Lecture 7: Food Labeling - II PDF

Summary

This document is a lecture on food labeling, specifically focusing on FDA nutrition labeling regulations in the USA, basic features of the current FDA nutrition label, and guideline daily amounts (GDAs). It includes information about prior nutrition label information, nutrients, current regulations, and provides tables with examples of daily guidelines.

Full Transcript

# Lecture 7: Food Labeling - II ## Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Ministry of Education Jazan University - Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences - Department of Clinical Nutrition ## Objectives By the end of this lecture, you should be aware of: 1. FDA Nutrition labeling regulations in the USA. 2. Basic fe...

# Lecture 7: Food Labeling - II ## Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Ministry of Education Jazan University - Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences - Department of Clinical Nutrition ## Objectives By the end of this lecture, you should be aware of: 1. FDA Nutrition labeling regulations in the USA. 2. Basic features of the Current FDA Nutrition label. 3. Guideline daily amounts (GDAs). ## FDA Nutrition Labeling Regulations in USA ### Prior nutrition label information In the mid-1970s, the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) began describing general nutrition information on food labels. ### Nutrients and food components that consumer groups wanted, listed on labels include: - The Macronutrient (Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins) - The total energy value (Kilocalories) of the macronutrient. - Key micronutrients (Vitamins and Minerals), Sodium, Cholesterol, and Saturated Fat. ## Current FDA Nutrition Labeling Regulations The nutrition labels that are now familiar on products on supermarket shelves were created as a requirement under the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990 (NLEA). The NLEA was developed by the FDA. ## Basic Features of the Current FDA Nutrition Label The label covers 5 main areas as shown in the Figure: 1. Nutrients and Energy. 2. Serving Size. 3. Definitions for Terms. 4. Label Formula. 5. Health Claim. ## Nutrition Facts Label The nutrition facts label has a table showing: - **Serving Size:** 1/2 cup (114 g) - **Servings Per Container:** 4 - **Calories:** 260 - **% Daily Value** for various nutrients: - Total Fat: 13 g (20%) - Saturated Fat: 5 g (25%) - Cholesterol: 30 mg (10%) - Sodium: 600 mg (28%) - Total Carbohydrate: 31 g (11%) - Dietary Fiber: 0 g (0%) - Sugar: 5 g - Protein: 5 g - Vitamin A: 4% - Vitamin C: 1% - Calcium: 15% - Iron: 4% ## Traffic Light Food Labeling Traffic Light food labeling is recommended because it can help consumers make healthier choices. Each nutrient is coded as **High, Medium, or Low** based on its quantity per serving. ### **High:** - Sugar: 42.2 g per serving. ### **Medium:** - Salt: 2.0 g per serving. ### **Low:** - Fat: 7.7 g per serving. - Saturates: 2.0 g per serving. ## 1- Nutrients and Energy The NLEA requires a food product to provide nutrient and energy information for the following: - Protein (in terms of amino acids quality) - Energy (as k-calories) - Fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K. - Water-soluble vitamins C, Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Pyridoxine (B6), Foliate, and Cobalamine (B12) - Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Iron, Zinc, Iodine, and Selenium. ## Daily Reference Values (DRVs) The term *Daily Reference Values* (DRVs) is listed on the Current FDA nutrition label for: - Nutrients such as Carbohydrates, Protein, Total Fat, Saturated Fats, Fiber, Cholesterol, Sodium, and Potassium. ## Energy Sources Energy sources (Fats, Carbohydrates, and Protein) are based on % of 2000-2500 k-calories diet. ## 2- Serving Size A standard serving size is set for a large food categories in quantities commonly eaten. - These quantities are expressed in common household measures. - USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) gave the standard serving size of meat and poultry products. ## 3- Definitions for terms To improve communication and consumers, everyone must work from the same FDA-supplied dictionary. In this dictionary, nine terms have been defined: - Free - Low - Lite or Light - Less - High - Source of - Fresh - Reduced ## Guideline Daily Amounts (GDAs) Some pre-package food provide information about GDAs. - GDAs are derived from the EARS (Estimated Average Daily Requirements) for energy for men and women, aged 19-50 y, normal weight and fitness. - Revised GDAs were published by the Institute of Grocery Distribution (IGD) in 2005. ## Example of GDAs The following table shows the Guideline Daily amounts (GDAs) for adults. Further details are available on the IGD website (www.igd.com). | GDAs | Women | Men | | -------------------------- | -------- | -------- | | Energy (kcal) | 2000 | 2500 | | Fat (g) | <70 | <95 | | % Total energy | <33 | <33 | | Saturates (g) | 20 | 30 | | % Total energy | 10 | 10 | | Total carbohydrate (g) | 230 | 300 | | % Total energy | >47 | >47 | | Total sugar (g) | <90 | <120 | | % Total energy | <19 | <19 | | Salt (g) | 6 | 6 |

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