B.Sc. in Microbiology Syllabus (2018-2019) PDF

MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) Course Structure...

MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) Course Structure FIRST SEMESTER CORE COURSE(4+2 credits) ABILITY ENHANCEMENT GENERIC ELECTIVE(4+2 credits) COMPULSORY(2 credits) [Any One (T+P)] [Any One ] Paper Name Paper Code Paper Name Paper Code Paper Name Paper Code Biochemistry CMc-101 Environmental AECMc-101 Introduction and GEMc -101 Science scope of microbiology Lab on CMc -191 Lab on Introduction GEMc -191 Biochemistry and scope of microbiology Cell Biology CMc -102 English AECMc -102 Microbes in GEMc -102 - Communication environment Lab on Cell CMc -192 Lab On microbes in GEMc -192 Biology environment - Computer AECMc 103 Bio-mathematics GEMc -103 Fundamentals and statistics Lab on Bio- GEMc -193 mathematics and statistics SECOND SEMESTER CORE COURSE(4+2 credits) ABILITY ENHANCEMENT GENERIC ELECTIVE COMPULSORY(2credits) [Any One (T+P)] (4+2 credits) [Any One ] Paper Name Paper Code Paper Name Paper Code Paper Name Paper Code Introduction CMc -201 Environmental AECMc 201 Industrial and food GEMc -201 to microbes Science microbiology and microbial diversity Lab on CMc 291 Lab on Industrial GEMc -291 Introduction and food to microbes microbiology and microbial diversity  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) Microbial CMc 202 Computer AECMc - Chemistry I GEMc -202 physiology Fundamentals 202 and metabolism Lab on CMc 292 Lab on chemistry I GEMc 292 microbial physiology and metabolism Food and CMc -203 Inheritance biology GEMc -203 dairy microbiology Lab on Inheritance GEMc -293 Lab on Food CMc -293 biology and dairy microbiology THIRD SEMESTER CORE COURSE(4+2 credits) SKILL ENHANCEMENT COURSE GENERIC ELECTIVE(4+2 credits) (2 credits) [Any One (T+P)] [Any One ] Paper Name Paper Paper Name Paper Code Paper Name Paper CodeM Code Microbial CMc -301 Microbiological SECMc-301 Biomolecular GEMc -301 Genetics analysis of air and metabolism Lab on CMc -391 water Lab on biomolecular GEMc -391 microbial metabolism genetics Environmental CMc 302 Biofertilizers and SECMc -302 Biological Diversity GEMc 302 microbiology biopesticides and Taxonomy Lab on CMc -392 Lab on Biological GEMc -392 Environmental Diversity and microbiology Taxonomy Molecular CMc -303 Food fermentation SECMc 303 Chemistry II GEMc -303 Biology techniques Lab on CMc 393 Lab on chemistry II GEMc -393 Molecular Biology  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) FOURTH SEMESTER CORE COURSE(4+2 credits) SKILL ENHANCEMENT COURSE GENERIC ELECTIVE(4+2 credits) (2 credits)[Any One ] [Any One (T+P)] Paper Name Paper Code Paper Name Paper Code Paper Name Paper Code Immunology CMc -401 Microbial Diagnosis SECMc -401 Clinical immunology GEMc -401 in health clinics Lab on CMc -491 Management of SECMc -402 Lab on Clinical GEMc -491 Immunology human microbial immunology disease Medical CMc 402 Microbial quality SECMc -403 Entrepreneurship GEMc -402 microbiology control in food and Development pharmaceutical industries Lab on CMc 492 Basics of Forensic SECMc -404 Lab on GEMc -492 Medical Science Entrepreneurship microbiology Development Molecular GEMc -403 diagnostics Lab on Molecular GEMc -493 diagnostics FIFTH SEMESTER CORE COURSE (4+2 credits) DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC ELECTIVE (4+2credits) [Any One (T+P)from A group and one from B group] Paper Name Paper Code Paper Name Paper Code Recombinant DNA CMc -501 Advances in microbiology DSEMc-501A Technology Lab on Recombinant DNA CMc -591 Lab on Advances in microbiology DSEMc- -591A Technology Industrial microbiology CMc -502 Instrumentation and biotechniques DSEMc- -501B Lab on industrial CMc -592 Lab on Instrumentation and DSEMc- 591 B microbiology biotechniques Microbial biotechnology DSEMc- -502A Lab on Microbial biotechnology DSEMc- -592A  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) Plant pathology DSEMc-502B Lab on Plant pathology DSEMc-592B SIXTH SEMESTER CORE COURSE(4+2 credits) DISCIPLINE SPCIFIC ELECTIVE(4+2 credits) [Any One (T+P) from A group] Paper Name Paper Code Paper Name Paper Code Genomics, Proteomics and CMc -601 Microbes in sustainable agriculture DSEMc -601A Bioinformatics and development Lab on Genomics, proteomics CMc -691 Lab on Microbes in sustainable DSEMc -691A and Bioinformatics agriculture and development Virology CMc -602 Biosafety and intellectual DSEMc -602A properties rights Lab on virology CMc -692 Lab on Biosafety and intellectual DSEMc -692A properties rights (Any one) Project/ Dissertation DSEMc-691B  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) SEMESTER I CMc101-: BIOCHEMISTRY (THEORY) SEMESTER –I Full marks 100 TOTAL HOURS: 60 CREDITS: (3+1) =4 UNIT I: Introduction to Biochemistry: (14 Periods) A historical prospective. Carbohydrates:- Structural aspects – Introduction & Occurrence, Classification of Mono-, Di- and Polysaccharides, Reducing & Non-reducing Sugars, Constitution of Glucose & Fructose, Osazone formation, Pyranose & Furanose forms, Determination of ring size, Inter-conversion of monosaccharides. Amino acids & Proteins: Structure & Function. Structure and properties of Amino acids, Types of proteins and their classification, Forces stabilizing protein structure and shape. Different Level of structural organization of proteins, Protein Purification. Denaturation and renaturation of proteins. Fibrous and globular proteins. UNIT II (14 Periods) Lipids: Structural aspects – General introduction, Classification & Structure of Simple & Compound lipids, Properties of Lipid aggregates (elementary idea), Biological membrane, membrane protein – structural aspects, Lipoproteins (elementary idea). Nucleic acids: Structure and functions: Physical & chemical properties of Nucleic acids, Nucleosides & Nucleotides, purines & pyrimidines,. Biologically important nucleotides, Double helical model of DNA structure and forces responsible for A, B & Z – DNA, denaturation and renaturation of DNA UNIT-III (8 Periods) Chemical & Enzymatic Kinetics - An introduction to enzyme; How enzyme works; Reaction rate; Thermodynamic definitions; Principles of catalytic power and specificity of enzymes; Enzyme kinetics – Approach to mechanism. UNIT IV (24 Periods) Carbohydrates Metabolism: Reactions, energetics and regulation. Glycolysis: Fate of pyruvate under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Pentose phosphate pathway and its significance, Gluconeogenesis, Glycogenolysis and glycogen synthesis. TCA cycle, Electron Transport Chain, Oxidative phosphorylation. ß-oxidation of fatty acids.  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) Lipid Metabolism – Structures and roles of Fatty acids & Glycerols, beta oxidation of saturated fatty acids, oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids, oxidation of odd chain fatty acids, energy yield, Ketone bodies. Amino acid Metabolism – Amino acid breakdown (amino acid deamination, Urea cycle, metabolic breakdown of individual amino acids – glucogenic & ketogenic amino acids), amino acids as biosynthetic precursors (haem biosynthesis & degradation, biosynthesis of epinephrine, dopamine, seretonin, GABA, histamin, glutathione); biosynthesis of essential & non-essential amino acids. Nucleotide Metabolism – biosynthesis of purine & pyrimidine (de novo & salvage pathway); degradation of purine & pyrimidine. CMc191: BIOCHEMISTRY (PRACTICALS) SEMESTER –I Full marks 100 TOTAL HOURS: 40 CREDITS: 2 1. Properties of water, Concept of pH and buffers, preparation of buffers and Numerical problems to explain the concepts 2. Numerical problems on calculations of Standard Free Energy Change and Equilibrium constant 3. Problems on Standard Free Energy Change of coupled reactions 4. Qualitative/Quantitative tests for carbohydrates, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars 5. Qualitative/Quantitative tests for lipids and proteins 6. Study of protein secondary and tertiary structures with the help of models 7. Study effect of temperature, pH and Heavy metals on enzyme activity 8. Estimation of any one vitamin SUGGESTED READING 1. Campbell, MK (2012) Biochemistry, 7th ed., Published by Cengage Learning 2. Campbell, PN and Smith AD (2011) Biochemistry Illustrated, 4th ed., Published by Churchill Livingstone 3. Tymoczko JL, Berg JM and Stryer L (2012) Biochemistry: A short course, 2nd ed., W.H.Freeman 4. Berg JM, Tymoczko JL and Stryer L (2011) Biochemistry, W.H.Freeman and Company 5. Nelson DL and Cox MM (2008) Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 5th Edition., W.H. Freemanand Company, 6. Willey MJ, Sherwood, LM &Woolverton C J (2013) Prescott, Harley and Klein’s Microbiologyby. 