Music 3 Baroque Period Learning Guide PDF

Subject Code: MUSIC 3 History and Characteristics of Western Music Module Code: 3.0 Music of the Baroque Period (1600-1750) Lesson Code: 3.1 Brief Historical Background of Music of the Baroque Period Time Limit: 30 minutes...

Subject Code: MUSIC 3 History and Characteristics of Western Music Module Code: 3.0 Music of the Baroque Period (1600-1750) Lesson Code: 3.1 Brief Historical Background of Music of the Baroque Period Time Limit: 30 minutes TA ATA Components Tasks (in (in mins) mins) Target At the end of the lesson 3.2 student will be able to: ⚫ trace the commonalities and differences of Baroque Music 1 vis-à-vis different world cultures: its functions, roles of minute musicians in society, and its performance practice Hook Listen to these excerpts of “Summer” and “Winter” by Antonio Vivaldi (until 3:00 minutes only) and imagine what the song 11 wants to tell its listeners. minute s Violin Sonata No. 5 Opus 24 "Spring" - 1st Movement by Beethoven (Mine Version): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rgZNPuN- oUU&t=10s (an excerpt from the famous anime Nodame Cantabile) Guide questions: 1. What emotions can you feel from the musical excerpt? ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 2. What kind of scenery do you imagine when you heard the songs? ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 3. What do you think is the message of these songs? ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ Ignite History of the Baroque Period 11 Baroque, from the Portuguese word barroco meaning an oddly minute shaped pearl, s has meant bizarre, flamboyant, and elaborately ornamented. After the Renaissance period, such style was preferred especially by the aristocracy. Louis XIV of France held his events in the palace of Versailles where grandiose and impressive baroque paintings and architecture, with hired musicians playing on the background, symbolizes royalty, wealth, and power. During this period, entertainment was a must to avoid boredom for the royalties (Kamien, 2008). MUSIC 3 Page 1 of 6 © 2020 Philippine Science High School System. All rights reserved. This document may contain proprietary information and may only be released to third parties with approval of management. Document is uncontrolled unless otherwise marked; uncontrolled documents are not subject to update notification.  It seemed to be a requirement for the rich and elite class to employ orchestra, chapel choir, and opera singers. The number of members of these groups depends on the royal court’s wealth. Musicians were in favor of the aristocrats so they must please the taste of these people. These musicians applied for positions as court musicians by taking examinations, submitting their compositions, and some non-musical requirements like forced marriage (this was turned down by Bach and Handel because part of the condition to be hired was to marry the organist’s daughter!). The churches were also grand, that aside from an organ and a choir, there was also an orchestra to add music to the church masses. For the ordinary people, it was only during church services that they were able to hear music since there were few concerts available for them and they were rarely invited to the royal courts. Treatment like this did not stop them to love music, though. Musicians also often played with amateurs, like a music get-together in private homes (as shown in the photo below). Figure 1: The Concert by Nicholas Tournier. Retrieved August 2020 from https://en.wahooart.com It was also during this time that there were immense scientific discoveries. People finally accepted Copernicus’ theory that the earth is not the center of the universe, while Galileo’s work advanced our understanding of the cosmos. There was also the invention of the telescope where what was once unknown became known to humankind. European economy prospered with foreign trade and colonization, making people acquainted with what they were previously unfamiliar about.. Talented artists were also developing new techniques in the field of art. Thus, it is not surprising that the music created during this time, despite being forgotten until the 20th century, became a favorite to many music lovers. (Dunnett, 2020) MUSIC 3 Page 2 of 6 © 2020 Philippine Science High School System. All rights reserved. This document may contain proprietary information and may only be released to third parties with approval of management. Document is uncontrolled unless otherwise marked; uncontrolled documents are not subject to update notification.  Baroque music began with the first attempts at opera in Italy and ended with the death of Johann Sebastian Bach. Characteristics of Baroque Music During the baroque period, voices were accompanied by melodic lines designed for instruments. In Figure 2, you can see a singer being accompanied by a flutist and a lute player. Figure 2: The Concert by Hendrick Ter Brugghen Retrieved August 2020 from https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk Unity of Mood - A baroque piece is commonly expressed in one mood: if it begins in a joyful tone, it will remain joyful throughout the song. - Happiness, sadness, agitation (called before as affections) were the common emotions represented in compositions. Rhythm - Rhythmic patterns found at the start of a piece are repeated in the entire song. - Continuity of rhythm further emphasizes to the unity of mood. Melody - The opening melody is heard over and over again in a baroque piece. - The character of the piece also remains constant. - Baroque melodies sound so elaborate that they are hard to sing or there is no song recall. Dynamics - Because there is continuity of rhythm and melody, the dynamics, volume, also remains constant. - If there is a shift in the dynamics, it is usually abrupt. MUSIC 3 Page 3 of 6 © 2020 Philippine Science High School System. All rights reserved. This document may contain proprietary information and may only be released to third parties with approval of management. Document is uncontrolled unless otherwise marked; uncontrolled documents are not subject to update notification.  - Gradual transition from crescendo to decrescendo were rarely observed in baroque pieces. - Organ and harpsichord were the most commonly used keyboard instruments because it suits the kind of dynamics of baroque compositions. Texture - Late baroque music is dominated by polyphonic texture where two or more melodic lines are combined to contend for the audience’s attention. - Soprano and bass were considered the most important voices. - Vocal music shifts in texture and was sometimes expressed in homophonic style. - Bach’s pieces leaned towards polyphonic texture while Handel preferred a contrast between polyphonic and homophonic styles. Chords and the Basso Continuo (Figure Bass) - Chords became an important part of pieces during the baroque period compared to the earlier times where the concern was on the individuality of melodic lines. - The interest in chords gave way to the most characteristic feature of baroque music which is an accompaniment called basso continuo or figured bass. - Continuo is commonly played by at least two instruments (keyboard instrument and a low melodic instrument such as cello or bassoon). - It offered to highlight the bass part in compositions aside from giving a constant movement of chords. Figure 3: Basso Continuo Retrieved August 2020 from https://www.liberaldictionary.com Words and Music - Baroque music also used word painting (if you remember the Renaissance discussion on word painting) where the music depicted or showed what the words mean. - For example, the word heaven is set on a high tone while hell has a low tone. - Rising scales were presented in an upward motion, and descending scales were expressed in the opposite. MUSIC 3 Page 4 of 6 © 2020 Philippine Science High School System. All rights reserved. This document may contain proprietary information and may only be released to third parties with approval of management. Document is uncontrolled unless otherwise marked; uncontrolled documents are not subject to update notification.  - Descending scales were linked with grief and suffering, like a lamentation. - Words used for the compositions displayed the virtuosity of a singer, especially for the rapid notes in a syllable. - Words and phrases were also repeated throughout the song. Navigate GRADED FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT NO.1 6 I. TRUE or FALSE minutes Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is correct. If it is FALSE, change the underlined word. 1. Baroque period is the time of rebirth. 2. Word painting means the music is expressed according to its words. 3. Baroque music is characterized by repetitions. 4. Baroque period ended with the death of Pachelbel. 5. For an extravagant and grand expression of compositions, Baroque music has different emotions presented on each piece. II. ENUMERATION. Name at least 5 facts about the Baroque period in music. III. ESSAY. In only three sentences, explain the following. (5 points each) 1. What is the role of the musicians during the baroque period? _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 2. What makes Baroque period different from the other eras of music? _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ Knot The Baroque period, which flourished from 1600 to 1750, was famous for its grandiose, extravagant, flamboyant, dramatic, and 1 energetic spirit with a diverse style of expression. Because the minute musicians were at a competition with others to be recognized by the royal courts, they made sure to create masterpieces that stand out from the rest by making their pieces glamorous in its forms. The royalty demanded spectacular entertainment as this represents their wealth, power, and fame thus, if anyone can hear baroque compositions in the present day, the one thing that could come into the mind of the listener is that it sounds so luxurious. MUSIC 3 Page 5 of 6 © 2020 Philippine Science High School System. All rights reserved. This document may contain proprietary information and may only be released to third parties with approval of management. Document is uncontrolled unless otherwise marked; uncontrolled documents are not subject to update notification.  Prepared by: Reviewed by: IRISH M. ROCHA JONA JOY G. PALADA Position: Position: Special Science Teacher (SST) I Special Science Teacher (SST) III Campus: PSHS-BRC Campus: PSHS-SMC REFERENCES: Dunnett, B. (2020).Renaissance music. Music Theory Academy Kamien, R.(2008).Music:An appreciation.McGraw-Hill Companies Inc., New York City, NY VIDEOS: Antonio Vivaldi - Summer (Full) - The Four Seasons: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KY1p-FmjT1M Antonio Vivaldi - Winter (Full) - The Four Seasons: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TZCfydWF48c IMAGES: Figure 1: The Concert by Nicholas Tournier Retrieved August 2020 from https://en.wahooart.com/Art.nsf/O/9GZNFP/$File/NicolasTournier-ESRobertConcert.JPG Figure 2: The Concert by Hendrick Ter Brugghen Retrieved August 2020 from https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/hendrick-ter-brugghen-the-concert Figure 3: Basso Continuo Retrieved August 2020 from https://www.liberaldictionary.com/basso-continuo/ MUSIC 3 Page 6 of 6 © 2020 Philippine Science High School System. All rights reserved. This document may contain proprietary information and may only be released to third parties with approval of management. Document is uncontrolled unless otherwise marked; uncontrolled documents are not subject to update notification.