The State of the Philippine Environment PDF

The State of the Philippine Environment  Agriculture plays its huge role in The Philippines the economy of the country Population: 30 million ha of total land area Its environment— ? Agriculture land areas in the Philippines, an archipelago of 7,107 islands with a total land area of 30 m...

The State of the Philippine Environment  Agriculture plays its huge role in The Philippines the economy of the country Population: 30 million ha of total land area Its environment— ? Agriculture land areas in the Philippines, an archipelago of 7,107 islands with a total land area of 30 million hectares, have declined to 13.32 million hectares in 2018, resulting in lower farm output across different commodities. In 2020, the total land area used for agricultural crop cultivation in the Philippines was around 13.42 million hectares. The land area used for agricultural crop cultivation in the country was mainly used for cultivating palay, corn, and coconut. The Philippines The current population of Philippines is 115,617,689 based on projections of the latest United Nations data. The UN estimates the July 1, 2022 population at 115,559,009. The Philippines As of 01:09 PM January 31, 2025 As of 01:25 PM Feb 14, 2025 The Philippines The green environment includes the forest ecosystem, critical habitats and biodiversity and the agricultural ecosystem. The blue environment covers those that pertain to water resources such as watersheds, water supply and the coastal and marine ecosystems. The brown environment includes the urban ecosystem with the issues on water and air quality, solid wastes, toxic and hazardous wastes and the Indicators of climate change, activities of industries which impinge upon the green, blue and brown environments The Philippines The carrying capacity of the environment, which sets the limits for it to provide these services, is manifested in key environmental and economic status indicators ecological or ecosystem functions and services influence public and private decisions, priorities and behavior, which consequently affects human development and its dimensions of empowerment, sustainability, human security, individual well-being and happiness, civil and community well-being, demographic trens, decent work, education and health The Philippines Indicate that the state of human development also influences public and private sector behavior or human activities and these in turn have impacts on the environment. The State of the… The State of the… The State of the… The State of the… GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT – Climate change and other global issues covered by Multilateral Environmental Agreements – Extreme vulnerability to environmental hazards and climate-related risks – Impacts of extreme weather events and climate change The State of the… INSTITUTIONAL ISSUES – Implementation is confused by overlapping and conflicting policies – Government capacity for resource management is wanting: overlapping jurisdictions, technical expertise, information systems – Enforcement of environmental laws and policies is inadequate – Absence of a financing strategy for environment and natural resources programs and climate change adaptation The Green Environment Forest Ecosystem – Forest resource degradation has been a recurrent issue for decades and is unlikely to change, especially for the commercially attractive forest resources such as old-growth forests, pine forests, rattan forests, and mangroves (WB, 2009) – increases in rural populations due to high fertility and in-migration, poverty and deforestation (2011- 2016 Medium Term Philippine Development Plan) The Green Environment Forest Ecosystem – Land Distribution 14.19 million ha or 47% are certified alienable and disposable (A & D) lands The Green Environment Forest Ecosystem – Land Distribution 15.81 million ha or 53% are total forestlands The Green Environment Forest Ecosystem – Land 15.05 millionDistribution ha of total classified forestlands, 3.27 million ha or 22% of these are established forest reserves; 10.056 million ha or 69% are established timberland; 1.34 million ha are national parks, game refuge and bird sanctuaries and wilderness areas; 0.126 million ha are military and naval reservations; 0.166 million ha are civil reservations; 0.091 million ha are fishponds The Green Environment Forest Ecosystem – Land Distribution The country‘s ―forest cover declined from about 21 million ha, or 70% of the total land area, in 1900 to only 5.4 million ha, or 18.3%, in 1988 (ADB 5th CEA, 2008) The Green Environment Forest Ecosystem – Land Distribution The country‘s ―forest cover declined from about 21 million ha, or 70% of the total land area, in 1900 to only 5.4 million ha, or 18.3%, in 1988 (ADB 5th CEA, 2008) The Green Environment Forest Ecosystem – Deforestation and Reforestation deforestation rate in the 1980‘s was about 316,000 ha per year (DENR) decreased to about 89,000 ha per year in the 1990‘s (FAO 2005) The Green Environment Forest Ecosystem – Deforestation and Reforestation Leading causes of deforestation are land conversion, shifting cultivation, forest fires, over-logging, illegal logging and natural causes such as typhoons, strong winds and forest fires. 2006 to 2008, damages due to forest fires amounted to PhP 33 million (DENR Compendium of ENR Statistics for Operations and Management (2000- 2008). The Green Environment Forest Ecosystem – Deforestation and Reforestation reforestation, from 1994 to 2009, there was an average reforestation rate of 36,358 ha per year, i.e., 24,081 ha or 66.2% by the government sector led by the DENR and 12,277 ha by the non- government sector The latter involves the timber licensees, holders of forest tenurial instruments and other private organizations Consolidated from the DENR-FMB. 2009 Philippine Forestry Statistics and the DENR Compendium of ENR Statistics for Operations and Management The Green Environment Forest Ecosystem – Deforestation and Reforestation More than 200,000 ha were reforested in from 2000 to 2008, the largest being in 2008, with about 43,610 ha. In 2009, the Cordillera Administrative Region posted the largest area reforested area with 7,775 ha (14%) followed by Region 5 at 6.042 ha (11%). Despite increased reforestation efforts, the Philippines ranks 11th among 89 tropical countries where per capita forest area is lowest Consolidated from the DENR-FMB. 2009 Philippine Forestry Statistics and the DENR Compendium of ENR Statistics for Operations and Management The Green Environment Forest Ecosystem – Deforestation and Reforestation More than 200,000 ha were reforested in from 2000 to 2008, the largest being in 2008, with about 43,610 ha. In 2009, the Cordillera Administrative Region posted the largest area reforested area with 7,775 ha (14%) followed by Region 5 at 6.042 ha (11%). Despite increased reforestation efforts, the Philippines ranks 11th among 89 tropical countries where per capita forest area is lowest