9th Ed., McGrawHill 7. Voet,D. and Voet J.G (2004) Biochemistry 3rd edition, John Wiley and Sons,  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) CMc-102: CELL BIOLOGY (THEORY) SEMESTER –I Full marks 100 TOTAL HOURS: 60 CREDITS: (3+1) =4 Unit 1 Structure and organization of Prokaryotic Cell No. of Hours: 12 Prokaryotic Cell size, shape and arrangement, glycocalyx, capsule, flagella, endoflagella, fimbriae and pili. Cell-wall: Composition and detailed structure of Gram-positive and Gram-negative cell walls, Archaebacterial cell wall, Gram and acid fast staining mechanisms, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), sphaeroplasts, protoplasts, and L-forms. Effect of antibiotics and enzymes on the cell wall. Cell Membrane: Structure, function and chemical composition of bacterial and archaeal cell membranes. Cytoplasm: Ribosomes, mesosomes, inclusion bodies, nucleoid, chromosome and plasmids Endospore: Structure, formation, stages of sporulation. Unit 2 Structure and organization of Eukaryotic Cell No. of Hours: 12 Eukaryotic (Plant and animal cells) Plasma membrane: Structure and transport of small molecules ,Eukaryotic cell wall, Extra cellular matrix and cell matrix interactions, Cell-Cell Interactions - adhesion junctions, tight junctions, gap junctions, and plasmodesmata (only structural aspects) Cytoskeleton: Structure and organization of actin filaments, association of actin filaments with plasma membrane, cell surface protrusions, intermediate filaments, microtubules Unit 3 Cell organelles No. of Hours: 16 Nucleus: Structure and function, and nuclear lamina Chromatin – Molecular organization Endoplasmic reticulum: Structure, function including role in protein segregation. Golgi complex: Structure, biogenesis and functions including role in protein secretion. Lysosomes: Vacuoles and micro bodies: Structure and functions Ribosomes: Structures and function including role in protein synthesis. Mitochondria: Structure and function, Genomes, biogenesis. Chloroplasts: Structure and function, genomes, biogenesis Unit 4 Cell Signalling No. of Hours: 8 Signalling molecules and their receptors function of cell surface receptors Pathways of intra-cellular receptors – Cyclic AMP pathway, cyclic GMP and MAP kinase pathway Unit 5 Cell Cycle, Cell Death and Cell Renewal No. of Hours: 12 Eukaryotic cell cycle and its regulation, Mitosis and Meiosis Development of cancer, causes and types, Programmed cell death Stem cells Embryonic stem cell, induced pleuripotent stem cells CMc-192: CELL BIOLOGY (PRACTICAL) SEMESTER –I Full marks 100 TOTAL HOURS: 40 CREDITS: 2 1. Study a representative Bacteria, plant and animal cell by microscopy.  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) 2. Cytochemical staining of DNA – Feulgen 5. Study of polyploidy in Onion root tip by colchicine treatment. 6. Identification and study of cancer cells by photomicrographs. 7. Study of different stages of Mitosis. 8. Study of different stages of Meiosis. SUGGESTED READING 1. Hardin J, Bertoni G and Kleinsmith LJ. (2010). Becker’s World of the Cell. 8th edition. Pearson. 2. Karp G. (2010) Cell and Molecular Biology: Concepts and Experiments. 6th edition. John Wiley & Sons. Inc. 3. De Robertis, EDP and De Robertis EMF. (2006). Cell and Molecular Biology. 8th edition. Lipincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia. 4. Cooper, G.M. and Hausman, R.E. (2009). The Cell: A Molecular Approach. 5th Edition. ASM Press & Sunderland, Washington, D.C.; Sinauer Associates, MA. Ability enhancement course AECMc AECMC101: Environmental Science Total Marks-100 Credit-2 Lecture Hour- 50L+Tutorials 10L UNIT I (15 Periods) Introduction to environmental studies & ecosystems: Multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies: Scope and importance; what is an ecosystem? The structure and function of ecosystem, Energy flow in an ecosystem, food chains, food webs and ecological succession, forest ecosystem, grassland ecosystem, desert ecosystem, aquatic ecosystems; Levels of biological diversity such as genetic, species and ecosystem diversity; biogeography zones of India, biodiversity patterns and global biodiversity hot spots, India as a mega-biodiversity nation, endangered and endemic species of India, threats to biodiversity, habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts, biological invasions, conservation of biodiversity, in-situ and ex-situ conservation of biodiversity, concept of sustainability and sustainable development. UNIT II (18 Periods) Natural resources & its management and conservation: Land resources and land use change: Land degradation, soil erosion and desertification; Deforestation: Causes and impacts due to mining, dam  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) building on environment, forests, biodiversity and tribal populations; Water: Use and over-exploitation of surface and ground water, floods, droughts, conflicts over water (international & inter-state); Energy resources: Renewable and non renewable energy sources, use of alternate energy sources and growing energy needs. UNIT III (11 Periods) Environmental pollution & management: Environmental pollution: types, causes, effects and controls; Air, water, soil and noise pollution, Solid waste management: Control measures of urban and industrial waste. Climate change, global warming, ozone layer depletion, acid rain and their impact on human communities and agriculture. Environment Laws: Environment Protection Act, Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, Water (Prevention and control of pollution) Act, Wildlife Protection Act, Forest Conservation Act; International agreements: Montreal and Kyoto protocols and Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD); Nature reserves, tribal populations and rights, and human wildlife conflicts in Indian context. UNIT IV (6 Periods) Environment & social issues: Human population growth: Impacts on environment, human health and welfare; Resettlement and rehabilitation of project affected persons; case studies; Disaster management: floods, earthquake, cyclones and landslides; Environmental movements: Chipko, Silent valley, Bishnois of Rajasthan; Environmental ethics: Role of Indian and other religions and cultures in environmental conservation; environmental communication and public awareness. Recommended AICTE Suggested Textbook: 1. Environmental Studies, S.C. Sharma, Khanna Publishing House 2. A Textbook of Environmental Studies, Erach Bharucha, University Press 3. Environmental Studies, Rajagopala, Oxford University Press Learning resources 1. Carson, R. 2002. Silent Spring. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 2. Gadgil, M., & Guha, R. 1993. This Fissured Land: An Ecological History of India. Univ. of California Press. 3. Gleeson, B. and Low, N. (eds.) 1999. Global Ethics and Environment, London, Routledge. 4. Gleick, P. H. 1993. Water in Crisis. Pacific Institute for Studies in Dev.,  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) Environment & Security. Stockholm Env. Institute, Oxford Univ. Press. 5. Groom, Martha J., Gary K. Meffe, and Carl Ronald Carroll. Principles of Conservation Biology. Sunderland: Sinauer Associates, 2006. 6. Grumbine, R. Edward, and Pandit, M.K. 2013. Threats from India’s Himalaya dams. Science,339: 36- 37. 7. McCully, P. 1996. Rivers no more: the environmental effects of dams (pp. 29-64). Zed Books. 8. Pepper, I.L., Gerba, C.P. & Brusseau, M.L. 2011. Environmental and Pollution Science. Academic Press. 9. Rao, M.N. & Datta, A.K. 1987. Waste Water Treatment. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. 10. Raven, P.H., Hassenzahl, D.M. & Berg, L.R. 2012. Environment. 8th edition. John Wiley & Sons. 11. Rosencranz, A., Divan, S., & Noble, M. L. 2001. Environmental law and policy in India. Tripathi 1992. 12. Sengupta, R. 2003. Ecology and economics: An approach to sustainable development. OUP. 13. Singh, J.S., Singh, S.P. and Gupta, S.R. 2014. Ecology, Environmental Science and 14. Wilson, E. O. 2006. The Creation: An appeal to save life on earth. New York: Norton. 15. World Commission on Environment and Development. 1987. Our Common Future. Oxford University Press. AECMc102 : English communication Total Marks-100 SEMESTER –I TOTAL HOURS: 60( 40L+Tutorial 20L CREDITS: 2 1. Communication and communicative activities of the notions of encoder and decoder and the message and the medium 5L 2. Concise grammatical structures and key vocabulary for general as well as specific purpose accuracy and appropriateness in the use of English. 6L 3. English speech sounds and sound combinations. 4L 4. Elements of Spoken English. 4L 5. Topic of discourse, mode of discourse and style of discourse with special  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) reference to scientific discourse. 4L 6. Writing notes, reports, proceedings etc. 4L 7. Expanding and summarizing. 3L 8. Narrating and describing. 5L 9. Tutorial for each topic. 5L Practical on all language activities and communicative tasks- group discussion, seminar AICTE Recommended Suggested Textbook: 1. Technical Communication, Meenakshi Raman & Sangeeta Sharma, Oxford University Press 2. Effective Communication Skills, Kulbhushan Kumar, Khanna Publishing House 3. Communication Skills, Pushplata, Sanjay Kumar, Oxford University Press AECMc103 - COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS Total Marks-100 Credit-2 Lecture Hour- 40L UNIT 1: Basic concept of Computer System 4L Introduction, Characteristics of Computer, Components of Computer, Basic organization of Computer System (I/P, O/P, Memory & CPU units). Generation of Computer: 1st to 4th generations with characteristics. UNIT 2: Operating System Introduction 2L What operation systems do? Operations of OS. Evolution of OS – Batch processing, Multiprogramming, Time sharing, Distributed. Process Management 12L Process concept, Process States, Process control block (PCB) Process scheduling: Schedulers (long-term, short-term and medium-term), Context switching, scheduling criteria, scheduling algorithms (FCFS, SJF, Priority, RR), Multilevel Queue scheduling and Multilevel Feedback Queue scheduling. Threads: Concept, Models, Multi-threading example (word processor). Process Synchronization: Cooperating process, Critical-Section problem and solution, Semaphores (Binary & counting).  