Larynx Anatomy Notes PDF

LARYNX It is a hollow Musculo-ligamentous structure with a cartilaginous framework. It protects the lower respiratory tract. It is present in front of the neck anterior to the pharynx. It extends between C4 and C6 vertebrae. It acts as a valve to close the lower respiratory tract protecting it from...

LARYNX It is a hollow Musculo-ligamentous structure with a cartilaginous framework. It protects the lower respiratory tract. It is present in front of the neck anterior to the pharynx. It extends between C4 and C6 vertebrae. It acts as a valve to close the lower respiratory tract protecting it from passage of foreign bodies. ANATOMY OF THE LARYNX 1-A cartilaginous skeleton. 2- Membranes and ligaments. 3- Muscles (intrinsic and extrinsic). 4- Mucosal lining. Cartilaginous skeleton- all the cartilages are hyaline, except the epiglottis which is formed of elastic cartilage. Cartilages are connected by joints, ligaments and membranes and moved by muscles. Thyroid gives adams apple Cricoid: is ring like and continue below larynx as the trachea. Epiglottis: leaf like cartilage behind the tongue. Hyoepiglottic ligament: Connects the epiglottis to the hyoid bone. Thyroepiglottic ligament: Connects the epiglottis to thyroid cartilage Muscles: Divided into two groups: Extrinsic muscles: divided into two groups Elevators of the larynx Depressors of the larynx Intrinsic muscles: divided into two groups Muscles controlling the laryngeal inlet Muscles controlling the movements of the vocal cords Extrinsic muscles act to move larynx superiorly and inferiorly. BLOOD SUPPLY Arteries: Upper half: Superior laryngeal artery, branch of superior thyroid artery. Lower half: Inferior laryngeal artery, branch of inferior thyroid artery. Lymphatics: The lymph vessels drain into the deep cervical lymph nodes. NERVE SUPPLY Above vocal cord- Internal laryngeal N Below vocal cord- Recurrent laryngeal N