KOC3436 Notes 4 PDF

KOC3436 Feroz De Costa @ferozdecosta PRACTICE AND ETHICS OF FINANCIAL COMMUNICATION (Prinsip dan Etika Komunikasi Kewangan) Financial Crisis / Krisis Kewangan  Financial Crisis No. What Is a Financial Crisis?...

KOC3436 Feroz De Costa @ferozdecosta PRACTICE AND ETHICS OF FINANCIAL COMMUNICATION (Prinsip dan Etika Komunikasi Kewangan) Financial Crisis / Krisis Kewangan  Financial Crisis No. What Is a Financial Crisis? Apa itu Krisis Kewangan? 1. In a financial crisis, asset prices see a steep decline in value, Dalam krisis kewangan, harga aset mengalami businesses and consumers are unable to pay their debts, and penurunan nilai yang mendadak, perniagaan dan financial institutions experience liquidity shortages. pengguna tidak dapat membayar hutang mereka, dan institusi kewangan mengalami kekurangan mudah tunai. 2. A financial crisis is often associated with a panic or a bank run Krisis kewangan sering dikaitkan dengan keadaan panik during which investors sell off assets or withdraw money from atau bank yang mana pelabur menjual aset atau savings accounts because they fear that the value of those mengeluarkan wang dari akaun simpanan kerana mereka assets will drop if they remain in a financial institution. takut bahawa nilai aset tersebut akan jatuh sekiranya mereka kekal di institusi kewangan. 3. Other situations that may be labeled a financial crisis Situasi lain yang mungkin dilabel krisis kewangan / include the bursting of a speculative financial bubble, a gelembung spekulatif, kemerosotan pasaran saham, stock market crash, a sovereign default, or a currency crisis. kegagalan membayar hutang negara, atau krisis mata wang. 4. A financial crisis may be limited to banks or spread Krisis kewangan mungkin terhad kepada bank atau throughout a single economy, the economy of a region, or tersebar di seluruh ekonomi dunia. economies worldwide.  What Causes a Financial Crisis? No. Causes a Financial Crisis Sebab-sebab Krisis Kewangan 1. Institutions or assets are overvalued Institusi atau aset dinilai terlalu tinggi 2. Irrational or herd-like investor behavior. Kelakuan pelabur yang tidak rasional. For example, a rapid string of selloffs can result Sebagai contoh, rentetan penjualan yang cepat in lower asset prices, prompting individuals to boleh mengakibatkan harga aset lebih rendah, dump assets or make huge savings withdrawals mendorong individu membuang aset atau when a bank failure is rumored. membuat pengeluaran simpanan yang besar apabila kegagalan bank dihebahkan. 3. Banking panics were at the genesis of a number of Panik perbankan merupakan sebab sejumlah krisis financial crises of the 19th, 20th, and 21st centuries, kewangan pada abad ke-19, ke-20, dan ke-21, many of which led to recessions or depressions. yang banyak menyebabkan kemelesetan ekonomi. 4. Stock market crashes, credit crunches, the bursting Keruntuhan pasaran saham, penurunan kredit, of financial bubbles, and currency crises are all gelembung spekulatif, dan krisis mata wang adalah examples of financial crises. semua contoh krisis kewangan.  The 2007-2008 Global Stock Crash of 1929. Financial Crisis. Financial Crisis 1997–1998 Examples 1929 2007–2008 Asian Crisis of 1997–1998 Financial Crisis Examples Stock Crash of 1929 Keruntuhan Pasaan Saham Amerika pada tahun 1929 This crash, starting on Oct. 24, 1929, saw Keruntuhan pasaran saham ini bermula share prices collapse after a period of wild pada 24 Oktober 1929, menyaksikan speculation and borrowing to buy shares. harga saham jatuh selepas tempoh It led to the Great Depression, which was felt spekulasi dan meminjam untuk membeli worldwide for over a dozen years. Its social saham. impact lasted far longer. Keruntuhan pasaran saham ini berlaku di One trigger of the crash was a drastic seluruh dunia selama lebih dari belasan oversupply of commodity crops, which led tahun. Kesan sosialnya berpanjangan to a steep decline in prices. lebih lama. Salah satu pencetus keruntuhan saham itu adalah bekalan tanaman komoditi yang terlalu banyak, yang menyebabkan penurunan harga.  