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) Deadlocks: Concept, Resource Allocation Graph, Necessary conditions for Deadlock, Handling deadlocks: Deadlock prevention and avoidance. Concept of Banker's algorithm with example, Deadlock recovery. File Management 4L File concepts: File attributes, File types, File operations and File structure. File accessing methods (sequential and direct). File directories type (single-level, two-level and tree-level). File mounting and file sharing. Implementation of Directory (Linear list and Hash list). File Allocation methods (contagious, linked and index). UNIT 3: Digital Logic 12L Number System: Positional & Non-Positional, Representation of positional number system, Classification of positional number system (Decimal, Binary, Octal, Hexadecimal). Inter-conversion: among known and unknown bases. Digital Logic: addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, r's complement & (r-1)'s complement. Boolean Algebra & Logic Gates Basic laws and postulates, Huntington postulates, Duality. Logic Gates: AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR & XNOR with truth table. Boolean Functions: Representation (Boolean expression, Truth Table & Circuit Diagram), Canonical Form (SOP, POS), Conversion between canonical forms. UNIT 4: Basic Computing Lab Basic Operating System Commands 3L Listing directory contents, creating directory, changing directory. Creating file, copying & moving files, renaming & removing files. Date & time commands. Pipe & batch command concepts. Familiar with OS interface 1L Customising desktop, arranging files & directories etc. Office applications 2L Word Processor Application Spreadsheet Application Presentation Application --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Reference Books: Computer Fundamentals – by Pradeep K Sinha, Priti Sinha Computer Fundamentals by R.S. Salaria, Khanna Publishing House Operating System Concepts – by Abraham Silberschatz, Peter B. Galvin, Gerg Gange Operating System – by P. Bala Krishna Prasad Digital Design - by M. Morris R. Mano (Author), Michael D. Ciletti (Author) Digital Logic and Computer Design – by M. Morris Mano ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) GEMc-101: INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE OF MICROBIOLOGY (THEORY) SEMESTER –I Full marks 100 TOTAL HOURS: 60 CREDITS: (3+1) =4 Unit 1 History of Development of Microbiology No. of Hours: 12 Development of microbiology as a discipline, Spontaneous generation vs. biogenesis. Contributions of Anton von Leeuwenhoek, Louis Pasteur, Robert Koch, Joseph Lister, Alexander Fleming Role of microorganisms in fermentation, Germ theory of disease, Development of various microbiological techniques and golden era of microbiology, Development of the field of soil microbiology: Contributions of Martinus W. Beijerinck, Sergei N. Winogradsky, Selman A.Waksman Establishment of fields of medical microbiology and immunology through the work of Paul Ehrlich, Elie Metchnikoff, Edward Jenner Unit 2 Diversity of Microorganisms No. of Hours: 10 Characteristics of different groups: Acellular microorganisms (Viruses, Viroids, Prions) and Cellular microorganisms (Prokarya: Archaea and Bacteria, Eukarya: Algae, Fungi and Protozoa)giving definitions and citing examples Protozoa : Methods of nutrition, locomotion & reproduction - Amoeba, Paramecium and Plasmodium Unit 3 Microscopy No. of Hours: 7 Bright Field Microscope, Dark Field Microscope, Phase Contrast Microscope, Fluoresence Microscope, Transmission Electron Microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope Unit 4. Sterilization No. of Hours: 5 Moist Heat, Autoclave, Dry Heat, Hot Air Oven, Tyndallization, Filteration. Unit 5. Microbes in Human Health & Environment No. of Hours: 10 Medical microbiology and immunology: example of common human diseases and their causative agents. Definitions of immunity (active/passive), primary and secondary immune response, antigen, antibody and their types. Environmental microbiology: Definitions of environment and examples of important microbes in soil, water and sediments covering the planet. Unit 6 Industrial Microbiology No. of Hours: 8 Definition of fermentation, primary and secondary metabolites Unit 7 Food and Dairy Microbiology No. of Hours: 8 Examples of microorganisms as food (SCP), microorganisms in food fermentations (dairy and non dairy based fermented food products) and probiotics. Microorganisms in food spoilage and food borne infections.  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) GEMc -191: INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE OF MICROBIOLOGY (PRACTICALS) SEMESTER –I Full marks 100 TOTAL HOURS: 40 CREDITS: 2 1. Microbiology Laboratory Management and Biosafety. 2. To study the principle and applications of important instruments (biological safety cabinets, autoclave, incubator, BOD incubator, hot air oven, light microscope, pH meter) used in the microbiology laboratory 3. Sterilization of medium using Autoclave and assessment for sterility 4. Sterilization of glassware using Hot Air Oven and assessment for sterility 5. Sterilization of heat sensitive material by filtration and assessment for sterility 6. Study of different shapes of bacteria using permanent slides 7. Study of Rhizopus and Penicillium using permanent mounts 8. Study of Spirogyra and Chlamydomonas using permanent Mounts 9. Study of the following protozoans using permanent mounts/photographs: Amoeba, Entamoeba, Paramecium and Plasmodium SUGGESTED READING 1. Tortora GJ, Funke BR and Case CL. (2008). Microbiology: An Introduction. 9th edition. Pearson Education 2. Madigan MT, Martinko JM, Dunlap PV and Clark DP. (2014). Brock Biology of Microorganisms. 14th edition. Pearson International Edition 3. Cappucino J and Sherman N. (2010). Microbiology: A Laboratory Manual. 9th edition. Pearson Education Limited 4.Wiley JM, Sherwood LM and Woolverton CJ. (2013) Prescott’s Microbiology. 9th Edition. McGraw Hill International. 5. Atlas RM. (1997). Principles of Microbiology. 2nd edition. WM.T.Brown Publishers. 6. Pelczar MJ, Chan ECS and Krieg NR. (1993). Microbiology. 5th edition. McGraw Hill Book Company. 7. Stanier RY, Ingraham JL, Wheelis ML, and Painter PR. (2005). General Microbiology. 5th edition. McMillan. GEMc -102: MICROBES IN ENVIRONMENT (THEORY) SEMESTER – I Full marks 100 TOTAL HOURS: 60 CREDITS: (3+1) =4 Unit 1 Microbes in Terrestrial Environment No. of Hours: 10 Components of microbial ecosystem, Lithosphere and its microbial diversity, Soil composition and its profile, Formation of different soils, Soil as nutrient resource, Shallow and deep subsurface microbiology, General characteristic and activity of microbes in porous medium.  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) Unit 2 Microbes in Aquatic Environment No. of Hours: 12 Natural Water: Atmosphere, surface, Stored & Ground water. Zonation of water ecosystem, upwelling, eutrophication; food chain in aquatic ecosystems. Water as a Microbial Habitat, Physiological factors in aquatic environment: Temperature, Hydrostatic pressure, Light, Salinity, Turbidity, pH, inorganic & organic constituents, BOD and COD, Microorganisms in Marine Ecosystems- Costal region, Open Ocean, Benthic Marine Environments, estuaries, mangroves, deep sea, hydrothermal vents, salt pans, coral reefs, Microorganisms in Freshwater Ecosystems- glacier, Stream and lake. Role of methanotrophs in ecosystem, Ground water types and their contamination. Biofilm formation. Unit 3 Microbes in Atmosphere No. of Hours: 8 The atmosphere and aerosols, Nature of Bioaerosols, Aeromicrobiological pathway- launching, transport and deposition of microbes, Microbial Survival in the Air, Extramural and Intramural aeromicrobiology, Bioaerosol control- Ventilation, Filtration, biocidal control, isolation. Unit 3 Microbes in Zoonotic Environment No. of Hours: 6 Microbes in/on human body (Microbiomics) & animal (ruminants) body. Unit 4 Microbes in Extreme Habitats No. of Hours: 5 Extremophiles: Microbes thriving at high & low temperatures, pH, high hydrostatic & osmotic pressures, salinity, & low nutrient levels. Unit 5 Microbial Interactions No. of Hours: 5 Microbe interactions: Mutualism, synergism, commensalism, competition, amensalism, parasitism, predation Microbe-Plant interaction: Symbiotic and non-symbiotic interactions Microbe-animal interaction: Microbes in ruminants, nematophagus fungi and symbiotic luminescent Bacteria Unit 6 Biogeochemical Cycling No. of Hours: 14 Carbon cycle: Microbial degradation of cellulose, hemicelluloses, starch, lignin, pectin and chitin. Nitrogen cycle: Nitrogen fixation, ammonification, nitrification, denitrification and nitrate reduction Phosphorus cycle: Phosphate immobilization and solubilisation. Sulphur cycle: Microbes involved in Sulphur. GEMc -192: MICROBES IN ENVIRONMENT (PRACTICAL) SEMESTER –I Full marks 100 TOTAL HOURS: 40 CREDITS: 2 1. Analysis of soil - pH, moisture content, water holding capacity, percolation, capillary action. 2. Isolation of microbes (bacteria & fungi) from soil (28ºC & 45ºC). 3. Isolation of microbes (bacteria & fungi) from rhizosphere and rhizoplane.  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) 4. Assessment of microbiological quality of water. 5. Demonstration of presence of microflora in the environment by exposing nutrient agar plates to air. 6. Isolation of microbes (bacteria & fungi) from atmosphere. SUGGESTED READINGS 1. Atlas RM and Bartha R. (2000). Microbial Ecology: Fundamentals & Applications. 4th edition.Benjamin/Cummings Science Publishing, USA 2. Madigan MT, Martinko JM and Parker J. (2014). Brock Biology of Microorganisms. 14th edition.Pearson/ Benjamin Cummings 3. Maier RM, Pepper IL and Gerba CP. (2009). Environmental Microbiology. 2nd edition, AcademicPress 4. Okafor, N (2011). Environmental Microbiology of Aquatic & Waste systems. 1st edition, Springer,New York 5. Singh A, Kuhad, RC & Ward OP (2009). Advances in Applied Bioremediation. Volume 17, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Hedeilberg 6. Barton LL & Northup DE (2011). Microbial Ecology. 1st edition, Wiley Blackwell, USA Campbell RE. (1983). Microbial Ecology. Blackwell Scientific Publication, Oxford, England. 7. Coyne MS. (2001). Soil Microbiology: An Exploratory Approach. Delmar Thomson Learning. 8. Lynch JM &Hobbie JE. (1988). Microorganisms in Action: Concepts & Application in Microbial Ecology. Blackwell Scientific Publication, U.K. 9. Martin A. (1977). An Introduction to Soil Microbiology. 