Lab No 13: Arm Muscles, Vessels, and Nerves PDF

Lab no 13 Arm: muscles, vessels, nerves Learning objectives 1. To identify the muscles of the arm 2. To know origin, insertion, innervation and action of them 3. To identify the main arteries and veins of the arm 4. To know the origin, traject and arterial branches 5. To know the origin...

Lab no 13 Arm: muscles, vessels, nerves Learning objectives 1. To identify the muscles of the arm 2. To know origin, insertion, innervation and action of them 3. To identify the main arteries and veins of the arm 4. To know the origin, traject and arterial branches 5. To know the origin and tributaries of the main veins 6. To identify the nerves of the arm 7. To know the origin, traject and teritories of distribution of them The anterior compartment Coracobrahialis muscle: Origin - Apex of coracoid process Insertion - Midshaft of humerus on medial side Innervation - Musculocutaneous nerve Action - Flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint The anterior compartment Biceps brachii muscle: Origin - Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula - Short head: apex of coracoid process Insertion - Radial tuberosity Innervation - Musculocutaneous nerve Action - Flexes the arm - Supinates the forearm - Flexes the forearm  The anterior compartment Brachialis muscle is the deepest muscle of the anterior compartment Origin - medial and lateral surfaces of humerus Insertion - Tuberosity of ulna Innervation - Musculocutaneous nerve Action - Powerful flexor of the forearm at the elbow joint Arteries of the anterior compartment Brachial artery Origin - Axillary artery Traiect - In proximal arm lies on the medial side - In distal arm lies laterally Branches - Profunda brachii artery (it gives of radial collateral and middle collateral arteries) - Humeral nutrient artery - Superior ulnar collateral artery - Inferior ulnar collateral artery Veins of the anterior compartment Superfial venous system consists of veins located immediatelly under the skin. Their bluish color may be seen through skin. Deep venous system is made of from all veins which are joining the arteries of the arm. They are placed deeply, between the muscles. Superficial veins of anterior compartment Basilic vein passes vertically in the distal half of the arm and assumes a medial position to the brachial artery. Cephalic vein passes superiorly on the anterolateral aspect of the arm and through the anterior wall of the axilla to reach the axillary vein. Deep veins of the anterior compartment Brachial veins: - are paired - they pass along the medial and lateral sides of the brachial artery, - They receive tributaries that accompany branches of the artery Nerves of the anterior compartment Musculocutaneous nerve: - Leaves the axilla and enters the arm by passing through the coracobrachialis muscle - It is placed between biceps brachii and brachialis muscles - Innervates all the anterior compartment of the arm - Innervates the skin on the lateral surface of the forearm  Posterior muscular compartment Triceps brachii is the only muscle of the posterior compartiment of the arm. Origin - Long head infraglenoid scapular tubercle - Medial head humerus posterior surface of the shaft - Lateral head humerus, posterior surface Insertion - Olecranon Innervation - Radial nerve Function - Extension of the forearmat the elbow joint  Arteries and veins of posterior compartment Profunda brachii artery: - Originates from brachialis artery, is the largest branch of it - Gives off branches: radial collateral artery, middle collateral artery - It joins the posterior compartment with the radial nerve Veins are joinning the arteries and are named the same as arteries. Posteriorly in the arm are only deep veins.  Nerves of posterior compartment Radial nerve - Originated from posterior cord of the brachial plexus - Enters the arm by crossing the inferior margin of the teres major muscle - Enters the posterior interval accompanied by profunda brachii artery - Innervates triceps brachii, brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus - Innervates skin from posterior compartment of the forearm. Quiz About thoraco-lumbar fascia are true: a. It covers the deep muscles of antero-lateral muscles of the trunk b. It is continuous with the deep fascia in the neck c. It covers the latissimus dorsi muscle d. It is attached superiorly to the occipital protuberance e. It is attached medially only to the spinous processes of all thoracic vertebrae Trapezius muscle is innervated by : a. Thoracodorsal nerve b. Dorsal scapular nerve c. Cervical spinous nerves C3 to C4 d. Accesory nerve e. Cervical spinous nerves C4 to C5 About serratus posterior and superior muscle are true: a. It belongs to the deep layer of the muscles of the back b. It is located under longissimus muscle c. It is innervated by thoracodorsal nerve d. It is an extrinsic muscle of the back e. It is innervated by anterior rami of upper cervical nerves About multifidus muscles everything is true, except: a. They are deep muscles of the back b. They are extrinsec muscles c. They are placed under serratus posterior inferior muscle d. They are transversospinales muscles e. They are placed underneath thoracolumbar fascia In the pectoral region are found, except: a. Pectoralis major muscle b. Clavipectoral fascia c. Breast d. External intercostal muscles e. Subclavius muscle Serratus anterior muscle is innervated by a branch of the brachial plexus, named: a. Thoracodorsal nerve b. Long thoracic nerve c. Superior subscapular nerve d. Suprascapular nerve e. Axillary nerve