Measurement of Motor Performance Lecture PDF

Review Name one performance outcome measure that could be used here. Rank Responses 1 1 http://sidroc.com/product/litegait-therapy- devices/ 1  Review Name one kinematic and one kinetic me...

Review Name one performance outcome measure that could be used here. Rank Responses 1 1 http://sidroc.com/product/litegait-therapy- devices/ 1  Review Name one kinematic and one kinetic measure that could be used here. Rank Responses 1 1 http://sidroc.com/product/litegait-therapy- devices/ 2  KIN 280 – Motor control and Learning Measurement of Motor Performance Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies University of Regina, Regina, SK Jan 13, 2025 3 Measurement of Motor Performance Learning Outcomes: Describe 5 technologies used to measure performance production in the nervous system Compare advantages and disadvantages of TMS, EEG, fNIRS and fMRI as neuroimaging techniques 4 Measurement of Motor Performance Electromyography (EMG) – the quantification of a muscle’s electrical activity (sum of action potentials) Reminder: Voluntary muscle contractions begin as electrical activity in the brain Electrical impulses carried along nerves to muscle Motor neuron and all the fibres it innervates is a motor unit. Each muscle has many motor units. Intramuscular vs Surface EMG Single motor units vs Population of 5 Measurement of Motor Performance Common applications of EMG: muscle activation, muscle coordination/patterning, fatigue 6 Measurement of Motor Performance View - EMG Video 7 Measurement of Motor Performance Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) – non- invasive form of brain stimulation that allows assessment of motor cortical activity Motor Evoked Potential (MEP) - Sum of responses from a population of activated corticospinal neurons 8 Measurement of Motor Performance TMS Demo Common applications of TMS: Modulation and measurement of corticospinal excitability and cortical organization (i.e., mapping) EBMconsult.co m Motor homonculus 9 www.ai.mit.ed Measurement of Motor Performance View - TMS Video 1 10 Measurement of Motor Performance View - TMS Video 2 11 Measurement of Motor Performance View - TMS Video 3 12  Measurement of Motor Performance Electroencephalograph y (EEG) – continuous recording of electrical activity in the brain Post-synaptic dendritic currents from population of cortical neurons Huang et al. 2018: www.researchgate.net/figure/Biological- neuron-and-synapse_fig1_324229756 13 Measurement of Motor Performance Common applications of EEG: Cortical activity patterns, somatosensory evoked potentials, neurofeedback Commercial products becoming available using EEG for neurofeedback Still lots to learn! https://www.diygenius.com/hacking-your-brain-waves/ 14 Measurement of Motor Performance Functional near infrared spectroscopy – measures changes in blood oxygenation through consideration of light absorption of blood BOLD signal contrast Skin, tissue, bone are mostly transparent to light between 700-900 nm, but hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin are strong absorbers at this wavelength fNIRS video https://www.youtube.com/ https://sol.edu.hku.hk/fnirs-brain- watch?v=6CWYxI05YrU imaging/ 15 Measurement of Motor Performance Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) – measures changes in blood oxygenation through consideration of magnetic properties of blood BOLD signal contrast www.jameco.com Changes in deoxygenated hemoglobin in blood changes the blood’s response to magnetization fMRI video https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=RAKcIvFAt8o https://blogs.plos.org/neuro/ 16 2018/01/08/can-we-trust-statistics-in-  Measurement of Motor Performance Which of the following techniques provides a direct measure of brain activity? A. Electroencephalography (EEG) B. Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) C. Functional magnetic resonance imagine (fMRI) D. None of the above 17  Measurement of Motor Performance Which of the following does NOT provide an observational measure of brain activity? A. Electroencephalography (EEG) B. Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) C. Functional magnetic resonance imagine (fMRI) D. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) 18  Measurement of Motor Performance Which approach to measuring brain activity provides the best spatial resolution? A. Electroencephalography (EEG) B. Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) C. Functional magnetic resonance imagine (fMRI) D. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) 19  Measurement of Motor Performance Which approach to measuring brain activity is typically limited to studying the motor system? A. Electroencephalography (EEG) B. Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) C. Functional magnetic resonance imagine (fMRI) D. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) 20  Measurement of Motor Performance Characteristics of TMS, EEG, fNIRS and fMRI for non-invasive TMS neuroimaging: EEG Provides direct measure of Provides direct measure of cortical activation cortical activation Neuromodulatory Observational Limited to study of motor Limited to study of cortex outputs High temporal resolution Good temporal resolution www.ai.mit.edu Spatially limited Spatially limited Dr. Chuck Hillman, Portable University of Illinois Portable Relatively inexpensive (5 Relatively inexpensive (six figures) figures) fNIRS fMRI Provides indirect measure Provides indirect measure of of cortical activation cortical activation (BOLD) Observational Observational https://blogs.plos.org/neuro/ Study of cortex and below Limited to study of cortex https://sol.edu.hku.hk/ fnirs-brain-imaging/ 2018/01/08/can-we-trust- Poor temporal resolution statistics-in-fmri-studies/ Poor temporal resolution High spatial resolution Spatially limited Not portable Portable Expensive! (7 figures) 21 Measurement of Motor Performance Summary of Learning Outcomes: Describe 5 technologies used to measure performance production in the nervous system EMG, TMS, EEG, fNIRS, fMRI Compare advantages and disadvantages of TMS, EEG, fNIRS and fMRI as neuroimaging techniques Direct/indirect, modulatory/observational, cortex/subcortex, temporal and spatial resolution, portability, expense 22 Measurement of Motor Performance Next topic(s): Motor Abilities incl. debate! 23