2nd edition. John Wiley & Sons Inc. NewYork & London. 10. Stolp H. (1988). Microbial Ecology: Organisms Habitats Activities. Cambridge University Press,Cambridge, England. 11. Subba Rao NS. (1999). Soil Microbiology. 4th edition. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. New Delhi. 12. Willey JM, Sherwood LM, and Woolverton CJ. (2013). Prescott’s Microbiology. 9th edition. McGraw Hill Higher Education. GEMc -103 BIOMATHEMATICS AND BIOSTATISTICS (THEORY) SEMESTER –I Full marks 100 TOTAL HOURS: 60 CREDITS: (3+1) =4 Unit 1 Classical Algebra No of Hours: 18 Complex Number including D’Moivre’s Theorem, Logarithm (only algebra, without Series expansion), Binomial Theorem (without infinite series). Determinant, Matrix, Rank of Matrices by Diagonalisation method. (12 Periods) Unit 1I Calculus – I [For functions of single variable] No of Hours: 20 Limit, Continuity, Differentiation (including differentiability), Successive Differentiation, Expansion of Functions – Rolle’s theorem, Mean Value theorem, Integration – Definite and Indefinite (ordinary, method of substitution, special trigonometric function, partial fraction) Application of integration to find  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) area, Differential equations --homogeneous and Linear ODE’s and its simple applications to biological problems. (20 Periods) Unit III Calculus – II [For functions of two variables] No of Hours: 10 Partial Differentiation including Euler’s theorem and it’s application. Unit IV Biostatistics No of Hours: 12 Principles of statistical analysis of biological data. Conceepts of Mean, Median, Mode from grouped and ungrouped Data set Sampling parameters. Difference between sample and Population, Sampling Errors, Small sample test based on t-test, Z- test and F test; Distribution-free test - Chi-square test; GEMc -193 Lab on BIOMATHEMATICS AND BIOSTATISTICS Full marks 100 TOTAL HOURS: 40 CREDITS: 2 1. Word Problems based on Differential Equations 2. Mean, Median, Mode from grouped and ungrouped Data set 3. Standard Deviation and Coefficient of Variation 4. Testing of Hypothesis- Normal Distribution, t-test and Chi-Square-test SUGGESTED READINGS 1. H. S. Bear: Understanding Calculus, John Wiley and Sons (Second Edition); 2003. 2. E. Batschelet : Introduction to Mathematics for Life Scientists,Springer Verlag, International Student Edition, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi (1971, 1975) 3. A. Edmondson and D. Druce : Advanced Biology Statistics, Oxford University Press; 1996. 4. W. Danial : Biostatistics : A foundation for Analysis in Health Sciences, John Wiley and Sons Inc; 2004.  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) SEMESTER II CMc-201: INTRODUCTION TO MICROBES AND MICROBIAL DIVERSITY (THEORY) SEMESTER –II Full Marks: 100 TOTAL HOURS: 60 CREDITS: (3+1) =4 Unit 1. Systems of classification No. of Hours: 14. Binomial Nomenclature, Whittaker’s five kingdom and Carl Woese’s three kingdom classification systems and their utility. Difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms Unit 2. Important archaeal and eubacterial groups No. of Hours: 16 Archaebacteria: General characteristics, phylogenetic overview, economic importances of genera belonging to Nanoarchaeota (Nanoarchaeum), Crenarchaeota (Sulfolobus, Thermoproteus) and Euryarchaeota [Methanogens(Methanobacterium, Methanocaldococcus), thermophiles (Thermococcus, Pyrococcus, Thermoplasma), and Halophiles (Halobacterium, Halococcus)] Eubacteria: Morphology, ecological significance and economic importance of following groups: Gram Negative: Non proteobacteria: General characteristics with suitable examples Alpha proteobacteria: General characteristics with suitable examples Beta proteobacteria: General characteristics with suitable examples Gamma proteobacteria: General characteristics with suitable examples Delta proteobacteria: General characteristics with suitable examples Epsilon proteobacteria: General characteristics with suitable examples Zeta proteobacteria: General characteristics with suitable examples Gram Positive: Low G+ C (Firmicutes): General characteristics with suitable examples High G+C (Actinobacteria): General characteristics with suitable examples Cyanobacteria: An Introduction Unit 3 Bacteriological techniques No. of Hours: 5 Pure culture isolation: Streaking, serial dilution and plating methods; cultivation, maintenance and preservation/stocking of pure cultures; cultivation of anaerobic bacteria, and accessing non-culturable bacteria. Unit 4. Reproduction in Bacteria No. of Hours: 3 Asexual methods of reproduction, Binary fisson and and its consequences, phases of growth,  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) Unit 5. Eukaryotic Microorganisms. No. of Hours: 15 Algae History of phycology with emphasis on contributions of Indian scientists; General characteristics of algae including occurrence, thallus organization, algae cell ultra structure, pigments, flagella, eyespot food reserves and vegetative, asexual and sexual reproduction. Different types of life cycles in algae with suitable examples: Haplobiontic, Haplontic, Diplontic, Diplobiontic and Diplohaplontic lifecycles. Fungi Historical developments in the field of Mycology including significant contributions of eminent mycologists. General characteristics of fungi including habitat, distribution, nutritional requirements, fungal cell ultra- structure, thallus organization and aggregation, fungal wall structure and synthesis,asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction, heterokaryosis, heterothallism and parasexual mechanism.. Protozoa General characteristics with special reference to Amoeba, Paramecium, Plasmodium, Leishmania and Giardia Unit 6. Media No. of Hours: 2 Chemically defined media, Complex media Unit 7. Staining techniques No. of Hours: 2 Theories of staining, Staining reagents, auxochrome, chromophore, dye. Classification of stains, Biochemical mechanisms of negative staining, staining grams staining, acid fast staining, capsule staining, flagella staining, and endospore staining. Unit 8. Physical and Chemical methods of microbial control No. of Hours: 3 Sterilization dry and moist heat, tyndalisation pasteurization, low temperature, high pressure, filtration, desiccation, osmotic pressure, radiation, ultrasonication Chemical methods of microbial control: disinfectants, types and mode of action. CMc 291: INTRODUCTION TO MICROBES AND MICROBIAL DIVERSITY (PRACTICAL) SEMESTER –II Full Marks: 100 TOTAL HOURS: 40 CREDITS: 2 1. Preparation of different media: Nutrient agar, Complex media- McConkey agar, EMB agar. YEPD Agar, Sabraud’s Chloramphenicol agar, synthetic media BG-11 2. Isolation of pure cultures of bacteria by streaking, spreading, pore plate method. 3 Estimation of CFU count by spread plate method/pour plate method 4. Motility by hanging drop method. 5. Preservation of bacterial cultures by various techniques 6. Staining: Simple staining, Negative staining, Gram’s staining, Acid fast staining-permanent slide only. Capsule staining, Endospore staining. 7. Sterilization of medium using Autoclave and assessment for sterility  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) 8. Sterilization of glassware using Hot Air Oven and assessment for sterility 9. Sterilization of heat sensitive material by membrane filtration and assessment for sterility 10. Determination of phenol coefficient of disinfectants SUGGESTED READINGS 1. Atlas RM. (1997). Principles of Microbiology. 2nd edition. WM.T.Brown Publishers. 2. Black JG. (2008). Microbiology: Principles and Explorations. 7th edition. Prentice Hall 3. Madigan MT, and Martinko JM. (2014). Brock Biology of Micro-organisms. 14th edition. Parker J.Prentice Hall International, Inc. 4. PelczarJr MJ, Chan ECS, and Krieg NR. (2004). Microbiology. 5th edition Tata McGraw Hill. 5. Srivastava S and Srivastava PS. (2003). Understanding Bacteria. Kluwer Academic Publishers,Dordrecht 6. Stanier RY, Ingraham JL, Wheelis ML and Painter PR. (2005). General Microbiology. 5th editionMcMillan. 7. Tortora GJ, Funke BR, and Case CL. (2008). Microbiology: An Introduction. 9th edition PearsonEducation. 8. Willey JM, Sherwood LM, and Woolverton CJ. (2013). Prescott’s Microbiology. 9th edition. McGraw Hill Higher Education. 9. Cappucino J and Sherman N. (2010). Microbiology: A Laboratory Manual. 9th edition. PearsonEducation Limited CMc-202: MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM (THEORY) SEMESTER –II Full Marks: 100 TOTAL HOURS: 60 CREDITS: 4 Unit 1. Microbial Growth and Effect of Environment on Microbial Growth No. of Hours: 18 Definitions of growth, measurement of microbial growth, Batch culture, Continuous culture, generation time and specific growth rate, synchronous growth, diauxic growth curve, Microbial growth in response to environment -Temperature (psychrophiles, mesophiles, thermophiles, extremophiles, thermodurics, psychrotrophs), pH (acidophiles, alkaliphiles), solute and water activity (halophiles, xerophiles, osmophilic), Oxygen (aerobic, anaerobic, microaerophilic, facultative aerobe,facultative anaerobe),barophilic, Microbial growth in response to nutrition and energy – Autotroph/Phototroph, heterotrophy, Chemolithoautotroph, Chemolithoheterotroph, Chemoheterotroph, Chemolithotroph, photolithoautotroph, Photoorganoheterotroph. Unit 2 Nutrient uptake and Transport No. of Hours: 4 Passive and facilitated diffusion Primary and secondary active transport, concept of uniport, symport and antiport, Group translocation Iron uptake  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) Unit 3 Chemoheterotrophic Metabolism - Aerobic Respiration No. of Hours: 14 Concept of aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration and fermentation Sugar. Degradation pathways i.e. EMP, ED, Pentose phosphate pathway TCA cycle, Electron transport chain: components of respiratory chain, comparison of mitochondrial and bacterial ETC, electron transport phosphorylation, uncouplers and inhibitors Unit 4 Chemoheterotrophic Metabolism- Anaerobic respiration and fermentation No. of Hours: 8 Anaerobic respiration with special reference to dissimilatory nitrate reduction (Denitrification; nitrate/nitrite and nitrate/ammonia respiration; fermentative nitrate reduction).Methanogenesis. Fermentation - Alcohol fermentation and Pasteur effect; Lactate fermentation (homofermentative and heterofermentative pathways), concept of linear and branched fermentation pathways Unit 5 Chemolithotrophic and Phototrophic Metabolism No. of Hours: 10 Introduction to aerobic and anaerobic chemolithotrophy with an example each. Hydrogen oxidation (definition and reaction) and methanotrophy and methylotrophy (definition and reactions) Introduction to phototrophic metabolism - groups of phototrophic microorganisms, Anoxygenic vs. oxygenic photosynthesis with reference to photosynthesis in green bacteria, purplebacteria and cyanobacteria Unit 6. Sulphur Metabolism - No. of Hours: 6 Oxidation of reduced Sulphur compounds, Sulphate reduction, CMc-292: MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM (PRACTICAL) SEMESTER –II Full Marks: 100 TOTAL HOURS: 40 CREDITS: 2 1. Study and plot the growth curve of E. coli by turbidometric and standard plate count methods. 