Ginkgo Biloba: Medical Properties and Precautions (PDF)

(‫)بدون موضوع‬ ‫ رسالة‬١ ‫الروينى السيد الروينى‬.‫< د‬[email protected]> ‫ م‬١٢:٤٩ ‫ في‬٢٠٢٤ ‫ أكتوبر‬٢٧ ،‫األحد‬ ‫الروينى السيد الروينى‬.‫ د‬:‫< إلى‬[email protected]> Most living Ginkgo trees are located in eastern As...

(‫)بدون موضوع‬ ‫ رسالة‬١ ‫الروينى السيد الروينى‬.‫< د‬[email protected]> ‫ م‬١٢:٤٩ ‫ في‬٢٠٢٤ ‫ أكتوبر‬٢٧ ،‫األحد‬ ‫الروينى السيد الروينى‬.‫ د‬:‫< إلى‬[email protected]> Most living Ginkgo trees are located in eastern Asia (mainlyStudent Picture (Optional) :‫مربع نص‬ China, Japan and Korea; the CJK region hereafter), Europe and eastern North America (Figure 2). It has been planted in urban areas such as roadsides and parks for its attractive..................................................................................‫‏‬golden leaves in autumns action................................................................. Ginkgo biloba extract acts as a free radical scavenger, protecting neurons from oxidative damage and apoptosis related to aging, cerebral ischemia, and neurodegenerative disorders. Ginkgo biloba also inhibits amyloid-β neurotoxicity and........................protects against hypoxic challenges and increased oxidative stress.................................................... ?What is the expected pharmacological action of ginkgo Evidence suggests that GBE exerts a variety of pharmacological activities, such as lowering the risk of cardiovascular disease, preventing ischemia-induced oxidation [63, 64], increasing cerebral blood flow , hepatoprotective functions [66, 67], and platelet us................................................................................................antagonization Ginkgo has a long history of use in treating blood disorders and memory issues. It age is best known today as way to potentially keep your memory sharp. Laboratory studies have shown that ginkgo improves blood circulation by opening up blood vessels and making blood less sticky. It is Precautions.................................................................. If you are epileptic or prone to seizures, avoid ginkgo. Large amounts of ginkgotoxin can cause seizures. Ginkgotoxin is found in ginkgo seeds and, to a lesser extent, ginkgo leaves. If you are older, have a bleeding disorder or are pregnant, don't take ginkgo Side Effects When taken by mouth: Ginkgo LEAF EXTRACT is likely safe for most people. It can cause some minor side effects such as stomach upset, headache, dizziness, and allergic skin reactions. There is also some concern that ginkgo leaf extract might increase the risk of.bruising and bleeding or cause arrhythmia  The ROASTED SEED or CRUDE GINKGO PLANT are possibly unsafe when taken by mouth. Eating more than 10 roasted seeds daily can cause serious side effects such as seizures..Eating FRESH SEEDS may lead to death. They are poisonous and considered dangerous.When applied to the skin: There isn't enough reliable information to know if ginkgo is safe Ginkgo (Ginkgo...................................................................................................................... biloba) is a large tree with fan-shaped leaves. The leaves are commonly included in.supplements and taken by mouth for memory problems The ginkgo tree is thought to be one of the oldest living trees, dating back more than 200 million years. It is native to China, Japan, and Korea, but is also now grown in Europe and the United States. It seems to improve blood circulation, and might also act as an.antioxidant to slow down changes in the brain Because ginkgo has been around for so long, people have used it for many purposes. It's commonly taken by mouth for memory and thought problems, anxiety, vision problems, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support most of these.uses ? Uses & Effectiveness Possibly Effective for Anxiety. Taking a specific ginkgo extract called EGb 761 (Dr. Willmar Schwabe Pharmaceuticals) by mouth for 4 weeks can reduce symptoms of anxiety by a small.amount Diseases, such as Alzheimer disease, that interfere with thinking (dementia). Taking ginkgo 240 mg by mouth daily may slightly improve dementia symptoms. Ginkgo doesn't seem to.prevent dementia from developing or getting worse Hearing loss. In patients with sudden hearing loss, giving ginkgo by IV along with regular treatments can help to improve hearing. It's not clear if oral ginkgo is helpful. IV products.can only be given by a healthcare provider Premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Taking ginkgo leaf extract by mouth seems to relieve breast tenderness and other symptoms associated with PMS. For this use, it is started during the 16th day of the menstrual cycle and continued until the 5th day of the following.cycle Schizophrenia. Taking ginkgo leaf extract by mouth daily in addition to conventional antipsychotic medications for 8-16 weeks can reduce some symptoms of schizophrenia. It might also reduce side effects from antipsychotic medications, like thirst, constipation, and.tardive dyskinesia, a movement disorder Stroke. Taking ginkgo extract by mouth or by IV along with standard therapy seems to improve thinking, memory, and the ability to complete activities of daily living in people who are recovering from a stroke. Taking ginkgo extract by mouth might not be as effective as.IV. But IV products can only be given by a healthcare provider  A movement disorder often caused by antipsychotic drugs (tardive dyskinesia). Taking ginkgo by mouth seems to