Formation of Elements in the Big Bang and Stellar Evolution Lesson 1.pptx PDF

Formation of Elements in the Big Bang and Stellar Evolution MODULE 1  Objectives: ▪ Explain and give evidence for the formation of light elements in the big bang theory. ▪ Describe and give evidence for the formation of heavier elements during s...

Formation of Elements in the Big Bang and Stellar Evolution MODULE 1  Objectives: ▪ Explain and give evidence for the formation of light elements in the big bang theory. ▪ Describe and give evidence for the formation of heavier elements during star formation and evolution; and ▪ Write the nuclear fusion reactions in stars, which led to the formation of new elements. Big bang nucleosynthesis ▪ As the universe cooled down and the subatomic particles formed, it entered the phase called big bang nucleosynthesis.  Nucleosynthesis The process that creates a new atomic nucleus from pre-existing nucleons, primarily protons (+) and neutrons.  Big bang Nucleosynthesis Proton + neutron= Deuterium Deuterium+ neutron= Tritium Big bang Nucleosynthesis strongly favors the very light isotopes like Hydrogen (1.008) and Helium (4.003) because they are dense less rather than other elements with larger atomic mass. Atom is the smallest unit of matter. Sub-atomic particles: Proton (+)Positively charge particle Neutron No charge particle Electron (-)Negatively charge particle  Nuclear fusion ▪ The process by which light nuclei fuse together to form a heavier nucleus. Isotopes produced during the big bang nucleosynthesis were H-1, H-2, He-3, He-4, and Li-7 Isotope- is a form of an element that has the same atomic number as that of the original element but with a different atomic mass or mass number. Fusion- combination or to fuse together Fission- separation or splitting of particles.  Stellar nucleosynthesis ▪ The formation of heavy elements by the fusion of lighter nuclei in the interior of stars.  Stars are hot and dense enough to burn hydrogen -1 (1H) to Helium -4 (4He). ▪ There are many nuclear synthetic Layers near core of stars pathways or nuclear fusions to produce heavy elements: have very high temperatures enough to nucleosynthesize ▪ Carbon-Nitrogen-oxygen cycle heavy elements such as ▪ Proton-proton fusion silicon and iron. ▪ Triple alpha process Supernova ▪ It is an explosive death of a star. Add a Slide Title - 1 Add a Slide Title - 3 Thank you! Activities are on the next slide. MODULE 1: Formation of Elements in the Big Bang and Stella Evolution Activities Answer the following activities below using your textbook. Write it on a long bond paper. Don’t forget to write your name, module # & title, Activity and page. What Have I Learned So Far? Page 5 What Have I Learned So Far? Pages 7-8 Add a Slide Title - 5