Financial Crisis Examples Asian Crisis of 1997–1998 Krisis Kewangan Asia 1997-1998 This crisis started in July 1997 with the collapse of Krisis ini bermula pada bulan Julai 1997 the Thai baht. dengan runtuhnya baht Thailand. Lacking foreign currency, the Thai government was Apabila kekurangan mata wang asing, forced to abandon its U.S. dollar peg and let the pemerintah Thailand terpaksa menghentikan baht float. penambatan mata wang dolar AS dan The result was huge devaluation that spread to membiarkan baht diapungkan. much of East Asia, also hitting Japan, as well as a Hasilnya adalah penurunan nilai besar yang huge rise in debt-to-GDP (Gross domestic product) tersebar ke sebagian besar Asia Timur, turut ratios. melanda Jepun, dan juga kenaikan nisbah Indonesia, South Korea, and Thailand were the hutang terhadap Keluaran dalam negara kasar countries most affected by the crisis. Hong Kong, (KDNK) yang sangat besar. Laos, Malaysia and the Philippines were also hurt by Indonesia, Korea Selatan, dan Thailand adalah the slump. Brunei, mainland China, Singapore, negara yang paling terkesan oleh krisis. Hong Taiwan, and Vietnam were less affected, although Kong, Laos, Malaysia dan Filipina juga turut all suffered from a loss of demand and confidence mengalami kesan. Brunei, China, Singapura, throughout the region. Japan was also affected, Taiwan, dan Vietnam kurang terjejas, though less significantly. walaupun semuanya mengalami kehilangan permintaan dan kepercayaan di seluruh wilayah. Jepun juga terjejas, walaupun kurang Subprime Subprime refers to borrowers or loans, usually offered at rates well above the prime rate, that has poor credit ratings. A person is considered bad credit if they have a history of not paying their bills on time or owe too much money. Bad credit is often reflected as a low credit score, typically under 580 on a scale of 300 to 850. People with bad credit will find it harder to get a loan or obtain a credit card. Subprime lending is higher risk, given the lower credit rating of borrowers, and has in the past contributed to financial crises. The United States subprime mortgage crisis was a multinational financial crisis that occurred between 2007 and 2010 that contributed to the 2007–2008 global financial crisis  A bailout is when a business, an individual, or a government provides money and/or resources (also known as a capital injection) to a failing company. Bailout These actions help to prevent the consequences of that business's potential downfall which may include bankruptcy and default on its financial obligations.  Financial Crisis Examples The 2007-2008 Global Financial Crisis Krisis Kewangan Global 2007-2008 This financial crisis was the worst economic disaster Krisis kewangan ini merupakan bencana since the Stock Market Crash of 1929. ekonomi terburuk sejak Kejatuhan Pasaran It started with a subprime mortgage lending crisis Saham tahun 1929. in 2007 and expanded into a global banking crisis Ia bermula dengan krisis pinjaman gadai janji with the failure of investment bank Lehman subprima pada tahun 2007 dan berkembang Brothers in September 2008. menjadi krisis perbankan global dengan Huge bailouts and other measures meant to limit kegagalan bank pelaburan Lehman Brothers the spread of the damage failed and the global pada bulan September 2008. economy fell into recession. Penjimatan besar dan langkah-langkah lain yang bertujuan untuk mengehadkan kesan kegagalan dan ekonomi global jatuh ke dalam kemelesetan. How Benjamin Graham Chooses High Value Shares http://www.asriahmadacademy.com/6-cara-benjamin- Cara Benjamin Graham graham-memilih-saham-bernilai-tinggi/ Memilih Saham Bernilai Tinggi  Value Investing No. What is Value Investing? Apakah Itu Value Investing? 1. Value investing is a method of investing by buying a Value investing adalah kaedah pelaburan dengan stock that has good fundamentals, the price is valued membeli suatu saham yang mempunyai "cheap", where the stock is traded lower than its fair fundamental bagus, harganya dinilai “murah”, di value. mana saham tersebut diniagakan lebih rendah dari nilai wajarnya. 