Lecture 1 B - Introduction To Healthcare Organizational Behaviour

Health Management Program Health Organization Behavior Chapter-1 B Introduction to Organizational Behavior in Healthcare By the end of this section the students will be able to : Define Organizational Behavior Significance of organizational behavior Identify Organizational behavior conce...

Health Management Program Health Organization Behavior Chapter-1 B Introduction to Organizational Behavior in Healthcare By the end of this section the students will be able to : Define Organizational Behavior Significance of organizational behavior Identify Organizational behavior concepts Discuss the peculiarity of organizational behavior in healthcare settings Challenges and opportunities facing organizational behavior in healthcare nowadays Managers: roles, responsibilities and skills  Definition of Organizational Behavior Organization: Two or more people who continuously perform tasks to achieve a common goal  Definition of Organizational Behavior Organizational Behavior: The study of individual behavior and group dynamics in organization setting  Goals Organizational Behavior Understands the internal and external factors that affect behavioral responses why individuals and groups behave the way they do in an Explains organizational setting how individuals and groups will behave on the basis of internal Predicts and external factors For managers to assist in the management of individuals’ and Provides tools groups’ behaviors to motivate them to enhance their performance and accomplish the organizational goals  Organizational Behavior Effects of working conditions on productivity Important influence of human factors on worker productivity  Organizational culture Organizational culture : (How things are done around) “Shared values, principles, traditions, and ways of doing things that influence the way organizational members act.” Plays an important role in maintaining the teamwork's effectiveness and job satisfaction → affect the provider’s performance  Organizational culture A good organizational culture: Brings work satisfaction, which, in turn, is associated with higher overall organizational productivity. A poor Organizational culture: No direction Poor job satisfaction High rate of absenteeism and associated economic burdens Different Levels of Analysis in Organizational Behavior Organizational Level Group Level Individual Level  Different Levels of Analysis in Organizational Behavior Individual level : Job satisfaction Motivation Empowerment Ethical behavior Group level: Working in teams Working in a diverse group  Different Levels of Analysis in Organizational Behavior Organizational level: Productivity: effectiveness + efficiency Quality of care (healthcare settings) Competition in a rapidly moving world Patient/customer satisfaction  Organizational Behavior in Healthcare Organizational behavior in healthcare settings has become significant because: People of diverse backgrounds and cultural values have to work together effectively and efficiently. Future trends and challenges in healthcare industries that are important for OB Patients are becoming older and more diverse Technology & Biomedical and genetic research and advancements in information technology: produce rapid changes in treatment Patients are better informed: higher expectations. Focus on patient satisfaction and quality of services Future trends and challenges in healthcare industries that are important for OB Increase in the use of evidence-based medicine Shortages of staff Emergence of diseases & evolution of resistant pathogens: e.g., pandemic Future trends and challenges in healthcare industries that are important for OB Towards Integrated healthcare delivery networks Traditional Team-managed hierarchical environments structures  Manager’s tasks Managers need to understand the causes of workplace problems such as reasons for: Low performance Turnover Conflict Stress  Manager’s tasks Responsibilities: Provide direction to achieve organizational goals (Plan-Organize- Lead-Control) Make decisions Allocate resources Accomplish tasks through people Motivate Empower Communicate effectively  Manager’s responsibilities Planning: Defining an organization’s goals and direction Develop a strategy to achieve this goal Coordinate a set of plans to achieve the goal(s) Organizing: Organize tasks that need to be done and prioritize them Assign tasks to individuals/groups/teams Assign who reports to whom Identify where are decision made  Manager’s responsibilities Leading: Direct and coordinate people Controlling: Monitoring performance Compare performance to set goals Determine if goals need to be adjusted or the way the staff is working towards the goals Decision making Daily decisions Long term decisions (operations of (future direction of workplace) the business)  Theory X and Theory Y A significant impact in the development of OB came from Douglas McGregor (1957, 1960) when he proposed two theories by which managers view their employees: ▪ Theory X (negative/pessimistic) ▪ Theory Y (positive/optimistic). Theories X and Y reflect polar positions and are ways of seeing and thinking about people, which, in turn, affect their behavior  Theory X and Theory Y Theory X is based on negative assumptions regarding the typical worker. This management style assumes that the typical worker has little ambition, avoids responsibility, and is individual-goal oriented. In general Theory Y is based on positive assumptions regarding the typical worker. Theory Y managers assume employees are internally motivated, enjoy their jobs, and work to better themselves without a direct reward in return. Theory X and Theory Y Manager’s Beliefs Manager’s Role and Skills ❑Role: ❑Skills: Interpersonal Technical skills Informational Interpersonal skills Decisional Intellectual/Analytical skills  Manager’s Role and Skills Managers could fail when: There is difficulty in managing change Not being able to work well in teams Poor interpersonal relations References Abass, G., Asery, A., Al-Tannir, M., Heena, H., AlFayyad, I. and Al-Badr, A., 2018. Organizational Culture at a Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia: A Mixed Approach Study. Cureus, 10(12). Borkowski, N. and Meese, K.A., 2020. Organizational behavior in health care. Jones & Bartlett Learning. Erasmus and Strategic Partnership for Youth. 2015. Business Management and Organization: Global Innovative Leadership Module. Retrieved in August 2021, from: https://ec.europa.eu/programmes/erasmus-plus/project-result-content/9a1c8bee-11f3- 48f0-8e25- c86b14cf445a/Business%20Management%20And%20Organization%20Booklet.pdf Thank You