Food Labels Lecture 4 PDF

WEEK 3: LECTURE 4 FOOD LABELS SEPT 16, 2024 HLSC 2825U: Nutrition and Health Jennifer Conium, MScFN, RD, CDE REQUIRED READINGS AND ASSIGNMENT LINKS ◼ Textbook Section: 2.5 ◼ Links: ◼ Health Canada- Nutrition Facts Table ◼ Health Canada-...

WEEK 3: LECTURE 4 FOOD LABELS SEPT 16, 2024 HLSC 2825U: Nutrition and Health Jennifer Conium, MScFN, RD, CDE REQUIRED READINGS AND ASSIGNMENT LINKS ◼ Textbook Section: 2.5 ◼ Links: ◼ Health Canada- Nutrition Facts Table ◼ Health Canada- List of Ingredients ◼ Health Canada- Nutrition Claims ◼ Health Canada- Front of Package Labelling ◼ Health Canada- Health Claims on Food Labels ◼ Food Label Assignment: ◼ Health Canada- Nutrient Function Claims ◼ Health Canada- Nutrient Content Claims ◼ Health Canada- Food Labelling for Industry FOOD LABELS IN CANADA: INDUSTRY  FOOD LABEL REGULATIONS1 ◼ Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) label regulations: 1. Name of the product; net contents/weight; date in which the product must be sold if perishable; name and place of business of the manufacturer, packager or distributor 2. List of ingredients in descending order by weight 3. Nutrition facts table 1. Smolin, L. A., & Grosvenor, M. B. , Garfinkel D.(2020). Nutrition : science & applications (3rd ed.). Wiley.  INDUSTRY LABELLING CHECKLIST2 List of ingredients and Common Name Net quantity declaration Location Presentation allergen labelling Name and principal place Front of Package (FOP) Date markings Nutrition Facts Table Bilingual of business Irradiation Sweeteners 2.https://inspection.canada.ca/en/food-labels/labelling/industry/food-labelling-requirements-checklist  COMMON NAME2 ◼ Typed in boldface type, not in italics ◼ The name identified by any federal regulation, or by which the food is commonly known 2.https://inspection.canada.ca/en/food-labels/labelling/industry/food-labelling-requirements-checklist  NET QUANTITY DECLARATION3 ▪ By volume for liquids: in millilitres (or for amounts of 1000 milliliters or more, in litres) ▪ By weight for solids: in grams (for amounts of 1000 grams or more, in kilograms) ▪ By count for certain foods ◼ Exemptions: ▪ prepackaged individual servings of food prepared by a commissary and sold by automatic vending machines or mobile canteens ▪ prepackaged individual portions of food that are served by a restaurant or other commercial enterprise, such as jams, sugar, crackers, ketchup, and salt ▪ Catch- weight foods sold to a retailer (ie. Meat) ▪ Consumer prepackaged fresh fruits or vegetables sold unsealed transparent protective bag, if sold by weight, ie cherries, grapes 3. https://inspection.canada.ca/en/food-labels/labelling/industry/net-quantity  LIST OF INGREDIENTS AND ALLERGEN LABELLING4 ◼ All prepackaged products with more than 1 ingredient must declare their ingredients and components in a list of ingredients ◼ Food allergens, gluten and sulphites must be declared ◼ Exemptions: ▪ Prepackaged products that are packed on retail premises from bulk, including candies, flour, salt, spices, single ingredient nuts and in store baked breads ▪ Prepackaged individual portions of food intended solely to be served with meals or snacks by restaurants, airlines such as coffee creamers, jam, tartar sauce, pancake syrup, salad dressing, crackers and ketchup ▪ Prepackaged individual servings of food prepared by commissaries and sold in mobile canteens or vending machines ▪ Prepackaged meat and poultry that are barbecued, roasted or broiled on the retail premises for example, such as prepackaged chicken at a grocery store ▪ Bourbon whiskey and standardized alcoholic beverages ▪ Standardized vinegars 4. https://inspection.canada.ca/en/food-labels/labelling/industry/list-ingredients-and-allergens  LOCATION AND PRESENTATION2 Location ◼ List of ingredients displayed other than the bottom of the product? Presentation ◼ Type, font, size of lettering, upper vs lowercase as required 2.https://inspection.canada.ca/en/food-labels/labelling/industry/food-labelling-requirements-checklist  NAME AND PLACE OF BUSINESS & DATE MARKINGS2 Name and Place of Business ◼ Is the name and principal place of business described appropriately ◼ Imported