Histology Lecture: Blood (PDF)

Faculty of Medicine Histology Lecture : Blood Dr. Sarwat L. A. Abdel-Latif 25/11/2024 General Histology Blood  Types of Body Tissues Epithelial Connective Muscular Nervous tissue Tissue Tissue Tissue ...

Faculty of Medicine Histology Lecture : Blood Dr. Sarwat L. A. Abdel-Latif 25/11/2024 General Histology Blood  Types of Body Tissues Epithelial Connective Muscular Nervous tissue Tissue Tissue Tissue  Composition of Connective Tissue Cells Matrix Fibers ‫طوب‬ ‫أسمنت‬ ‫أسياخ‬  Types of Connective Tissue C.T is classified according to composition of matrix into: Blood C.T Proper Cartilage Bone Fluid Matrix Soft Matrix Rubbery Matrix Hard Matrix  Blood Def:  Dark red viscid alkaline fluid [pH 7.4]  Accounts for 7% of body weight  The total volume of blood in adult is about 5 litres  Composition of Blood ٍSolid matter [45%] Plasma [55%] RBCs WBCs Platelets Erythrocytes Leukocytes [RBCs] WBCs  Erythrocytes [RBCs] Leukocytes [WBCs] Types 1 type 5 types No 4.5 : 5.5 millions/mm3 blood 4,000 : 11,000/mm3 blood Diameter 7.5 m 6 : 18 m Life span 4 months (ca. 120 days) Few days years Shape Biconcave disc Spherical Contents Not true cells True cells [No nuclei or organelles, [Contain nuclei & organelles Contain only Hb] but no Hb] Color Greenish yellow Colorless  Erythrocytes [RBCs] Leukocytes [WBCs] Development Red bone marrow Red bone marrow + Lymphatic tissues Osmotic Affected by changes in More resistant Pressure osmotic pressure [Fragile] Movement No spontaneous movement Amoeboid movement Function Carry O2 & CO2 (while Phagocytosis & Immunity inside blood vessels) (outside blood vessels) Site Blood Blood, Lymph + C.T RBCs + WBCs + Platelets  White Blood Cells (Leukocytes) Granular Non-granular  Neutrophils 60-75%  Lymphocytes 20-30%  Eosinophils 1-4%  Monocytes 3-8%  Basophils 0-1%  Granular Leukocytes Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils Percentage 60-75% 1-4% 0-1% Diameter 10-12 m 10-14 m 10-12 m Life span 4 days 8 days 12 days  Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils L.M: Nucleus Segmented [2-5 lobes] Horseshoe-shaped S-shaped Cytoplasm Neutrophilic (pale) Acidophilic granules Basophilic granules granules E.M Few organelles + Numerous Lysosomes containing enzymes Function 1-Phagocytosis of 1-Kill parasites Secrete histamine, heparin bacteria 2-Termination of allergy & eosinophil chemotactic 2-Formation of pus [Destroy histamine & factor Heparin] Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils  Non-Granular Leukocytes Lymphocytes Monocytes Percentage 20-30% 3-8% Diameter 6-15 m 14-18 m Life span & -Weeks to years in blood or 3 days in blood sites lymph & lymphatic tissue: L.Ns, 3 months in tissues Spleen, Tonsils, Thymus…  Non-Granular Leukocytes Lymphocytes Monocytes L.M Nucleus Dark & rounded Kidney-shaped Cytoplasm Very scanty & basophilic Abundant & basophilic E.M Very few organelles Pseudopodia, many lysosomes Function T-lymphocytes → Cellular immunity Phagocytosis of any foreign B-lymphocytes → Humoral immunity matter, eg. bacteria [Antibodies] Lymphocytes Monocytes  Platelets Number: Average 250,000/mm3 blood Diameter: 2 : 4 m Life span: 5 : 10 days L.M: Oval non-nucleated bodies [Not true cells] E.M: Many granules containing clotting factors, growth factors & serotonin  Platelets Function: Hemostasis [Stop bleeding] 1- Blood clotting by clotting factors 2- Vasoconstriction by serotonin Platelets  Practical slides of this session. ?  LM of a blood film. ?  LM of a blood film. ?  LM of neutrophil lymphocytes. ?  LM of an eosinophil lymphocyte. ?  LM of a basophil lymphocyte. ?  LM of monocyte. ?  LM of a lymphocyte. ?  LM of platelets (in a blood film).