2. Value stocks can be found in large companies (blue Value stock boleh didapati di syarikat besar (blue chips) or companies that have good fundamentals, chips) ataupun syarikat-syarikat yang mempunyai good products and are market leaders. fundamental bagus, produk yang bagus dan merupakan peneraju dalam pasaran. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/v/valueinvesting.asp https://menangsaham.com/teknik-warren-buffett-melabur-saham/  Stock Investment Tips From Warren Buffett Petua Pelaburan Saham Daripada Warren Buffett No. Tips Petua 1. Develop an investment mindset Membina minda pelabur 2. Understand what an investment is Faham apa itu pelaburan 3. Invest in what you understand Melabur dalam apa yang anda faham 4. Buy a company share that is stronger than the Beli saham syarikat yang kukuh berbanding yang glamorous one glamer 5. Do not panic during the economic crisis Jangan panik semasa ekonomi gawat 6. Buy high performance companies Beli syarikat berprestasi tinggi 7. Buy cheap Beli harga murah 8. Invest for the long term Melabur untuk jangka masa panjang https://www.usahawan.com/uncategorized/7-rahsia-pelaburan-cara-warren-buffet.html/  8 Investment Tips From Warren Buffett To New Investors 8 Petua Pelaburan Saham Daripada Warren Buffett No. Tips Petua 1. Diversification is not always a good idea Mempelbagaikan pelaburan tidak selalu merupakan idea yang baik 2. Invest in yourself first Melabur dalam diri anda terlebih dahulu 3. Trust yourself to be a successful investor Percayai pada diri sendiri untuk menjadi seorang pelabur yang berjaya 4. Make investments that you understand Buat pelaburan yang anda fahami 5. Make sure you choose the right news to focus on Pastikan anda memilih berita yang tepat untuk ditumpukan 6. Buying a stock of a company is buying a part of a Membeli saham syarikat adalah membeli business sebahagian daripada perniagaan 7. Learn from your mistakes and move on Belajar dari kesilapan anda dan teruskan 8. Don’t be a day trader Jangan jadi day trader https://www.majalahlabur.com/saham/8-tips-pelaburan-daripada-warren-buffett-kepada- pelabur-baru/  Warren Buffett Techniques of Investing in Stocks Teknik Warren Buffett Melabur Saham No. Techniques Teknik 1. The company does not have too much change (in Syarikat tersebut tidak terlalu banyak perubahan terms of business / product). (dari segi bisnes/produk). 2. The company does not require much research and Syarikat itu tidak memerlukan research dan development to ensure in line with current pembangunan yang banyak untuk pastikan selari technology. dengan teknologi semasa. 3. The company offers products or services that the Syarikat itu menawarkan produk atau servis yang public and other organizations need regardless of orang ramai dan organisasi lain perlukan tidak kira whether the economic situation is good or bad. sama ada keadaan ekonomi baik atau buruk. 4. The company has an advantage when competing Syarikat itu empunyai kelebihan ketika bersaing which provides the ability to increase the market yang memberikan keupayaan untuk menaikan price of the product / service. harga pasaran produk/servis. https://menangsaham.com/teknik-warren-buffett-melabur-saham/ How Benjamin Graham Chooses High Value Shares Cara Benjamin Graham Memilih Saham Bernilai Tinggi Not necessarily you have to choose the best company http://www.asriahmadacademy.com/6-cara-benjamin-graham-memilih-saham-bernilai-tinggi/ How Benjamin Graham Chooses High Value Shares Cara Benjamin Graham Memilih Saham Bernilai Tinggi Find companies with Earnings Per Shares (EPS) are positive and have increased over the last 5 years with no income deficit http://www.asriahmadacademy.com/6-cara-benjamin-graham-memilih-saham-bernilai-tinggi/ How Benjamin Graham Chooses High Value Shares Cara Benjamin Graham Memilih Saham Bernilai Tinggi Choose a company that pays dividends http://www.asriahmadacademy.com/6-cara-benjamin-graham-memilih-saham-bernilai-tinggi/ Time for Kahoot & DO NOT FORGET to record your attendance in PutraBLAST!