products: ◼ Canadian name and principal place of business, grouped with the geographic origin, or preceded by the expressions "Imported by / importé par" or "Imported for / importé pour"? Date Markings ◼ Best Before ◼ Packaged on ◼ Storage Instructions ◼ Expiration 2.https://inspection.canada.ca/en/food-labels/labelling/industry/food-labelling-requirements-checklist  NUTRITION FACTS TABLE2 ◼ Location ◼ Outer package and in a spot where it won’t get destroyed upon opening ◼ Format ◼ Contents ◼ Serving size ◼ 12 core nutrients and energy amounts ◼ Graphic and technical requirements 2.https://inspection.canada.ca/en/food-labels/labelling/industry/food-labelling-requirements-checklist  FRONT OF PACKAGE & BILINGUAL2 FOP: ◼ A nutrition symbol must appear on the label of a prepackaged product when the amount of saturated fat, sugars and/or sodium is equal to or higher than the specified nutrient thresholds ◼ Location- is it on the principal display surface? ◼ Does it meet legibility, language and orientation requirements? Bilingual: ◼ All information in English and French 2.https://inspection.canada.ca/en/food-labels/labelling/industry/food-labelling-requirements-checklist  IRRADIATION AND SWEETENERS2 Irradiation: ▪ Is the food permitted to be irradiated? ▪ Does it say: "irradiated" or "treated with radiation" or "treated by irradiation" ▪ Is the international symbol on the principal display panel? Sweeteners: ◼ If there is aspartame is there a statement about phenylalanine? ◼ Some sweeteners require a statement expressing the amount of sugar required to produce an equivalent degree of sweetness declared on the label ◼ aspartame, sucralose, acesulfame-potassium or neotame 2.https://inspection.canada.ca/en/food-labels/labelling/industry/food-labelling-requirements-checklist FOOD LABELS IN CANADA: CONSUMERS  INGREDIENTS LIST1 Old Version New Version 1. Smolin, L. A., & Grosvenor, M. B. , Garfinkel D.(2020). Nutrition : science & applications (3rd ed.). Wiley.  NUTRITION FACTS TABLE1 Old Version New Version 1. Smolin, L. A., & Grosvenor, M. B. , Garfinkel D.(2020). Nutrition : science & applications (3rd ed.). Wiley.  % DAILY VALUE1 ◼ Based on 2,000kcal/day ◼ 5% DV or less is a little ◼ 15% DV or more is a lot ◼ Nutrients to limit: sodium, sugars, saturated fat ◼ Nutrients to possibly increase: iron, fibre, calcium potassium 1. Smolin, L. A., & Grosvenor, M. B. , Garfinkel D.(2020). Nutrition : science & applications (3rd ed.). Wiley.  FRONT OF PACKAGE (FOP) LABELLING ◼ FOP labelling designed to help consumers make quick and informed choices and support health professionals educate the public5 ◼ Enforced July 2022; transition period ends December 31, 2025 ◼ Health Canada asked for clear identification of foods that are high in saturated fast, sugars and/or sodium 1 ◼ Sugar- free sugars ◼ “High in” = >15% ◼ Risk with high consumption of the above include: stroke, obesity heart disease, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure and some types of cancers5 1. Smolin, L. A., & Grosvenor, M. B. , Garfinkel D.(2020). Nutrition : science & applications (3rd ed.). Wiley. 5. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/food-nutrition/nutrition-labelling/front-package.html TYPES OF HEALTH CLAIMS  NUTRIENT CONTENT CLAIMS1 1. Smolin, L. A., & Grosvenor, M. B. , Garfinkel D.(2020). Nutrition : science & applications (3rd ed.). Wiley.  NUTRIENT CONTENT CLAIMS- FIBRE1 1. Smolin, L. A., & Grosvenor, M. B. , Garfinkel D.(2020). Nutrition : science & applications (3rd ed.). Wiley.  DISEASE RISK REDUCTION & THERAPEUTIC CLAIMS1 Food or Nutrient Disease or Health Condition Calcium Osteoporosis Sodium High blood pressure Saturated Fats and Trans Fats6 Coronary Artery Disease F&V Cancer Heart Disease Low in starch/fermented sugars Dental caries Sugar free gum Plant sterols Cholesterol Psyllium Oat products Unsaturated fat Ground flaxseed Barley Soy protein Polysaccharide complex (xanthum gum, sodium alginate) Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) Triglyceride 4 Addition of partially hydrogenated oils-”Trans fats” are now banned in Canada as of 2018 1. Smolin, L. A., & Grosvenor, M. B. , Garfinkel D.