KIN 1010 Week 2 Mental Health & Psychological Disorders Lecture 1 PDF

MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERSKin1010 -Week Two Dr. Richard Bucciarelli 9/15/20 2  Updates Overview of mental health issues Common psychological disorders Stress response Stress management strategies 9/15/20 2...

MENTAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERSKin1010 -Week Two Dr. Richard Bucciarelli 9/15/20 2  Updates Overview of mental health issues Common psychological disorders Stress response Stress management strategies 9/15/20 2  LO 1 PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH IS… Important to every dimension of wellness. Our capacity to think, feel, and behave in ways that contribute to our ability to enjoy life and manage challenges. Not merely the presence of wellness or the absence of sickness… Psychological health is influenced by a variety of factors (e.g., diet, sleep patterns, relationship issues). 3  LO 2,3 ACHIEVING HEALTHY SELF-ESTEEM Begins in childhood by feeling loved, feeling one can give love, and having a sense that one can accomplish goals. Integration, or feeling that one has created their own self-concept rather than adopting an image that others have created, is essential to a positive self-concept. Stability depends on the integration of the self and its freedom from contradictions. 4  LO 2 Everyone must learn to cope with life's large and small challenges. Throughout our lives, we will continue to grow psychologically, developing new and more sophisticated coping mechanisms. 5  Adapting well in face of adversity, trauma, tragedy, stress “bouncing back” from difficult experiences It is not a personality trait, Resilience is a set of behaviours, actions, thoughts that people use to get through these stressful and traumatic life events. What factors are associated with resilience? Having caring & supportive relationships Capacity to carry out realistic plans Positive view of self and self-confidence in abilities Communication and problem-solving skills Being able to manage feelings and impulses 6 Source: APA  Maximum Mental Health Diagnosis of a serious No illness or disorder illness but copes well and and positive mental has positive mental health health Maximum Minimal Mental Disorder Mental Disorder Diagnosis of a serious No diagnosable illness illness and poor mental or disorder but has health poor mental health Minimal Mental Health Associations between mental and physical health include: 1. Poor mental health is a risk factor for chronic physical conditions 2. People with serious mental health conditions are at high risk of experiencing chronic physical conditions 3. People with chronic physical conditions are at risk of developing poor mental health.  Social determinants of health impact chronic physical conditions and mental health 10  LO3 PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS Generally the result of many factors and can include genetics, learning and life events, exposure to trauma, and parental & peer influences  LO 4 ANXIETY DISORDERS Anxiety is another word for fear, especially a feeling of fear that is not in response to any definite threat. When fear is disproportionate to the actual danger, it can be considered a problem. Anxiety disorders are the most common of psychological disorders among Canadians. 12  LO 4 PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS: ANXIETY DISORDERS Simple, or specific, phobia ◦ Fear of something definite (e.g., snakes, heights) Social phobia ◦ Fear of humiliation or embarrassment while being observed by others 13  LO 4 PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS: ANXIETY DISORDERS Panic disorders Sudden unexpected surges in anxiety Rapid and strong heart beat Shortness of breath Loss of physical equilibrium Feeling of losing mental control Agoraphobia 14  LO 4 Generalized Anxiety Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (GAD) Disorder (OCD) Excessive, uncontrollable worry Obsessions – recurrent, about a variety of things unwanted thoughts anxiety in many Compulsions – situations repetitive, unwanted actions 15  LO 4 Behavioral Addictions Urges to engage in behaviour creates anxiety; Engaging in the behaviour brings relief Post-Traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Reaction to a severely traumatic event by reliving it through dreams, flashbacks, hallucinations 16  LO 4 PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS: TREATING ANXIETY DISORDERS Medication (e.g., anti- anxiety medication) Psychological interventions (e.g., cognitive-behavioural therapy) Alternative therapies (e.g., yoga, meditation) 17  www.calm.com  Research on effectiveness: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /pu bmed/22700446 www.headspace.com 18 9/15/20 19  LO 4 PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS: MOOD DISORDERS Depression affects about 11% of Canadians at some point during their lifetime Women have depression rates that are 2X higher than men 20  LO 4 PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS: MOOD DISORDERS Depression takes different forms but usually involves demoralization and can include: A feeling of sadness and hopelessness Loss of pleasure in doing usual activities Poor appetite/weight loss Insomnia/disturbed sleep Restlessness or fatigue Thoughts of worthlessness and guilt Trouble concentrating or making decisions Thoughts of death or suicide 21  LO 4 PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS: MOOD DISORDERS } Dysthymic disorder may be diagnosed in those who experience persistent symptoms of mild or moderate depression for two years or longer.  Suicide is one of the principal dangers of severe depression.  Although a suicide attempt can occur unpredictably and unaccompanied by depression, the chances are greater if symptoms are numerous and severe. 22 What are some of the challenges or barriers for people with mental illness in accessing physical activity programs? http://www.enablingminds.ca/ http://www.enablingminds.ca/resource- library/testimonials/ritas-story/ https://youtu.be/B_0fM6zWoio 23 What are the benefits of exercise for people with mental health issues?  http://www.mindingourbodies.ca/  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=13Tv4HRACfc&playerMode=embe dded 24  Recommended exercise guidelines Type of exercise WHY Benefits 9/15/20 25 LO 5 26  LO 5 RECOGNIZING THE WARNING SIGNS OF SUICIDE Expressing the wish to be Suicide by a dead family member or friend Increasing social withdrawal/isolation Readily available means of committing suicide Sudden inexplicable lightening of mood History of substance abuse or eating disorders History of previous attempts Serious medical problems 27  LO 4 PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS: MOOD DISORDERS Helping yourself or a friend… Expert help is essential Don' t be afraid to discuss suicide Do not leave a person alone if you feel the danger of suicide is immediate. Talk with an expert. 28  LO 6 PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS: MOOD DISORDERS Treating Depression 80% of Canadians respond well to treatment, however only 10% of Canadians with depression will seek treatment Treatment can be drug therapy, psychotherapy, or a combination Severe depression may be treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is typically treated with light therapy 29  LO 6 NERVE CELL COMMUNICATION 30  LO 6 PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS: MOOD DISORDERS Mania and Bipolar Disorder Gender differences Equal numbers of men and women suffer Schizophrenia General characteristics Disorganized thoughts Inappropriate emotions Delusions Auditory hallucinations Deteriorating social and work function Uncertain about what causes it 31 https://www.ted.com/talks/elyn_saks_seeing_mental_illness 32  Study of the strengths https://ppc.sas.upenn.edu/ that enable individuals and communities to thrive What is happiness? Founded on belief that https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=1HFL9MnGdrw people want to lead meaningful lives, cultivate what is best within themselves, and enhance The benefits of happiness their experiences of love, https://www.youtube.com/ work and play watch?v=IcUtVAeZwYo 33  http://campusmentalhealth.ca/blog_post/performance-and- anxiety/ https://studybreaks.com/2017/09/10/5-changes-to-make-this- school- year-alter-your-life/ 34 Kinesiology students, back to school can be stressful, visit 2nd floor LRC building & wegotyou.humber.ca for student wellness services and support 35