Lesson 1- Pathogens PDF

Diseases You Can Catch- Pathogens Biology: Health, Lifestyle, and Infection Lesson 1: Pathogens Lesson 2: How the Body Defends Itself Lesson 3: Vaccines and Antibiotics Lesson 4: Diseases You Can’t Catch Lesson 5: Lifestyle and Risk Factors Lesson 6: Drugs Lesson 7: Review Lesson 8: Test Learning...

Diseases You Can Catch- Pathogens Biology: Health, Lifestyle, and Infection Lesson 1: Pathogens Lesson 2: How the Body Defends Itself Lesson 3: Vaccines and Antibiotics Lesson 4: Diseases You Can’t Catch Lesson 5: Lifestyle and Risk Factors Lesson 6: Drugs Lesson 7: Review Lesson 8: Test Learning Goals List the major groups of pathogens and give examples of infections caused by each one. Be able to describe the barriers in the human body that can prevent infection. Describe behaviours that can stop the spread of infectious diseases. Infections, Diseases, and Health Conditions There are some infections, diseases, and health conditions that you can catch/get. There are others that you can’t. Pathogens What do you already know about pathogens? Pathogens A pathogen is something that invades your body and makes you ill. Recap: Living Things What are the 7 characteristics of living things? Hint: MRS REGN Pathogens All living things want to reproduce. Our bodies are very good hosts (places) for organisms to reproduce because our bodies are warm, and have lots of water, nutrients, and oxygen. Pathogens A pathogen is something that invades your body and makes you ill. Pathogens use our bodies to reproduce and then spread themselves to other hosts. There are 5 groups of pathogens. Pathogens- Viruses Viruses are different than the other types of pathogens as they are not actually alive. Viruses are very small (20-500nm). They take over a host’s cells and use the machinery in the host’s cells to reproduce. Video Pathogens- Bacteria Bacteria are unicellular organisms. They are much smaller than animal cells (10µm). Under the right conditions, bacteria can reproduce in about 20 minutes. Pathogens- Protozoa Protozoa are unicellular organisms. They are about the same size as an animal cell. Protozoa take days to reproduce. Pathogens- Fungi Fungi can be unicellular (like yeast) or multicellular. They can cause infections on the skin or on body openings. Pathogens- Helminths (Parasitic Worms) Helminths tend to live in the digestive system. There are many different types.  Pathogens- Summary Type of Pathogen Example Virus HIV, COVID-19 Bacteria Strep throat, gonorrhea Protozoa Malaria Fungi Athlete’s foot Helminth Tapeworm Size of viruses and bacteria simulator Pathogens Do you think all bacteria and viruses are bad? Explain your answer. Immune System Our bodies don’t want pathogens to steal our nutrients and damage our cells. The immune system works to defend the body from pathogens. Immune System The immune system has barriers to help prevent pathogens from entering the body. Immune System What are some barriers that prevent pathogens from entering the body? Immune System The skin stops pathogens from being able to enter the body. It is a physical barrier. Immune System There are places where things can enter our body such as our nose or ears. These places are often lined with slime (mucus) that captures pathogens. Immune System Our body can also use chemicals to quickly kill pathogens. The acid in the stomach can kill lots of pathogens. This is a chemical barrier. Immune System There are also chemicals in our tears and saliva that help to kill pathogens. Immune System The immune system has barriers to help prevent pathogens from entering the body. Physical barriers are things like your skin or mucus in your nose and ears. Chemical barriers are things like the acid in your stomach or the chemicals in your saliva and tears. Preventing Infections How do we spread pathogens? How can we limit the spread of pathogens/ prevent infections? Preventing Infections Pathogens often cannot survive outside of water. So, pathogens are usually spread from one person to another through bodily fluids. Preventing Infections Pathogens can be spread through: Physical contact- kissing, physically touching, sexual contact, touching shared surfaces Air- breathing in air droplets from exhalation, coughing, or sneezing Eating/drinking- consuming food or liquids from someone infected with a pathogen Preventing Infections Pathogens can also be spread through a vector. A vector is an organism that carries a pathogen from one organism to another. Some examples of vectors are mosquitos (carry protozoa that causes malaria) and ticks (carry bacteria that cause Lyme disease and TBE). Preventing Infections Preventing Infections We can prevent the spread of pathogens by: Wash and dry hands regularly and well (use soap) Cover coughs and sneezes Practice safe sex Clean surfaces regularly Ventilate your home Prepare food safely Check for ticks after being outside Preventing Infections You are waiting in line for bamba. Which should you choose to clean your hands? Learning Goals List the major groups of pathogens and give examples of infections caused by each one. Be able to describe the barriers in the human body that can prevent infection. Describe behaviours that can stop the spread of infectious diseases.