L7wt7 20 Mark Important Questions for Internals (Logic) PDF

# Chapter 1: Decision Procedure - STTM is an indirect method. - Negation is a monadic operator. - Contradiction is always false. - The statement form which is always true is called as tautology. - STTM is a decision procedure which is based on reductio-ad absurdum method. # Chapter 2: Deductive Pr...

# Chapter 1: Decision Procedure - STTM is an indirect method. - Negation is a monadic operator. - Contradiction is always false. - The statement form which is always true is called as tautology. - STTM is a decision procedure which is based on reductio-ad absurdum method. # Chapter 2: Deductive Proof - In indirect proof method we always start by denying the conclusion. - The rule of inference can be applied to whole statement only. - In conditional proof, the antecedent of conclusion is assumed. - Indirect proof is the deductive proof method which is based on the principle of reductio-ad-absurdum method. # Chapter 3: Predicate Logic - A singular proposition states that whether an individual posses or does not posses a certain property/attribute. - General proposition makes an assertion about class or classes. - A Propositional function is neither true not false. - Predicate constant stands for specific property/attribute. - Universal quantifier is (X). - The expression 'Given anything' is an Universal Quantifier. - The variable which is neither apart of a quantifier not preceded by on appropriate quantifier is called as free variable. - The expression that there is at least one x is an existential quantifier. # Chapter 4: Traditional Logic - Aristotle is the founder of traditional logic. - A term is distributed when it refers to the entire class. - In traditional logic, singular proposition are considered as universal proposition. - There is a relation of sub-altern between A and I proposition. - A proposition which states alternatives according to traditional logic is called as disjunctive proposition. - In E proposition both the terms are distributed. ## Syllogism - In a valid syllogism the premises imply the conclusion. - The premise in which the predicate terms occurs is called as major premise. - Syllogism has 3 terms. - The argument with food proposition is called as argument of sorites. ## Grounds of Induction - Observation and experiment other material grounds of induction. - In experiment repetition is possible. - The fallacy of Mal observation consist of misinterpretation of facts. - In experiment variation is possible. - Principle of causation is the formal ground of induction. ## Hypothesis - Hypothesis is a tentative solution to the problem. - Hypothesis which makes minimum numbers of independent assumptions It's called as simple hypothesis. - Hypothesis in an important stage in scientific investigation. - Insight is one of the origin of hypothesis.