2. Calculations of generation time and specific growth rate of bacteria from the graph plotted with the given data 3. Effect of temperature on growth of E. coli 4. Effect of pH on growth of E. coli 5. Effect of carbon and nitrogen sources on growth of E.coli 6. Effect of salt on growth of E. coli 7.Demonstration of the thermal death time and decimal reduction time of E. coli. SUGGESTED READINGS 1. Madigan MT, and Martinko JM (2014). Brock Biology of Microorganisms. 14th edition. PrenticeHall International Inc. 2. Moat AG and Foster JW. (2002). Microbial Physiology. 4th edition. John Wiley & Sons 3. Reddy SR and Reddy SM. (2005). Microbial Physiology. Scientific Publishers India 4. Gottschalk G. (1986). Bacterial Metabolism. 2nd edition. Springer Verlag 6. Stanier RY, Ingrahm JI, Wheelis ML and Painter PR. (1987). General Microbiology. 5th edition,McMillan Press. 7. Willey JM, Sherwood LM, and Woolverton CJ. (2013). Prescott’s Microbiology. 9th edition. McGraw Hill Higher Education.  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) CMc-203: FOOD AND DAIRY MICROBIOLOGY (THEORY) SEMESTER –II Full Marks: 100 TOTAL HOURS: 60 CREDITS: (3+1) =4 Unit 1 Foods as a substrate for microorganisms No. of Hours: 15 Intrinsic and extrinsic factors that affect growth and survival of microbes in foods, natural flora and source of contamination of foods in general, Water in food, water activity and shelf life of food, Carbohydrates-chemical reactions, functional properties of sugars and polysaccharides in foods, Lipids: classification, and lipids-chemical reactions in foods, Protein and amino acids distribution, Protein - chemical reactions and functional properties of proteins in foods. Unit 2. Microbial spoilage of various foods No. of Hours: 10 Food contaminants and spoilage of vegetables, fruits, meat, eggs, milk and butter, bread, canned Foods. Unit 3. Milk and dairy products Types of Milk, cream, eggnog, buttermilk, butter, cheese, ice-cream. Reactions of milk, Microorganisms present in the milk and their characteristics. milk standards, pasteurization, milk born infections Unit 4 Principles and methods of food preservation No. of Hours: 15 Physical methods of food preservation: temperature (low, high, canning, drying), additives, irradiation, hydrostatic pressure, high voltage pulse, extrusion cooking, microwave processing dielectric heating, and aseptic packaging, Chemical methods of food preservation: salt, sugar, organic acids, SO2, nitrite and nitrates, ethylene oxide, antibiotics and bacteriocins Unit 5. Food borne diseases (causative agents, foods involved, symptoms and preventive measures) No. of Hours: 15 Food intoxications: Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium botulinum and mycotoxins; Food infections: Bacillus cereus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Escherichia coli, Salmonellosis, Shigellosis, Yersinia enterocolitica, Listeria monocytogenes and Campylobacter jejuni Unit 5 Food sanitation and control No. of Hours: 5 HACCP, Indices of food sanitary quality and sanitizers CMc-293: FOOD AND DAIRY MICROBIOLOGY (PRACTICAL) SEMESTER –II Full Marks: 100 TOTAL HOURS: 40 CREDITS: 2 1. MBRT of milk samples and their standard plate count. 2. Alkaline phosphatase test to check the efficiency of pasteurization of milk. 3. Isolation of food borne bacteria and fungi from food products. 4. Isolation of spoilage microorganisms from spoiled vegetables/fruits. 5. Isolation of spoilage microorganisms from bread.  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) 6. Preparation of Yogurt/Dahi. SUGGESTED READINGS 1. Adams MR and Moss MO. (1995). Food Microbiology. 4th edition, New Age International (P)Limited Publishers, New Delhi, India. 2. Banwart JM. (1987). Basic Food Microbiology. 1st edition. CBS Publishers and Distributors, Delhi, India. 3. Davidson PM and Brannen AL. (1993). Antimicrobials in Foods. Marcel Dekker, New York. 4. Dillion VM and Board RG. (1996). Natural Antimicrobial Systems and Food Preservation. CABInternational, Wallingford, Oxon. 5. Frazier WC and Westhoff DC. (1992). Food Microbiology. 3rd edition. Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd, New Delhi, India. 6. Gould GW. (1995). New Methods of Food Preservation. Blackie Academic and Professional, London. 7. Jay JM, Loessner MJ and Golden DA. (2005). Modern Food Microbiology. 7th edition, CBS Publishers and Distributors, Delhi, India. ofFoods. Vol. 1-2, ASPEN Publication, Gaithersberg, MD. 9. Tortora GJ, Funke BR, and Case CL. (2008). Microbiology: An Introduction. 9th edition. PearsonEducation. AECMc201: Environmental Science Total Marks-100 Credit-2 Lecture Hour-60L UNIT I (15 Periods) Introduction to environmental studies & ecosystems: Multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies: Scope and importance; what is an ecosystem? The structure and function of ecosystem, Energy flow in an ecosystem, food chains, food webs and ecological succession, forest ecosystem, grassland ecosystem, desert ecosystem, aquatic ecosystems; Levels of biological diversity such as genetic, species and ecosystem diversity; biogeography zones of India, biodiversity patterns and global biodiversity hot spots, India as a mega-biodiversity nation, endangered and endemic species of India, threats to biodiversity, habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts, biological invasions, conservation of biodiversity, in-situ and ex-situ conservation of biodiversity, concept of sustainability and sustainable development. UNIT II (18 Periods) Natural resources & its management and conservation: Land resources and land use change: Land degradation, soil erosion and desertification; Deforestation: Causes and impacts due to mining, dam  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) building on environment, forests, biodiversity and tribal populations; Water: Use and over-exploitation of surface and ground water, floods, droughts, conflicts over water (international & inter-state); Energy resources: Renewable and non renewable energy sources, use of alternate energy sources and growing energy needs. UNIT III (11 Periods) Environmental pollution & management: Environmental pollution: types, causes, effects and controls; Air, water, soil and noise pollution, Solid waste management: Control measures of urban and industrial waste. Climate change, global warming, ozone layer depletion, acid rain and their impact on human communities and agriculture. Environment Laws: Environment Protection Act, Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, Water (Prevention and control of pollution) Act, Wildlife Protection Act, Forest Conservation Act; International agreements: Montreal and Kyoto protocols and Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD); Nature reserves, tribal populations and rights, and human wildlife conflicts in Indian context. UNIT IV (6 Periods) Environment & social issues: Human population growth: Impacts on environment, human health and welfare; Resettlement and rehabilitation of project affected persons; case studies; Disaster management: floods, earthquake, cyclones and landslides; Environmental movements: Chipko, Silent valley, Bishnois of Rajasthan; Environmental ethics: Role of Indian and other religions and cultures in environmental conservation; environmental communication and public awareness. Recommended AICTE Suggested Textbook: 1. Environmental Studies, S.C. Sharma, Khanna Publishing House 2. A Textbook of Environmental Studies, Erach Bharucha, University Press 3. Environmental Studies, Rajagopala, Oxford University Press Learning resources 1. Carson, R. 2002. Silent Spring. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 2. Gadgil, M., & Guha, R. 1993. This Fissured Land: An Ecological History of India. Univ. of California Press. 3. Gleeson, B. and Low, N. (eds.) 1999. Global Ethics and Environment, London, Routledge. 4. Gleick, P. H. 1993. Water in Crisis. Pacific Institute for Studies in Dev., Environment & Security. Stockholm Env. Institute, Oxford Univ. Press. 5. Groom, Martha J., Gary K. Meffe, and Carl Ronald Carroll. Principles of Conservation Biology. Sunderland: Sinauer Associates, 2006. 6. Grumbine, R. Edward, and Pandit, M.K. 2013. Threats from India’s Himalaya dams. Science,339: 36- 37. 7. McCully, P. 1996. Rivers no more: the environmental effects of dams (pp. 29-64). Zed Books. 