Lecture 9: The Role and Work of Managers (October University Dentistry)

Dentistry Faculty The Role and Work of Managers Lecture 9 LECTURE OUTLINE Define management and their activities Differentiate the work of several levels of management. LECTURE ILOs Know the definition of management and what they do. Differentiate the activities of dif...

Dentistry Faculty The Role and Work of Managers Lecture 9 LECTURE OUTLINE Define management and their activities Differentiate the work of several levels of management. LECTURE ILOs Know the definition of management and what they do. Differentiate the activities of different levels of management. THE ROLE AND WORK OF MANAGERS The Changing Nature of Management: Managers make up only a very small percentage of all employees in a company. Employees are responsible for completing the day-to-day work. There are often several levels of managers in an organization. Higher-level managers spend their time planning, problem solving, and making decisions about how to make the business more successful.  THE ROLE AND WORK OF MANAGERS The Changing Nature of Management: The nature of management and employee relations has changed a great deal in the past 20 years. In the past, many managers exerted a great deal of authority and control, expected employees to follow orders. Modern managers work more closely with employees, keep employees informed about company performance and upcoming changes, and involve them in important decision making. THE ROLE AND WORK OF MANAGERS The Changing Nature of Management: Employees have greater responsibilities in many companies, and employee teams now complete some work previously done by managers. Businesses in which managers and employees have respect for each other, communicate effectively, and work well together are usually more successful than older-style businesses.  THE ROLE AND WORK OF MANAGERS Management Activities: Management is the process of accomplishing the goals of an organization through the effective use of people and other resources. Those resources include money, facilities, equipment, and materials. The main four activities of all managers include: (1) planning, (2) organizing, (3) implementing, and (4) controlling.  THE ROLE AND WORK OF MANAGERS Management Activities: Planning involves analyzing information and making decisions about what needs to be done. Organizing is concerned with determining how plans can be accomplished most effectively and arranging resources to complete work.  THE ROLE AND WORK OF MANAGERS Management Activities: A manager is implementing when carrying out the plans and helping employees to work effectively. He is controlling when evaluating results to determine if the company’s objectives have been accomplished as planned. THE ROLE AND WORK OF MANAGERS Levels of Management: A manager completes all four management functions on a regular basis and has authority over other people. There is typically more than one level of management in most companies. Large companies may have five or six management classifications. However, today many companies are attempting to reduce the number of levels of management, making each level of management and each manager’s work more important. THE ROLE AND WORK OF MANAGERS Levels of Management: A manager whose main job is to direct the work of non- management employees is called a supervisor. Supervisors are typically the first level of management in a company and often have many non-managerial activities to perform as well. Supervisors work most directly with employees and are involved primarily in ensuring that the day-to-day work of the business is completed. Therefore, they devote most of their management time to implementing. They provide management with feedback from the field. THE ROLE AND WORK OF MANAGERS Levels of Management: An executive (CEO) is a top-level manager who spends almost all of his/her time on making decisions that affect the entire company. Executives have other managers reporting to them. Between executives and supervisors in larger organizations, there will be one or more levels of mid-managers. Executives work with other managers and are responsible for the long-term direction of the business. They spend most of their time on planning and organizing. THE ROLE AND WORK OF MANAGERS Levels of Management: A mid-manager completes all of the management functions, such as planning, organizing, implementing, and controlling, and is responsible for a specific part of the company’s operations. As a manager moves up in the organization, responsibilities change. THE ROLE AND WORK OF MANAGERS Levels of Management: THE ROLE AND WORK OF MANAGERS Effective Supervision: Supervisors have employees, who used to be their coworkers as their subordinates. A subordinate is subject to the authority and control of another person. Supervisors must command respect from the employees who report to them but in a way that encourages employees to do their best. Moving from the role of coworker to the role of boss is not an easy change. Many supervisors fail due to their inability to make that change. THE ROLE AND WORK OF MANAGERS Supervisors’ Tasks: 1) COMMUNICATE THE GOALS AND DIRECTIONS OF MANAGEMENT TO EMPLOYEES In order for employees to complete work effectively, they must understand what needs to be done and why. Good supervisors can show employees the importance of the company’s goals and help them see how they can accomplish their own goals to help the company to be successful. THE ROLE AND WORK OF MANAGERS Supervisors’ Tasks: 2) EXPLAIN EMPLOYEE CONCERNS AND IDEAS TO MANAGEMENT Employees want to feel that they are a part of the company and that management considers their ideas and opinions. Therefore, supervisors must communicate employees’ concerns and ideas to management and follow up to find out what action was taken. Employees will work hard for a company that is concerned about them, and takes their ideas and suggestions seriously. They are the company’s “eyes and ears”. THE ROLE AND WORK OF MANAGERS Supervisors’ Tasks: 3) EVALUATE AND IMPROVE EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE Supervisors need to be sure that each employee is performing as effectively as possible. Supervisors regularly conduct performance reviews on each employee. A performance review is a procedure that evaluates the work and accomplishment of an employee and provides feedback on that performance. Supervisors must be both positive and objective when they complete employee evaluations. They should reward good performers and help non-performers through coaching. THE ROLE AND WORK OF MANAGERS Supervisors’ Tasks: 4)ENCOURAGE EMPLOYEES TO DO THEIR BEST WORK How employees feel about their jobs affects their performance. Supervisors need to create a pleasant atmosphere in which employees can enjoy their work and do a good job. Employees want to feel accepted and comfortable. They want others to appreciate what they are doing and to be recognized for good work. THE ROLE AND WORK OF MANAGERS Supervisors’ Tasks: 5) USE RESOURCES EFFICIENTLY Companies won’t operate long if they are unable to make a profit. An important part to earn a profit is by controlling the costs of the business. Because supervisors are responsible for the day-to-day activities of a business, they have a great deal of control over whether a company makes a profit or a loss. Good supervisors continually look for ways to operate more efficiently and to use resources more effectively. THE ROLE AND WORK OF MANAGERS Workshop: Supervisors are sometimes called the most important managers in a business. Do you agree or disagree with that statement? Why? References Burrow, J., Kleindl, B., Everard, K., 2008. Business principles and management Fatehi, K., 2019. International Business Management Aldrich, H.E., 2008. Organizations and Environments. Ansoff, I.H., 2007. Strategic Management.