Lecture 2 - Introduction to Mechatronics PDF

# Mechanics of Machines and Vibrations ## Introduction to Mechatronics - **Dr. Mohamed Eraky** - Production and Mechanical Design Engineering Department - Mansoura University ### Introduction to Mechatronics - The term "Mechatronics" was first assigned by Mr. Tetsuro Mori, a senior engineer of the...

# Mechanics of Machines and Vibrations ## Introduction to Mechatronics - **Dr. Mohamed Eraky** - Production and Mechanical Design Engineering Department - Mansoura University ### Introduction to Mechatronics - The term "Mechatronics" was first assigned by Mr. Tetsuro Mori, a senior engineer of the Japanese company Yaskawa, in 1969. - The word "mechatronics" was registered as trademark by the company in Japan with the registration number of "46-32714" in 1971. - **Mechatronics** is a multidisciplinary field of science that includes a combination of mechanical engineering, electronics, computer engineering, telecommunications engineering, systems engineering and control engineering. - It specifically refers to multidisciplinary approach to product and Manufacturing system design. - Mechatronics basically refers to mechanical electronic systems and normally described as a synergistic integration of mechanical engineering, electronics and intelligent computer control in design and manufacture of products and processes. - In other words: synergistic integration of mechanical engineering, electronic engineering, computer technology and control engineering in development of electromechanical products, through an integrated design approach. ### Definition and Applications Area of Mechatronics - **Mechatronics** is the combination of: - **Digital Control Systems** - **Computers** - **Mechanical CAD** - **Mechanical Systems** - **Electro-mechanics** - **Control Systems** - **Control Electronics** - **Electronic Systems** - **Mechatronics** is commonly used in: - Automotive - Aerospace - Medical - Xerography - Manufacturing - Consumer Products - Defense Systems ### Structure of Mechatronics System - **Mechanical System** - system model - dynamic response - **Actuators** - solenoids, voice coils - DC motors - stepper motors - servo motors - hydraulics, pneumatics - **Sensors** - switches - strain gage - potentiometer - thermocouple - photoelectrics - accelerometer - digital encoder - MEMS - **Input Signal Conditioning and Interfacing** - discrete circuits - filters - amplifiers - A/D, D/D - **Output Signal Conditioning and Interfacing** - D/A, D/D - amplifiers - power transistors - power op amps - PWM - **Digital Control Architectures** - logic circuits - sequencing and timing - microcontroller - logic and arithmetic - SBC - control algorithms - PLC - communication - **Graphical Displays** - LEDs - LCD - digital displays - CRT ### Components of Mechatronics System 1. **Actuators:** Produce motion or cause some action. DC motor, Stepper motors, servomotors, hydraulics, pneumatics 2. **Sensors:** Detect the state of the system parameters, inputs and outputs. Switches, Potentiometer, Strain gauge, Thermocouple, digital encoder 3. **Input signal conditioning and interfacing:** Provide connection b/w the control circuits and the I/P Discrete circuits, Amplifiers, Filters, A/D,D/D 4. **Digital control architectures:** Control the system. Logic circuits, microcontroller, PLC 5. **Output signal conditioning and interfacing:** Provide connection b/w the control circuits and the O/P D/A, D/D, Amplifiers, Power transisters. 6. **Graphical Display:** Provide visual feedback to users. LEDs, Digital displays, LCD, CRT ### Levels of Mechatronics System 1. **Primary Level:** Integrates electrical signaling with mechanical action at the basic control level. e.g.: fluid valves and relay switches. 2. **Secondary Level:** Integrates microelectronics into electrically controlled devices. e.g. cassette tape player. 3. **Tertiary Level:** Incorporates advanced control strategy using microelectronics, microprocessors and other application specific integrated circuits. e.g. microprocessor based electrical motor used for actuation purpose in robots. A large factory system that is also a distributed system but which links a number of major subsystems such as machining centers, robots for part handling, automated inspection stations etc, 4. **Quaternary Level:** This level attempts to improve smartness a step ahead by introducing intelligence ( artificial neural network and fuzzy logic) and fault detection and isolation ( F.D.I.) capability into the system. A system that incorporates intelligent control or artificial intelligence, for ex: humanoid robot. ### Advantages of Mechatronics System - Cost effective and Very good quality. - High degree of flexibility. - Greater productivity. - Higher quantity and producing reliability. - Greater extent of machine utilization. - Maintenance cost is less. - Machining of complex designs can be done. ### Disadvantages of Mechatronics System - High initial cost. - Skilled worker is required. - Fault detection s complex. - Complicated design and system ### Characteristics of Mechatronics System - High quality product. - High reliability and Safety. - Low cost. - Portable. - Produced quickly. - Serviceability, maintainability and upgradability. ### Applications of Mechatronics System - Automotives. - Flexible manufacturing systems(FMS). - Measurement systems. - Cd/DVD and setup boxes. - Robots employed in inspection and welding operations. - Scanners/photocopier/fax. - Automatic washing machines. - Air conditioners, elevator controls. ### Scope of Mechatronics System - Better design of products. - Better process planning. - Reliable and quality oriented manufacturing. - Intelligent process and production control. - Manufacturing of complex parts. - More Accurate and more precision of jobs. ### System - **System** is a group of physical components combined to perform a specific function. All mechatronics devices consist of systems. A system can be considered as a box that has an input and an output. - **A control system** can be considered as a device that is used to control the output of the system to a desired value. - Ex: domestic air-conditioning ### Example – Motor (System) - Input: electric power - Output: rotation ### Example – Electric Generator (System) - Input: Mechanical rotation - Output: Electric power ### Example – Spring (System) - Input: force - Output: extension ### Example – Thermometer (System) - Input: temp. - Output: number on a scale ### Thank You The document describes the fundamentals of Mechatronics, explaining its definition, application areas, advantages, disadvantages, and characteristics. The document also describes the structure and components of a Mechatronics system, and discusses the different system levels with examples. The document concludes with a brief explanation of a system in general.