8. Pepper, I.L., Gerba, C.P. & Brusseau, M.L. 2011. Environmental and Pollution Science. Academic Press. 9. Rao, M.N. & Datta, A.K. 1987. Waste Water Treatment. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. 10. Raven, P.H., Hassenzahl, D.M. & Berg, L.R. 2012. Environment. 8th edition. John Wiley & Sons.  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) 11. Rosencranz, A., Divan, S., & Noble, M. L. 2001. Environmental law and policy in India. Tripathi 1992. 12. Sengupta, R. 2003. Ecology and economics: An approach to sustainable development. OUP. 13. Singh, J.S., Singh, S.P. and Gupta, S.R. 2014. Ecology, Environmental Science and 14. Wilson, E. O. 2006. The Creation: An appeal to save life on earth. New York: Norton. 15. World Commission on Environment and Development. 1987. Our Common Future. Oxford University Press. AECMC202 - COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS Total Marks-100 Credit-2 Lecture Hour- 40L UNIT 1: Basic concept of Computer System 4L Introduction, Characteristics of Computer, Components of Computer, Basic organization of Computer System (I/P, O/P, Memory & CPU units). Generation of Computer: 1st to 4th generations with characteristics. UNIT 2: Operating System Introduction 2L What operation systems do? Operations of OS. Evolution of OS – Batch processing, Multiprogramming, Time sharing, Distributed. Process Management 12L Process concept, Process States, Process control block (PCB) Process scheduling: Schedulers (long-term, short-term and medium-term), Context switching, scheduling criteria, scheduling algorithms (FCFS, SJF, Priority, RR), Multilevel Queue scheduling and Multilevel Feedback Queue scheduling. Threads: Concept, Models, Multi-threading example (word processor). Process Synchronization: Cooperating process, Critical-Section problem and solution, Semaphores (Binary & counting). Deadlocks: Concept, Resource Allocation Graph, Necessary conditions for Deadlock, Handling deadlocks: Deadlock prevention and avoidance. Concept of Banker's algorithm with example, Deadlock recovery.  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) File Management 4L File concepts: File attributes, File types, File operations and File structure. File accessing methods (sequential and direct). File directories type (single-level, two-level and tree-level). File mounting and file sharing. Implementation of Directory (Linear list and Hash list). File Allocation methods (contagious, linked and index). UNIT 3: Digital Logic 12L Number System: Positional & Non-Positional, Representation of positional number system, Classification of positional number system (Decimal, Binary, Octal, Hexadecimal). Inter-conversion: among known and unknown bases. Digital Logic: addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, r's complement & (r-1)'s complement. Boolean Algebra & Logic Gates Basic laws and postulates, Huntington postulates, Duality. Logic Gates: AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR & XNOR with truth table. Boolean Functions: Representation (Boolean expression, Truth Table & Circuit Diagram), Canonical Form (SOP, POS), Conversion between canonical forms. UNIT 4: Basic Computing Lab Basic Operating System Commands 3L Listing directory contents, creating directory, changing directory. Creating file, copying & moving files, renaming & removing files. Date & time commands. Pipe & batch command concepts. Familiar with OS interface 1L Customising desktop, arranging files & directories etc. Office applications 2L Word Processor Application Spreadsheet Application Presentation Application --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Learning Resources: Computer Fundamentals – by Pradeep K Sinha, Priti Sinha Computer Fundamentals – by R.S. Salaria, Khanna Publishing House Operating System Concepts – by Abraham Silberschatz, Peter B. Galvin, Gerg Gange Operating System – by P. Bala Krishna Prasad Digital Design - by M. Morris R. Mano (Author), Michael D. Ciletti (Author) Digital Logic and Computer Design – by M. Morris Mano ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) GEMc 201: INDUSTRIAL AND FOOD MICROBIOLOGY (THEORY) SEMESTER – II Full Marks: 100 TOTAL HOURS: 60 CREDITS: (3+1) =4 Unit 1 Introduction to Industrial microbiology No. of Hours: 15 Brief history and developments in industrial microbiology Types of fermentation processes - solid state, liquid state, batch, fed-batch and continuous Types of fermenters – laboratory, pilot-scale and production fermenters Components of a typical continuously stirred tank bioreactor Unit 2 Isolation of Industrial Strains and Fermentation Medium No. of Hours: 8 Primary and secondary screening. Preservation and maintenance of industrial strains Ingredients used in fermentation medium - molasses, corn steep liquor, whey & Yeast extract Unit 3 Microbial fermentation processes No. of Hours: 15 Downstream processing - filtration, centrifugation, cell disruption, solvent extraction. Microbial production of industrial products - citric acid, ethanol and penicillin. Industrial production and uses of the enzymes - amylases, proteases, lipases and cellulases Unit 4 Fermented foods No. of Hours: 10 Dairy starter cultures, fermented dairy products: yoghurt, acidophilus milk, kumiss, kefir, curds and cheese, other fermented foods: dosa, sauerkraut, soy sauce and tampeh, Probiotics: Health benefits, types of microorganisms used, probiotic foods available in market. Unit 5 Food packaging: No. of Hours: 12 Introduction to packaging, Packaging operation, package-functions and design, Principle in the development of protective packaging, Deteriorative changes in foodstuff and packaging methods for prevention, shelf life of packaged foodstuff, methods to extend shelf-life, Food containers-rigid containers, corrosion of containers (Tin plate), Flexible packaging materials and their properties, Food packaging materials and their properties, Food packages-bags, pouches, wrappers, carton and other traditional package, Biodegradable packaging. GEMc291: INDUSTRIAL AND FOOD MICROBIOLOGY (PRACTICAL) SEMESTER – II Full Marks: 100 TOTAL HOURS: 40 CREDITS: 2 1. Microbial fermentation for the production and estimation of amylase 2. Microbial fermentation for the production and estimation of citric acid 3. Microbial fermentation for the production and estimation of ethanol 4. Determination of the microbiological quality of milk sample by MBRT 5. Isolation of bacteria,fungi, actinomycetes from spoilt bread/fruits/vegetables 6. Preparation of Yogurt/Dahi  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) SUGGESTED READING 1. Crueger W and Crueger A. (2000). Biotechnology: A textbook of Industrial Microbiology. 2nd Edition. Panima Publishing Company, New Delhi 2. Patel AH. (1996). Industrial Microbiology.1st Edition. MacMillan India Limited Publishing Company Ltd. New Delhi, India 3. Tortora GJ, Funke BR, and Case CL. (2008). Microbiology: An introduction.9th Edition. Pearson Education 4. Willey JM, Sherwood LM AND Woolverton CJ (2013), Prescott, Harley and Klein’s Microbiology.9th Edition. McGraw Hill Higher education 5. Casida LE. (1991). Industrial Microbiology. 1st edition. Wiley Eastern Limited. 6. Stanbury PF, Whitaker A and Hall SJ. (2006). Principles of Fermentation Technology. 2nd edition, Elsevier Science Ltd. 7. Adams MR and Moss MO. (1995). Food Microbiology. 4th edition, New Age International (P) Limited Publishers, New Delhi, India. 8. Banwart JM. (1987). Basic Food Microbiology. 1st edition. CBS Publishers and Distributors, Delhi, India. 9. Frazier WC and Westhoff DC. (1992). Food Microbiology. 3rd edition. Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd, New Delhi, India. 10. Jay JM, Loessner MJ and Golden DA. (2005). Modern Food Microbiology. 7th edition, CBS Publishers and Distributors, Delhi, India. GEMc-202: CHEMISTRY I (THEORY) SEMESTER –II Full Marks: 100 TOTAL HOURS: 60 CREDITS: (3+1) =4 1. Atomic Structure: No. of Hours: 6 Bohr’s atomic model & limitation. Idea of de Broglie matter weaves. Hisenberg’s uncertainty principle. Schrodinger’s wave equation. Significance of wave function. Quantum numbers. Multi electron system- Pauli’s exclusion principal, Hunds rules of maximum multiplicity. Stability of halffilled full field orbitals, Aufbau principal & its limitation. Electronic configuration of atoms. 2. Radioactivity and Nuclear Structure of Atoms: No. of Hours: 6 Radioactive disintegration series, group displacement law, law of radioactive decay, half-life and average life of radio elements, radioactive equilibrium, and measurement of radioactivity. Stability of atomic nucleus, n/p ratio. Radioisotopes and their application: Determination of age of earth, radio carbon dating, Medicinal and agriculture use of isotopes, hazards of radio activity. 3. Chemical Bonding and Structure: No. of Hours: 6 (a) Ionic Bonding: General characteristics of ionic compounds: ionization energy, electron affinity etc. Sizes of ions, radius ratio rule and its limitation. Lattice energy, Born-Haber cycle. (b) Covalent Bonding: General characteristics of covalent compounds, valence bond approach, directional character of covalent bond, hybridization involving s-, p- and d- orbitals. Valence State Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) concept, shapes of simple molecules and ions. Fajan’s Rules.  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) Hydrogen bonding and its effect on physical and chemical properties. Others types of molecular interaction. 