(2020). Nutrition : science & applications (3rd ed.). Wiley. 6. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/news/2018/09/canadian-ban-on-trans-fats-comes-into-force-today.html  NUTRIENT FUNCTION CLAIMS7 ◼ Nutrient Function Claims ◼ Role of a nutrient or ingredient in maintaining normal structure or function or describe how it contributes to general well-being ◼ Must contain at least 5% of the DV of that nutrient per serving 7. https://inspection.canada.ca/en/food-labels/labelling/industry/health-claims#c9  FOOD FUNCTION CLAIMS Only 3 foods in which these are permitted: 1. Wheat bran and psyllium 2. Green tea 1. Smolin, L. A., & Grosvenor, M. B. , Garfinkel D.(2020). Nutrition : science & applications (3rd ed.). Wiley.  PROBIOTIC CLAIMS1 Label requirements*: ◼ Must be clearly labelled “probiotic” ◼ Latin names of bacterial cultures ◼ Can include any of the following claims: ◼ Probiotic that naturally forms part of gut flora ◼ Provides live micro-organism that naturally form part of the gut flora ◼ Probiotic that contribute to health gut flora ◼ Provides live micro-organism that contribute to healthy gut flora *Refer to textbook section 3.3- Label Literacy 1. Smolin, L. A., & Grosvenor, M. B. , Garfinkel D.(2020). Nutrition : science & applications (3rd ed.). Wiley.  GENERAL HEALTH CLAIMS1,6 ◼ To promote health eating ◼ Symbols, logos or phrases ie. “healthy choice” or “good for you” ◼ Canada’s Food guide messaging ◼ No drug representation ◼ Educational material ◼ Third party endorsements, logos and heart symbols ◼ Use of terms “nutritious” or “healthy” ◼ Weight loss claims 1. Smolin, L. A., & Grosvenor, M. B. , Garfinkel D.(2020). Nutrition : science & applications (3rd ed.). Wiley. 7. https://inspection.canada.ca/en/food-labels/labelling/industry/health-claims  COMPOSITION, QUALITY, QUANTITY, AND ORIGIN CLAIMS1 ◼ “Product of Canada” ◼ “100%” ◼ “no preservatives added” ◼ “fresh,” “natural,” “homemade,” “organic” and “genetically modified” 1. Smolin, L. A., & Grosvenor, M. B. , Garfinkel D.(2020). Nutrition : science & applications (3rd ed.). Wiley.  OTHER HEALTH CLAIMS7 ◼ Implied Health Claims- case-by-case basis ◼ Health Claims for children under 4 years of age ◼ Disease reduction claims are not permitted ◼ Under 2 years- folate claims not permitted ie “a factor in normal early fetal development” and “a factor in the normal early development of the fetal brain and spinal cord” 7. https://inspection.canada.ca/en/food-labels/labelling/industry/health-claims  NATURAL HEALTH PRODUCTS1 ◼ Vitamins, minerals, essential fatty acids, amino acids, probiotics, herbal remedies, traditional medicines and homeopathic products ◼ Different from food labelling: ◼ Product name ◼ Product license holder ◼ NPN or DIN-HM ◼ Medicinal ingredients ◼ Dosage form and recommended daily dose ◼ Recommended use of purpose ◼ Risk information 1. Smolin, L. A., & Grosvenor, M. B. , Garfinkel D.(2020). Nutrition : science & applications (3rd ed.). Wiley. REFERENCES 1. Smolin, L. A., & Grosvenor, M. B. , Garfinkel D.(2020). Nutrition : science & applications (3rd ed.). Wiley. 2. Government of Canada: Canadian Food Inspection Agency. 2024. https://inspection.canada.ca/en/food-labels/labelling/industry/food-labelling-requirements-checklist 3. Government of Canada: Canadian Food Inspection Agency. 2024. Net Quantity Declaration. https://inspection.canada.ca/en/food-labels/labelling/industry/net-quantity 4. Government of Canada: Canadian Food Inspection Agency. 2024. List of Ingredient and allergen labelling. https://inspection.canada.ca/en/food-labels/labelling/industry/list-ingredients-and-allergens 5. Government of Canada: Canadian Food Inspection Agency. 2024. Front of package labelling. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/food-nutrition/nutrition-labelling/front-package.html 6. Health Canada. Canadian Ban on Trans Fats Comes into Force Today- News Release.2018. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/news/2018/09/canadian-ban-on-trans-fats-comes-into-force-today.html 7. Government of Canada: Canadian Food Inspection Agency. Nutrient Function Claims. 2024. https://inspection.canada.ca/en/food-labels/labelling/industry/health-claims#c9