reduce the severity of movement disorders in patients taking.antipsychotic drugs Dementia caused by reduced blood flow to the brain (vascular dementia). Taking ginkgo extract by mouth seems to improve memory and thinking skills in patients with this.condition Dizziness (vertigo). Taking ginkgo leaf extract by mouth seems to improve symptoms of dizziness caused by balance disorders. It isn't clear if helps to improve symptoms of.vertigo in people with a condition that causes decreased blood flow to the brain Possibly Ineffective for Decline in memory and thinking skills that occurs normally with age. Taking ginkgo by.mouth doesn't improve memory and thinking skills in elderly people Sexual problems caused by antidepressants (antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction). Taking ginkgo leaf extract by mouth doesn't improve sexual problems caused by.antidepressant drugs Heart disease. Taking ginkgo by mouth doesn't reduce the chance of having a heart attack,.chest pain, or stroke in elderly people Decline in memory and thinking skills in people treated with cancer drugs. Taking ginkgo by mouth does not prevent thinking problems caused by chemotherapy in people being.treated for breast cancer High blood pressure. Taking ginkgo leaf extract by mouth for up to 6 years does not reduce.blood pressure in older people with high blood pressure Multiple sclerosis (MS). Taking ginkgo leaf extract or ginkgolide B, a specific chemical found in ginkgo extract, by mouth doesn't improve mental function or disability in people.with multiple sclerosis Ringing in the ears (tinnitus). Taking ginkgo leaf extract by mouth does not seem to.improve ringing in the ears There is interest in using ginkgo for a number of other purposes, but there isn't enough.reliable information to say whether it might be helpful Side Effects When taken by mouth: Ginkgo LEAF EXTRACT is likely safe for most people. It can cause some minor side effects such as stomach upset, headache, dizziness, and allergic skin reactions. There is also some concern that ginkgo leaf extract might increase the risk of.bruising and bleeding or cause arrhythmia The ROASTED SEED or CRUDE GINKGO PLANT are possibly unsafe when taken by mouth. Eating more than 10 roasted seeds daily can cause serious side effects such as seizures..Eating FRESH SEEDS may lead to death. They are poisonous and considered dangerous.When applied to the skin: There isn't enough reliable information to know if ginkgo is safe  Final Comment With an aging population seeking solutions to troubling problems such as dementia and vasculopathy, ginkgo offers some benefit as a mild vasoactive and neuroprotective phytomedicine. It offers a relatively safe, inexpensive, and modestly effective treatment option when selected by patients or prescribing physicians for multi-infarct or Alzheimer's dementia. Evidence indicates that it is effective in slowing disease progression and.ameliorating symptoms While some studies show no benefit in Alzheimer's disease, others show that it is comparable in its efficacy with the second-generation cholinesterase inhibitors. Ginkgo should be discontinued before surgery, but the time period has not been determined conclusively. Ginkgo also has demonstrated benefits in patients with peripheral vascular disease and tinnitus. Name brands using the same extract as those used in clinical research studies are to be recommended as the most reliable in the current herbal market in the United States. Table 1 discusses the efficacy, safety, tolerability, and cost of ginkgo.biloba expand_moreAuthor Information VICTOR S. SIERPINA, M.D., is associate professor of family medicine at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston. Dr. Sierpina received his medical degree from the University of Illinois, Abraham Lincoln School of Medicine, Chicago. He completed a residency in family practice at MacNeal Memorial Hospital, Chicago. He is board-certified.by the American Board of Family Practice and the American Board of Holistic Medicine BERND WOLLSCHLAEGER, M.D., is in private practice in North Miami Beach, Fla. He also is an assistant professor of medicine and family medicine at the University of Miami School of Medicine. Dr. Wollschlaeger received his medical training in Germany and Israel, including special education in botanical medicine and homeopathy. He completed a residency at Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami.MARK BLUMENTHAL is founder and executive director of the American Botanical Council, Austin, Tex., and adjunct professor of medicinal chemistry at the University of Texas, College of Pharmacy, Austin. He is the senior editor of The Complete Commission E Monographs and the journal HerbalGram.The authors indicate that they do not have any conflicts of interests. Sources of funding: This manuscript was made possible in part by grant no. R25AT00586-01 from the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine.The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine or the National Institutes of Health.Address correspondence to Victor S. Sierpina, M.D., UTMB Family Medicine Dept., 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555-1123 (e-.mail:[email protected]). Reprints are not available from the authors )expand_moreReference(s Blumenthal M. German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices. Commission E. The complete German Commission E monographs: therapeutic guide to herbal medicines..Austin, Tex.: American Botanical Council, 1998:11–12