4 Acids-Bases and Solvents No. of Hours: 5 Modern concepts of acids and bases: Arrhenius theory, theory of solvent syst em, Bronsted and Lowry’s concept, Lewis concept with typical examples, applicationsnand limitations. Strengths of acids and bases (elementary idea). Ionization of weak acids and bases in aqueous solution, ionization constants, ionic product of water, pH scale 5. Nomenclature and Bonding in organic compounds: No. of Hours: 5 Classification, trivial names and IUPAC system of nomenclature of organic compounds. Nature of covalent bond and its orbital representation. Hybridization, bond energy, polarity of bond & dipole moment of molecules, inductive effect, hydrogen bond, conjugation, resonance. Haemolytic & heterolytic fission of bonds electrophiles & nucleophiles, carbocation, carbanions and radicals- there stability, geometry & generation. 6. Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes: No. of Hours: 5 Isomerism, synthesis, chemical reactivity of alkanes, Mechanism of free radical halogenation of alkanes, sulphonation of alkanes. Chemical reactivity, hydrogenation, heat of hydrogenation and stability of alkanes, electrophilic addition reaction & mechanism, halogenation, hydrohalogenation, hydration, hydroboration, Markownikoffs rule, peroxide effect, 1-3 dipolar addition (only formation no details mechanism is required). Alkyne synthesis hydration, substitution reactions, polymerization. Mechanism of SN1 & SN2 reaction, E1&E2 reaction (elementary treatment) of aliphatic hydrocarbon. Saytzeff& Hofmann elimination. 7. Aromatics Hydrocarbons and Aromatic substitution reactions: No. of Hours: 5 Isomerism of aromatic compounds, their nomenclature, structure of benzene ring. General mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution (elementary treatment) Methods of synthesis, nitration, Sulphonation, halogenation.Friedel-crafts alkylation and acylation, reaction, nuclear and side chain halogination..Mechanism of Nucleophilic and electrophilic aromatic substitution. 8 Stereochemistry: No. of Hours: 5 Dissymmetric Molecules: Different types of Isomerism,Structural Isomers, Geometrical, Stereoisomerism, Configurational Isomers, Conformational Isomers, Concept of asymmetric carbon atom, Enantiomers, Diastereiosmers, Stereogenic atom / center, Chirotopic / Achirotopic Centre, Protereoisomerism, Concept of Topicity of Ligands and Faces (Homotopic, Enantiotopic, Diastereotopic atoms and groups; Prochiral, Homotopic, Enantiotopic, Diastereotopic Faces), Projection Structures of Streoisomers (Fischer, Sawhorse, Newman, Flying-Wedge projection and Interconversion of these projections formulas) of simple molecules containing one or two asymmetric carbon atom, Optical isomerism, Optical activity, Element of symmetry and chirality, Meso compounds, Chiral centers and the number of stereoisomers, Racemic modifications, Racemic mixture or (+/-)-Conglomerate, Racemic Compounds or racenate, Stereochemical nomenclature of Stereoisomers containing chiral centers(R/S and E/Z or cis-trans or sec cis- sec trans of C=C system);D,L system of designation; Pro-R, Pro-S, Re,  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) Si, Erythro, threo, Pref and Praf designation of enantiotopic groups and atoms; Chirality of Organic molecules without chiral center and concept of chiral axis. 9.Alcohols, Ethers and phenols: No. of Hours: 5 Methods of synthesis, physical properties, distinction of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols. Chemical reactivity. Ethers, methods of synthesis, Chemical reactivity. physical properties acidic character of phenols, chemical reaction –Reimer-Tiemann reaction, Fries rearrangement, Kolbe’s reaction, phenol formaldehyde resins (Lederer-Manasse reaction) Cresols, nitro and amino phenols (Synthesis only). 10 Aldehydes and ketones: No. of Hours: 5 Methods of synthesis of aldehydes and ketones, chemical reactivity of carbonyl group, cannizzaro reaction and aldol condensation, relative reactivities of aldehyde and ketones. Perking reaction, benzoine condensation, Claisen condensation. 11 Carboxylic acid and their derivatives: No. of Hours: 4 Methodes of synthesis, acidity of aliphatic and aromatic acid, effects of substitutents on acidity (simple cases). Chemical reactivity. Mechanism of esterification. Methods of synthesis and reaction of acid halides, amides, esters and anhydrides. AICTE Recommended Suggested Books: 1. Engineering Chemistry, Satyaprakash & Manisha Agarwal, Khanna Publishing House 2. A Text Book of Engg. Chemistry, Shashi Chawla, Dhanpat Rai & Co. (P) Ltd. 3. Essentials of Physical Chemistry, Bahl&Tuli, S.Chand Publishing 4. Applied Chemistry, Sunita Rattan, Kataria 5. Engineering Chemistry, Baskar, Wiley 6. Engineering Chemistry – I, D. GrourKrishana, Vikas Publishing 7. Laboratory Manual Engg. Chemistry, Anupma Rajput, Dhanpat Rai & Co. GEMc-292: CHEMISTRY I (PRACTICAL) SEMESTER – II Full Marks: 100 TOTAL HOURS: 40 CREDITS: 2 1. Qualitative organic analysis: [30 lectures] Detection of elements (N, S, Cl, Br, I), unsaturation & all the functional groups ( alcoholic & phenolic hydroxyl/ aldehydic & ketonic carbonyl / carboxylic acid & aromatic amino, anilide and nitro) present in a supplied mono- or bi- functional organic compounds. 2. Gravimetric Analysis: [30 lectures] Techniques of Precipitations, filtration, washing, drying, igniting and weighing precipitates. Gravimatric estimation of any ion. Determination of hardness water. Estimation of glucose & phenol.  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) GEMc-203: INHERITANCE BIOLOGY (THEORY) SEMESTER –II Full Marks: 75 TOTAL HOURS: 60 CREDITS: (3+1) =4 Unit 1. Introduction to Genetics – No. of Hours: 4 An overview of modern history of Genetics before 1860, 1860-1900, 1900-1944, 1944-Present, About 3 general areas of Genetics (Classical, Molecular & Evolutionary). Unit 2. Mendelian principle and Extension of Mendelism No. of Hours: 8 Mendel’s principles, applications of Mendel’s principles, Chromosome Theory of Heredity (Sutton- Boveri), Inheritance patterns, phenomenon of Dominance, Inheritance patterns in Human (Sex-linked, Autosomal, Unifactorial, Multi-factorial). Deviation from Mendel’s Dihybrid phenotype, Bateson & Punnet’s Coupling & Repulsion hypothesis. Unit 3Linkage & Crossing over- No. of Hours: 8 Chromosome theory of Linkage, kinds of linkage, linkage groups, Sutton’s view on linkage, Morgan’s view on linkage, types of Crossing over, mechanism of Meiotic Crossing over, theories about the mechanism of Crossing over, cytological detection of Crossing over, significance of Crossing over. Unit4. Allelic Variation & Gene function– No. of Hours: 6 Multiple allele, Epiststic and Non-Epistatic inter-allelic genetic interactions, Atavism/Reversion, Penetrance (complete & incomplete), Expressivity, Pleiotropism, Modifier/Modifying genes. Unit 5 Extra-chromosomal inheritance– No. of Hours: 6 Evidences for Cytoplasmic factors, cytoplasmic inheritance, extra-nuclear inheritance (mitochondrial, chloroplast), non-chromosomal inheritance, maternal inheritance, uniparental inheritance. Unit 6. Chromosomal variation in Number & Structure– No. of Hours: 10 Euploidy, Non-disjunction & Aneuploidy, Aneuploid segregation in plants and animal, Polyploidy in Plants & Animals, Induced Polyploidy, applications of Polyploidy, Chromosomal Mosaics, Polytene chromosome in Diptera, structural chromosomal variation, Chromosomal aberrations & evolution. Unit 7. Chromosome Mapping- No. of Hours: 6 Haploid mapping (2 point & 3 point cross), Diploid mapping (Tetrad analysis), determination of linkage groups, determination of map distance, determination of gene order, cytological mapping.  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) Unit8. Human Genetics– No. of Hours: 6 Human karyotype, Banding techniques, classification, use of Human Cyto-genetics in Medical science, viable monosomies & trisomies, chromosomal deletions & duplications, genetics of chromosomal inversions & translocations, human traits, Unit 9. Pedigree analysis– No. of Hours: 6 Symbols of Pedigree, Pedigrees of Sex-linked & Autosomal (dominant & recessive), Mitochondrial, Incomplete dominance & Penetrance. GEMc-293: INHERITANCE BIOLOGY (PRACTICALS) SEMESTER –II Full Marks: 100 TOTAL HOURS: 40 CREDITS: 2 1. Preparation of Mitotic Chromosome from human Leucocytes. 2. Study of salivary gland chromosomes in Drosophila 3. Problems on Linkage and Crossing over in Eukaryotes 4. Tetrad Analysis in Neurospora /and Aspergillus 5. Study of Polyploidy in plants 6. Barr body / drumstick identification SUGGESTED READING 1. Gardner EJ, Simmons MJ, Snustad DP (2008). Principles of Genetics. 8th Ed. Wiley-India 2. Snustad DP, Simmons MJ (2011). Principles of Genetics. 6th Ed. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 3. Weaver RF, Hedrick PW (1997). Genetics. 3rd Ed. McGraw-Hill Education 4. Klug WS, Cummings MR, Spencer CA, Palladino M (2012). Concepts of Genetics. 10th Ed. Benjamin Cummings 5. Griffith AJF, Wessler SR, Lewontin RC, Carroll SB. (2007). Introduction to Genetic Analysis. 9th Ed. W.H.Freeman and Co., New York 6. Hartl DL, Jones EW (2009). Genetics: Analysis of Genes and Genomes. 7th Ed, Jones and Bartlett Publishers 7. Russell PJ. (2009). i Genetics - A Molecular Approach. 