CSC-430 Computer Organization and Assembly Language Lecture Notes PDF

CSC-430 Computer Organization & Assembly Language Prof. Dr. Imtiaz Ali Korejo Email: [email protected]  Course Information Welcome to CSC-430 (Computer Organization and Assembly Language) Teaching Methodology: ❖ Lectures, Assignments, Practical labs, Reference Mater...

CSC-430 Computer Organization & Assembly Language Prof. Dr. Imtiaz Ali Korejo Email: [email protected]  Course Information Welcome to CSC-430 (Computer Organization and Assembly Language) Teaching Methodology: ❖ Lectures, Assignments, Practical labs, Reference Materials: 1) Assembly Language programming & Organization of the IBM PC By Ytha Yu & Charles Marut 2) Assembly language for x86 Processor(6th edition or 7th edition) By Kip Irvine 3) Computer Orgnaization and Architecture By William Stallings Course Objectives ❖ To understand Organization of a computer system ❖ To gain an insight knowledge about the internal architecture and working of microprocessors. ❖ To understand working of memory devices, interrupt controllers and I/O devices. ❖To learn Assembly Language ❖ To understand how low level logic is applied for problem solving by using assembly as a language.  Prerequisite ❖ Must know a programming language such as Procedural or structured programming Languages ( C Language). ❖ You know about ASCII code: A 65 a 97 0 48 Basic Structure & Function of Computer System The Computer-Top-level Structure Four major structural components are as follows: ❖ Control unit: Controls the operation of the CPU and hence the computer. ❖ALU: Performs the computer’s data processing functions. ❖Registers: Provides storage internal to the CPU. ❖CPU Interconnection: Some mechanism that provides for communication among the control unit, ALU and registers. CPU and Motherboard  Function ❖ Function is the operation of individual components as part of the structure. ❖Main functions performed by a computer system are: ❖ Process Data ❖Store Data ❖Move Data ❖Control the above three functions  Basic Computer Organization ❖Computer Organization: It is concerned with the way the hardware components operate and the way they are connected to form the computer system. ❖Computer Architecture: Which is concerned with the structure and behavior of the computer as seen by the user. ❖Computer Design: It is concerned with the hardware design of the computer. Basic Computer Organization Basic Computer Organization  Introduction of Assembly Language ❖ Why we study Assembly Language? ❖ What is assembly Language?  High level Language Test.c Compiler Assembly Code Test.asm Assembler Library File Object File Test.obj Linker Machine Code Test.exe Hardware  Why we study Assembly Language? ❖Better understanding of hardware and Software interaction ❖To learn how high-level language code gets translated into machine code. ❖The programmer can write the code to access registers and retrieve the memory address of pointers and values. ❖Better processing time than other language program. ❖ To speed up applications by direct access to hardware (Writing directly to I/O ports instead of doing a system call) or Increase efficiency & performance. ❖Assembly language is useful for implementing system software such as Device Drivers. ❖ Also useful for small embedded system applications  What is assembly language? ❖Computer Programming Language. ( HL, AL, & LL Languages) ❖Low level / Symbolically Programming Language. Machine Language ❖Each CPU can only execute its own machine language ❖Machine Language is stored in binary code - a series of 0's and 1's ❖Very difficult to write ML programs! ❖Each family of CPU's has its own distinct machine language  Assembly Language ❖ Assembly Language is a low level programming language. ❖It is mainly depends on the architecture of computer and sometimes to an operating system. ❖ Using mnemonics (ADD, MOV, MUL) instead of machine code. ❖It is also known as Symbolical Language ❖One ALC statement usually translates to 1 ML statement ❖Just as each computer has its own Machine Language - each computer has its own Assembler Language. ❖ Close to human language ❖Assembler is a language translator that translate the assembly code into machine code. ❖Each CPU has own assembly language. THE END.