Key Words PDF

**Key Words:** - **Densely populated**: A lot of people live there. - **Sparsely populated**: Not many people live here. - **Population density**: The number of people per unit of area (per km²). - **Choropleth map**: A map shaded, colored, or symbolized with a legend to represen...

**Key Words:** - **Densely populated**: A lot of people live there. - **Sparsely populated**: Not many people live here. - **Population density**: The number of people per unit of area (per km²). - **Choropleth map**: A map shaded, colored, or symbolized with a legend to represent different things. - **Population distribution**: How the individuals of a population spread out across their habitat. - **Push factors**: Things that make people want to leave a place or country. - **Pull factors**: Reasons that an individual might settle in a particular country or place. - **Internal migration**: Movement of people within a country from one region to another. - **International migration**: Movement of people across international borders (countries or continents) for the purpose of settlement. - **Refugee**: A person who is forced to flee their country due to fear of persecution, war, or violence. **Image 2:** **Geography:** - Spain\'s location boosted trade; Algeria\'s desert limited economic development. **3. Urban redevelopment: Shenzhen**\ **Main problems:** - **Poor infrastructure**: Lack of roads, housing, and services. - **Economic backwardness**: It was mostly a fishing village. - **Overcrowding**: Rapid population growth strained resources. **Improvements:** - **Special economic zones**: Attracted investments that boosted the economy. - **Urban development**: Built modern infrastructure, tech parks, and housing. - **Job creation**: Provided employment opportunities for many migrants. **Success:** - Shenzhen is now a major tech hub and one of China's wealthiest cities. - Economic growth and infrastructure have transformed the city. - Ongoing challenges include overcrowding and income inequality, but the redevelopment is considered a huge success. Apologies for the inconvenience! It seems the automatic text extraction is struggling with the handwritten content. I can manually transcribe the notes for you to ensure accuracy. Let me carefully analyze the images and type out the text exactly as it appears. This may take a few moments. **Transcription of Notes from the Images:** **Image 1:** **Topics to revise:** 1. Population 2. Migration 3. Economic disparities 4. Urban development 5. Tourism **Key Words:** - **Densely populated**: A lot of people live there. - **Sparsely populated**: Not many people live here. - **Population density**: The number of people per unit of area (per km²). - **Choropleth map**: A map shaded, colored, or symbolized with a legend to represent different things. - **Population distribution**: How the individuals of a population spread out across their habitat. - **Push factors**: Things that make people want to leave a place or country. - **Pull factors**: Reasons that an individual might settle in a particular country or place. - **Internal migration**: Movement of people within a country from one region to another. - **International migration**: Movement of people across international borders (countries or continents) for the purpose of settlement. - **Refugee**: A person who is forced to flee their country due to fear of persecution, war, or violence. **Image 2:** **Geography:** - Spain\'s location boosted trade; Algeria\'s desert limited economic development. **3. Urban redevelopment: Shenzhen**\ **Main problems:** - **Poor infrastructure**: Lack of roads, housing, and services. - **Economic backwardness**: It was mostly a fishing village. - **Overcrowding**: Rapid population growth strained resources. **Improvements:** - **Special economic zones**: Attracted investments that boosted the economy. - **Urban development**: Built modern infrastructure, tech parks, and housing. - **Job creation**: Provided employment opportunities for many migrants. **Success:** - Shenzhen is now a major tech hub and one of China's wealthiest cities. - Economic growth and infrastructure have transformed the city. - Ongoing challenges include overcrowding and income inequality, but the redevelopment is considered a huge success. **Image 3:** **Sustainability**: Refers to meeting current needs without compromising future generations and their ability to meet their own needs. **Mass tourism**: Involves large-scale travel by numerous people to popular destinations. **4. Migration crisis:**\ **The migration crisis across the Mediterranean:**\ There are many reasons why people are migrating to European countries. Many European Mediterranean countries have a better economic situation; there is political stability, access to better healthcare, and in some cases, legal protection. **But why are people leaving?**\ There are many reasons for people wanting to leave their homes. Some of them include political instability, poverty, environmental challenges, and more. This leads to many problems either from the origin country or the destination: - In the origin country: skilled workers are lost, and families are separated. - In the destination: many migrants use up resources, and in some cases, this leads to xenophobia and other problems. **Responses include:**\ A mix of border control measures, humanitarian aid, policy debates, and international cooperation. 1. **Key Terms**: - **Asylum Seeker**: Someone seeking protection in another country due to fear of persecution. - **Cause**: A reason that motivates actions, events, or beliefs. - **Impacts**: The effects or consequences of an action, event, or decision. - **Responses**: Replies or reactions to trigger questions, actions, or feedback. - **Development**: The process of improvement in skills, systems, or conditions. - **HIC (High-Income Country)**, **MIC (Middle-Income Country)**, **LIC (Low-Income Country)**. - **GDP (Gross Domestic Product)**: Total value of goods and services produced in a country. - **HDI (Human Development Index)**: Measures progress in health, education, and standard of living. - **Urbanisation**: Increasing population concentration in cities leading to growth and development. - **Redevelopment**: Improving or rebuilding structures or areas for better functionality. **Page 2** 2. **Countries with Different Levels of Development**: - **Spain**: - GDP per capita: \$34,045 - Life expectancy: 84.1 years - Literacy rate: 98% - Infant mortality rate: 2-3 per 1000 births - HDI: 0.905 - **Algeria**: - GDP per capita: \$8,260 - Life expectancy: 77.13 years - Literacy rate: 81% - Infant mortality rate: 18-19 per 1000 births - HDI: 0.74 3. **Historical Reasons for Differences**: - **Colonial Legacy**: Spain gained wealth from its empire, while Algeria\'s resources were exploited by France. - **Industrialisation**: Spain industrialised early; Algeria struggled with instability and oil dependence. - **Political Stability**: Spain transitioned to democracy and growth, while Algeria faced instability and civil war. **Page 3** 4. **Mass Tourism in Rio de Janeiro**: - **Impacts**: 1. Economic Growth: Tourism creates jobs and boosts the economy. 2. Environmental Damage: Overcrowding leads to pollution and harm to beaches. 3. Safety Issues: Increased crime in tourist areas affects safety. - **Current Efforts**: 4. Sustainable Tourism: Eco-friendly initiatives and waste management. 5. Infrastructure Upgrades: Improved public transport and spaces. 6. Local Involvement: Encouraging local businesses and cultural projects. - **Proposed Actions**: 7. Diversify Tourism: Promote less crowded areas to ease pressure on hotspots. 8. Fair Distribution: Ensure tourism benefits local communities more. 9. Improve Safety: Increase security in high-tourism areas.