3rd Ed, Benjamin Cummings  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) SEMESTER III CMc-301: MICROBIAL GENETICS (THEORY) SEMESTER –III : Full Marks: 100 TOTAL HOURS: 60 CREDITS: (3+1) =4 Unit 1 Genome Organization and Mutations No. of Hours: 18 Structural organization: of E. coli, Saccharomyces, Archeal genome. Mutations and mutagenesis: Definition and types of Mutations; Physical and chemical mutagens; Molecular basis of mutations; Functional mutants (loss and gain of function mutants); Uses of Mutations Reversion and suppression: True revertants; Intra- and inter-genic suppression; Ames test; Mutator genes Unit 2 Plasmids No. of Hours: 10 Types of plasmids – F plasmid, R Plasmids, colicinogenic plasmids, Ti plasmids, linear plasmids, yeast- 2 μ plasmid, Plasmid replication and partitioning, Host range, plasmid-incompatibility, plasmid amplification, Regulation of copy number, curing of plasmids Unit 3 Mechanisms of Genetic Exchange No. of Hours: 12 Transformation - Discovery, mechanism of natural competence Conjugation - Discovery, mechanism, Hfr and Fʹ strains, Interrupted mating technique and time of entry mapping Transduction - Generalized transduction, specialized transduction, LFT & HFT lysates, Mapping by recombination and co-transduction of markers Unit 4 Phage Genetics No. of Hours: 8 Stages in the Lytic Life Cycle of a typical phage, Properties of a phage infected bacterial culture, Specificity in phage infection, E. coli PhageT4, T7, X 174 E.coli phage lambda, Immunity to infection, Prophage integration, Induction of prophage, Induction & Prophage excision, Repressor, Structure of the operator and binding of the repressor and the Cro product, Decision between the lytic and lysogenic Cycles, Unit 5 Transposable elements No. of Hours: 12 Prokaryotic transposable elements – Insertion Sequences, composite and non-composite transposons, Replicative and Non replicative transposition, Mu transposon Eukaryotic transposable elements - Yeast (Ty retrotransposon), Drosophila (P elements), Maize (Ac/Ds) Uses of transposons and transposition CMc-391: MICROBIAL GENETICS (PRACTICAL) SEMESTER –IV Full Marks: 25 TOTAL HOURS: 40 CREDITS: 2 1. Preparation of Master and Replica Plates  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) 2. Study the effect of chemical (HNO2) and physical (UV) mutagens on bacterial cells 3. Study survival curve of bacteria after exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light 4. Isolation of Plasmid DNA from E.coli 5. Study different conformations of plasmid DNA through Agarose gel electrophoresis. 6. Demonstration of Bacterial Conjugation 7. Demonstration of bacterial transformation and transduction 8. Demonstration of AMES test CMC-302: ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY (THEORY) SEMESTER –III : Full Marks: 100 TOTAL HOURS: 60 CREDITS: (3+1) =4 Unit 1 Microorganisms and their Habitats No. of Hours: 16 Structure and function of ecosystems Terrestrial Environment: Soil profile and soil microflora Aquatic Environment: Microflora of fresh water and marine habitats Atmosphere: Aeromicroflora and dispersal of microbes Animal Environment: Microbes in/on human body (Microbiomics) & animal (ruminants) body. Extreme Habitats: Extremophiles: Microbes thriving at high & low temperatures, pH, high hydrostatic & osmotic pressures, salinity, & low nutrient levels. Microbial succession in decomposition of plant organic matter Unit 2 Microbial Interactions No. of Hours: 10 Microbe interactions: Mutualism, synergism, commensalism, competition, amensalism, parasitism, Predation. Microbe-Plant interaction: Symbiotic and non-symbiotic interactions Microbe-animal interaction: Microbes in ruminants, nematophagus fungi and symbiotic luminescent Bacteria. Unit 3 Biogeochemical Cycling No. of Hours: 14 Carbon cycle: Microbial degradation of cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin and chitin Nitrogen cycle: Nitrogen fixation, ammonification, nitrification, denitrification and nitrate reduction. Phosphorus cycle: Phosphate immobilization and solubilisation Sulphur cycle: Microbes involved in sulphur cycle Other elemental cycles: Iron and manganese. Unit 4 Waste Management No. of Hours: 7 Solid Waste management: Sources and types of solid waste, Methods of solid waste disposal (Composting and sanitary landfill) Liquid waste management: Composition and strength of sewage (BOD and COD), Primary, Secondary (oxidation ponds, trickling filter, activated sludge process and septic tank) and tertiary Sewage treatment.  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) Unit 5 Microbial Bioremediation No. of Hours: 8 Principle and types of bioremediation. Overview on the microbial bioremediation of inorganic (metals) matter and biodegradation of common organic pollutants (pesticides, hydrocarbons, and, biosurfactants). Unit 6 Water Potability No. of Hours: 5 Treatment and safety of drinking (potable) water, methods to detect potability of water samples: (a) Standard qualitative procedure: presumptive test/MPN test, confirmed and completed tests for faecal coliforms (b) Membrane filter technique and (c) Presence/absence tests. CMc-392: ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY (PRACTICAL) SEMESTER –IV Full Marks: 100 TOTAL HOURS: 40 CREDITS: 2 1. Analysis of soil - pH, moisture content, water holding capacity, percolation, capillary action. 2. Isolation of microbes (bacteria & fungi) from soil (28ºC & 45ºC ). 3. Isolation of microbes (bacteria & fungi) from rhizosphere and rhizoplane. 4. Assessment of microbiological quality of water. 5. Determination of BOD of waste water sample. 6. Study the presence of microbial activity by detecting (qualitatively) enzymes (dehydrogenase, amylase, urease) in soil. 7. Isolation of Rhizobium from root nodules. SUGGESTED READINGS 1. Atlas RM and Bartha R. (2000). Microbial Ecology: Fundamentals & Applications. 4th edition. Benjamin/Cummings Science Publishing, USA 2. Madigan MT, Martinko JM and Parker J. (2014). Brock Biology of Microorganisms. 14th edition. Pearson/ Benjamin Cummings 3. Maier RM, Pepper IL and Gerba CP. (2009). Environmental Microbiology. 2nd edition, Academic Press 4. Okafor, N (2011). Environmental Microbiology of Aquatic & Waste systems. 1st edition, Springer, New York 5. Singh A, Kuhad, RC & Ward OP (2009). Advances in Applied Bioremediation. Volume 17, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Hedeilberg 6. Barton LL & Northup DE (2011). Microbial Ecology. 1st edition, Wiley Blackwell, USA 7. Campbell RE. (1983). Microbial Ecology. Blackwell Scientific Publication, Oxford, England. 8. Coyne MS. (2001). Soil Microbiology: An Exploratory Approach. Delmar Thomson Learning. 9. Lynch JM & Hobbie JE. (1988). Microorganisms in Action: Concepts & Application in Microbial Ecology. Blackwell Scientific Publication, U.K. 10. Martin A. (1977). An Introduction to Soil Microbiology. 2nd edition. John Wiley & Sons Inc. New York & London.  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) 11. Stolp H. (1988). Microbial Ecology: Organisms Habitats Activities. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England. 12. Subba Rao NS. (1999). Soil Microbiology. 4th edition. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. New Delhi. 13. Willey JM, Sherwood LM, and Woolverton CJ. (2013). Prescott’s Microbiology. 9th edition. McGraw Hill Higher Education. CMc-303: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (THEORY) SEMESTER –III: Full Marks: 100 TOTAL HOURS: 60 CREDITS: (3+1) =4 UNIT I: DNA structure and replication (10 periods) DNA as genetic material, structure of DNA, Types of DNA, Replication of DNA in prokaryotes and Eukaryotes, Semiconservative nature of DNA replication, Bi-directional replication, DNA polymerases, The replication complex: Pre-primming proteins, primosome, replisome, Rolling circle replication, Unique aspects of eukaryotic chromosome replication, Fidelity of replication. UNIT II: DNA damage, repair, nonhomologous and homologous recombination (12 periods) DNA damage and repair: causes and types of DNA damage, mechanism of DNA repair: Photo-reactivation, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, mismatch repair, translesion synthesis, recombinational repair, nonhomologous end joining. Homologous recombination:models and mechanism. UNIT III: Transcription and RNA processing (10 Periods) RNA structure and types of RNA, Transcription in eukaryotes: Eukaryotic RNA polymerases, transcription factors, promoters,enhancers, mechanism of transcription initiation, promoter clearance and elongation RNA splicing and processing: processing of pre-mRNA: 5’ cap formation, polyadenylation, splicing, rRNA and tRNA splicing. UNIT IV: Regulation of gene expression and translation (12 Periods) Regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes: Operon concept (inducible and system), Genetic code and its characteristics, Prokaryotic and eukaryotic eukaryotic translation: ribosome structure and assembly, Charging of tRNA, aminoacyl tRNA synthetases, Mechanism of initiation, elongation and termination of polypeptides, Fidelity of translation, Inhibitors of translation., Posttranslational modifications of proteins. UNIT V: How to clone a gene- (16 Periods) What is clone, overview of the procedure, Gene library, hybridization Cutting and Joining DNA- Restriction Endonucleases, Ligation, Alkaline phosphate, Modification of Restriction fragment ends, Other ways of joining DNA molecules.  MAULANA ABUL KALAM AZAD UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, WB Syllabus for B.Sc. in Micro Biology (Effective for Students Admitted in Academic Session 2018-2019) Plasmid vectors, Vectors based on the lambda bacteriophage, cosmids, M13 vectors, Expression vectors, Vectors for cloning and expression in Eukaryotic cells, Super vectors- YACs and BACs CBT 393(Practical)[lab On Molecular Biology] (Wherever wet lab experiments are not possible the principles and concepts can be demonstrated through any other material or medium including videos/virtual labs etc.) Full marks 100 Credit 2 Laboratory Period 40L 1. Preparation of buffers and solutions for molecular biology experiments 2. DNA isolation from Cabbage leaves/ goat liver/Human blood and Microbes 3. Plasmid DNA isolation 4. Agarose gel Electrophoresis of genomic DNA and plasmid DNA 5. Preparation of restriction digestion of DNA samples 6. Gel Documentation and photography Learning Resources 1. Gene, 6th edition, Cold Spring Harbour Lab. Press, Pearson Publication 2. Becker WM, Kleinsmith LJ, Hardin J and Bertoni GP (2009) The World of the Cell, 7th edition,Pearson Benjamin Cummings Publishing, San Francisco 3. De Robertis EDP and De Robertis EMF (2006) Cell and Molecular Biology, 8th edition. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia 4. Kar