, Rizal arrived at Belgium and worked on > nambabae muna siya dito his 2nd novel, El Filibusterismo.  On February 28, 1888, Rizal arrived at Japan. > nambabae rin siya ditto  Hacienda de Calamba Case  On April 16, 1888, Rizal arrived at United States of America. > In August of 1890, Rizal learned that farmers and businessmen > nambababe rin back in Calamba had been evicted from their homes.  Na-quarantine si Rizal during 19th century - pinalayas sila sa bahay na bato sa Calamba kaya puro > ang tingin sa atin noon ay chinese or japanese paghihiganti ang kanyang El Fili.  Ang butas na nakita nila kay Rizal ay hangga't hindi nya nararanasan ay hindi siya kikilos LEADER FOR LA SOLIDARIDAD  Hundred of Filipinos met in Madrid in 1891 to determine the leadership of the La Solidaridad.  Filipinos were divided between Jose Rizal and Marcelo H. Del Pilar. > crowd favorite si Marcelo pero marami ring may gusto kay Rizal  Rizal won several times in the voting. > But for the sake of unity, Jose courteously declined the position. > ilang beses pinaulit ni Marcelo ang botohan  Rizal left the Propaganda movement in Europe and then focused on his medical practice and on finishing his second novel.  Rizal completed his novel, El Filibusterismo, which was published on September 18, 1891.  Valentin Ventura lent him money for publishing the book. June 26, 1892 (2nd homecoming)  Rizal decided to return to the Philippines thinking that real struggle was in his homeland. Despite warnings and his family`s disapproval.