Lecture Week 1 Body Systems Student Notes PDF

Science in Audiology, Ear Institute Body systems Marta Andres de Miguel This module… Will introduce you to several concepts that you will see along the degree Goes from a broad view of body systems to a specific view of the ear and sound processing  Assessme...

Science in Audiology, Ear Institute Body systems Marta Andres de Miguel This module… Will introduce you to several concepts that you will see along the degree Goes from a broad view of body systems to a specific view of the ear and sound processing  Assessment Type of Duration Date of Contribution Type of Feedback Assessment Assessment to Module Feedback due Mark Mid-term 1 Hour Tuesday 22 nd 30% Marks will be Tuesday QUIZ October 2024 provided. 26th Content: (Week 4) November Weeks 1-3 2024 Written 2 hours January 2025 70% Marks will be tbc EXAM provided. Results can Content: be discussed Weeks 1-10 with the module tutor on request.  Topics covered  Cell biology  Brief overview of body systems: - cardiovascular system. - immune system. - nervous system - musculoskeletal system - respiratory system - digestive system  Learning outcomes  Understand and briefly describe the structure, composition, and function of the: - Cells - Musculoskeletal - Nervous - Immune - Cardiovascular - Respiratory - Digestive systems Understand and briefly explain the interconnections between body systems, and the ear/auditory system All systems are interconnected Cell Biology 1. The eukaryotic (animal) cell. Main components:  2. Cell contains the genetic information DNA RNA Protein 3. Protein synthesis 4. Protein synthesis 5. Cellular respiration s  6. Cell division - Mitosis Identic al copies  6. Cell division - Meiosis Genetic material recombin es Overview of Body Systems  The musculoskeletal system Provides body Calcium and support phosphate homeostasis Protects organs Blood cell production Provides movement Types of muscles Involuntary , covers walls of heart Voluntary, attaches to skeleton Involuntary , covers walls internal The motor unit The reflex reaction  The nervous system Collects Forward information information to internally and the appropriate externally tissue or organ Process the Send information collected to the information appropriate part of the brain The nervous system The brain Learning Reasoning Cerebrum Speech Senses Process and transmits Thalamus sensory information Hypothalamu Produce and s regulate Pituitary neurochemica ls glandmuscle movements, Coordinating motor learning, balance, coordination Sensory information Movement, auditory, visual processing Motor and sensory pathways Cardiac activity, respiration, digestion, sleep The brain The spinal cord Administers motor data from brain to body Performs slight reflexes Administers sensory data from PNS to brain The spinal cord  The peripheral nervous system Somatic nervous system: Voluntary movements Composed of nerves 1. Sensory neurons (spinal and cranial) and 2. Motor neurons ganglia Autonomic nervous system: Link the CNS to organs Involuntary movements and limbs and functions, information to organs 1. Sympathetic (“fight and flight response”), ach, nicotinic, noradrenaline 2. Parasympathetic (rest), The peripheral nervous system The peripheral nervous system The cardiovascular system Supplies your body organs with oxygen and nutrients The cardiovascular system Systemic circulation Pulmonary circulation Systemic circulation The heart Blood pressure Blood pressure Blood vessels Capillary exchange  The blood Red blood cells: White blood Hemoglobin cells: Immune (oxygen and CO2) system Plasma transports: Blood cells Nutrients Waste products Platelets: blood Antibodies clotting Clotting proteins hormones  The respiratory system Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between body and Alveoli get filles with oxygen-rich air. Gas exchange takes place between blood and alveoli, and then between blood and tissue cells all around the body through simple diffusion. The immune system Protects our body from Natural barriers The immune system organs Innate vs adaptative immune response Innate vs adaptive immune response Adaptive immune response Blood test  The digestive system Transforms raw material food into nutrients Absorption of test Blood nutrients Absorption of nutrients  The ear and the body systems Musculoskeletal: Cardiovascular: Supports Oxygen and Transmits nutrient suppy vibration Removes waste Nervous: products Transmits sensory Respiratory: information Oxygen and CO2 Efferent control exchange Immune: Digestive: Protection from Provides infection nutrients Questions?