Midterm Exam 2024-25 Study Guide PDF

1 Midterm Exam 2024-25 Study Guide Lesson 8: Creating the Constitution 1. What was the long-term effect of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787? Territories eventually became states 2. Which group casts votes to elect the president? Electoral College 3. Why is James Madison...

1 Midterm Exam 2024-25 Study Guide Lesson 8: Creating the Constitution 1. What was the long-term effect of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787? Territories eventually became states 2. Which group casts votes to elect the president? Electoral College 3. Why is James Madison known as the “Father of the Constitution”? He was well prepared to lead the discussion at the convention 4. The delegates to the Constitutional Convention agreed to establish a republic. What does this mean? a country led by elected representatives 5. Which of these describes a federal system of government? Power is shared by the national and state governments. 6. What was the original purpose of the convention in May 1787? to revise the Articles of Confederation 7. What did the Three-Fifths Compromise call for? Each enslaved person would be counted as three-fifths of a person when determining representation in the House of Representatives. Lesson 9: The Constitution: A More perfect Union 8. Why did the delegates start the Preamble to the Constitution with the words “We, the people”? to state that government power comes from the people 9. What name is given to the Supreme Court’s power to declare a law unconstitutional? judicial review 10. What is the purpose of the system of checks and balances? to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful 11. What is the primary work of Congress? to make laws for the country 12. How is the Constitution organized? into parts called articles 13. How can amendments to the Constitution can be ratified? three-fourths of state legislatures or three-fourths of state conventions 14. Which of these describes the responsibility of the judicial branch? to resolve disputes under the law Lesson 10: The Bill of Rights 15. Which of these describes Thomas Jefferson’s belief about government and religion? Separation of church and state 16. How does freedom of the press help maintain a democratic society? It allows citizens to be informed.  2 17. What is meant by the “due process of law” included in the Fifth Amendment? The government must follow rules as it carries out the law. 18. The right to a speedy trial falls under which amendment? Sixth Amendment 19. What does the Fourth Amendment protect against? unreasonable searches and seizures 20. The Second Amendment is often at the center of debate in this country. Which of these rights does it protect? the right to own guns 21. What is the Bill of Rights? the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution Lesson 11: Political Development in the Early Republic 22. What advice did President Washington give to Americans in his Farewell Address? Do not let party loyalty divide the nation. Do not engage in permanent alliances with foreign nations. 23. What did Alexander Hamilton believe was necessary for the United States to become a great nation? A strong economy 24. What is sedition? encouraging rebellion against the government 25. What is nullification? refusing to recognize a federal law 26. What was Jefferson's view of human nature? People were naturally good 27. In regards to interpreting the U.S. Constitution, what did Republicans favor? a strict interpretation of the Constitution. 28. Do Federalists or Republicans believe in a strong central government? Federalist Lesson 12: Foreign Affairs in the Young Nation 29. What was George Washington’s foreign policy? Neutrality and isolationism 30. What was George Washington’s foreign policy based on? External threats such as Canada to the North, Spain to the South, and France declaring war with Great Britain 31. Which nation did the United States sign a Treaty of Alliance with during the American Revolution? France 32. After the outbreak of war between France and Great Britain in 1793, why did Great Britain began seizing American merchant ships? They thought that the Americans were helping France’s war effort. 33. Which event challenged the foreign policy of President John Adams?  3 French and British attacks on U.S. ships 34. What did Jay’s Treaty accomplish? Great Britain stop seizing American merchant ship and impressing American sailors. Great Britain removed all of their forts and soldiers out of the Ohio River Valley. 35. What happened during the XYZ affair? French diplomats tried to extort money from the American envoy. 36. As a result of the fallout from the XYZ Affair, did President Adams do what was best for the Federalist party or did he do what was best for the country? The country 37. How did President John Adams decision to pursue peace with France impact his political career? He lost to Thomas Jefferson in the election of 1800. 38. What event increased the tension between the United States and Great Britain in1807? The death of 21 American sailors killed that served aboard the U.S. warship Chesapeake. 39. Where was the Barbary Coast located? North African Coast 40. Which American Presidents paid tribute to the rulers of the Barbary pirates? Washington and Adams 41. Which American President refused to pay tribute to the Barbary Pirates? Jefferson 42. How did Jefferson try to end pirate attacks on U.S. merchant ships? He sent U.S. warships to the Mediterranean Sea to protect American merchant ships. 43. What was the name of the governor and future president who won the battle of Tippecanoe Creek? William Henry Harrison 44. What was the name of the famous Shawnee warriors who fought at the battle of Tippecanoe Creek? Chief Tecumseh and his brother the Prophet 45. What was the name of the lawyer who was inspired by the British bombardment of Fort McHenry to write the poem titled “The Star Spangled Banner”? Francis Scott Key 46. What is the name of the famous American general and future president who defended the city of New Orleans? Andrew Jackson 47. Who won the War of 1812? Neither side won the war. It was a draw (tie). 48. Who inspired the Mexican revolt against Spain? A Catholic priest named Miguel Hildalgo 49. Which two leaders helped to liberate South America from Spain? Simon Bolivar (Venezuelan) and Jose de San Martin (Argentina) 50. What was the goal of the Monroe Doctrine? North America and South America were no longer subject to European colonization. 4