Art History Summary: Ancient Art to Modern Art

ANCIENT ART Media Style Purpose Significant Artists Example Cave Art 40,000 years simple forms, silhouettes ago. Lascaux Cave in...

ANCIENT ART Media Style Purpose Significant Artists Example Cave Art 40,000 years simple forms, silhouettes ago. Lascaux Cave in ochre, charcoal, minerals. hunting rituals and and outlines, dynamic France features paintings Primitive tools twigs or documenting significant early hunters animals, hand stencils, of animals, human figures, animal hair events. geometric patterns and abstract symbols, Lascaux Cave Egyptian art 3000 BCE to religious, funerary Imhotep architect in 30 BCE. Focused on the stone, wood, metal, hieratic scale, frontal Significant artists - ancient Egypt, known for afterlife and the divine to papyrus poses Imhotep major designing the Pyramid of honor gods and pharaohs. Djoser. Pyramid of Djoser Greek art 800 BCE to 30 BCE. Emphasis on beauty, Zeus at Olympia Phidias, Zeus at Olympia humanism, and idealized marble, bronze, pottery naturalism, contrapposto mythology, public spaces Praxiteles, Aphrodite of representations of the Knidos (Cnidus) human form. Aphrodite of Knidos ANCIENT ART Media Style Purpose Significant Artists Example Roman art,500 BCE to 500 CE. Known for its Augustus the first Roman adaptation of Greek power, achievements, emperor. Structures like Ara Pacis portraiture, architectural influences. Emphasizing marble, frescoes, mosaics cultural values, honored the Ara Pacis and the innovations realism and everyday life, emperors and heroes Forum of Augustus or Foro reflecting the complexity di Augusto. of Roman society. Forum of Augustus Medieval art (500 to 1400 Limbourg brothers CE) is characterized by its illuminated manuscripts, educate, inspire religious brothers in the Très deep influence from the flat, outlines, bold colors stained glass, sculpture devotion Riches Heures du Duc de church, focusing primarily Berry. on religious themes. Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry ANCIENT ART Media Style Purpose Significant Artists Example Chinese painting, rooted Wang Wei, a Tang dynasty in ancient traditions, artist known for his spiritual, philosophical emphasized harmony with ink, brush, silk, rice paper landscape, calligraphy artwork, such as in A concepts nature and philosophical Solitary Temple Amid concepts. Clearing Peaks. A Solitary Temple Amid Clearing Peaks. Ukiyo-e (Japanese Print) Katsushika Hokusai, emerged in Japan during famous for The Great The Great Wave off the Edo period (1603- 1868). The term Ukiyo bokashi, vibrant colors, fleeting moments in Wave off Kanagawa, and Kanagawa wooden blocks, ink, paper landscapes, kabuki actors, Utagawa Hiroshige, known means “pictures of the bold lines, perspective beautiful person (Bijin) for his landscape series floating world" and Fifty-Three Stations of the celebrates the beauty of Tōkaidō. everyday life. Fifty-Three Stations of the Tōkaidō  TH TH EARLY MODERN ART 13 - 18 CENTURY Renaissance after Black Death (1347-1351). Celebrated human Mannerism (1520-16th Century) elongated forms, exaggerated experience and the beauty if the world, featuring religious poses, and unusual spatial relationships. themes. Parmigianino - Madonna with the Long Neck, Portrait of a Leonardo da Vinci - Mona Lisa, Last Supper Collector Michaelangelo -David, Sistine Chapel Ceiling Jacopo Pontormo - The Deposition from the Cross, Visitation Raphael -The School of Athens Madonna with Portrait of a the Long Neck Collector Mona Lisa David Sistine Chapel Ceiling The Deposition Visitation from the Cross The Last Supper The School of Athens  TH TH EARLY MODERN ART 13 - 18 CENTURY Baroque (16th-18th Century) "Barroco - irregular pearl" Rococo (18th Century) Joy and intimacy, intricate designs, soft Chiaroscuro - strong contrasts between light and dark to show colors, and asymmetrical shapes. depth and Tenebrism - dramatic lighting that highlights certain Francois Boucher - La Cage, Madame de Pompadour, The areas while leaving much in shadow. Rising of the Sun Caravaggio - The Calling of Saint Matthew, Narcissus Peter Paul Rubens - The Elevation of the Cross, Samson and Delilah The Calling of Saint Matthew The Elevation of the Cross La Cage The Rising of the Sun Madame de Pompadour Narcissus Samson and Delilah  TH EARLY MODERN ART 19 CENTURY Neoclassicism (late 18th to early 19th century) used oil paint, Romanticism (late 18th century and lasted into the mid-19th marble, and bronze. Convey moral messages and celebrate century) paint, watercolor and lithograph/ chiaroscuro, fantasy, virtues, mythology, history and literature. mythology, literature/ individualism. Jacques-Louis David - The Death of Socrates, Death of Marat Eugene Delacroix - Liberty Leading the People, The Death of Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres - La Grande Odalisque, Sardanapalus, Medea About to Kill Her Children Jupiter and Thetis Sta. Rita Medea About to Kill Her Children Liberty Leading the People The Death of Sardanapalus The Death of Socrates La Grande Odalisque Medea About to Kill Her Children Death of Marat Jupiter and Thetis Sta. Rita  TH EARLY MODERN ART 19 CENTURY Realism (mid-19th century as a reaction against Romanticism Impressionism (late 19th-Century France) broken color and and Neoclassicism) lithography and photography portray life impasto, where paint is applied thickly to create a 3D without idealization/socio-political issues effect/loose brushwork and focus on light/ immediate Gustave Courbet - The Stone Breakers, The Desperate Man perception of a scene, personal experience. Francois Millet - The Gleaners, A Winnower Claude Monet - Impression Sunrise, Water Lilies, Camille Monet and a Child in the Artist's Garden in Argenteuil The Stone Breakers The Gleaners Impression Sunrise Camille Monet and a Child in the Artist's Garden in ArgenteuiWater Lilies The Desperate Man Water Lilies A Winnower  TH EARLY MODERN ART 19 CENTURY Post-impressionism (late 19h Century, roughly from 1886 to Neo-impressionism (late 19 Century, specifically in the 1800s. It 1905, as a reaction against the limitations of Impressionism) was a reaction to Impressionism. Oil paint on canvas/ used oil paint, watercolor and pastel/ bold colors and pointillism/ emotional responses and the arrangement of forms. expressive brushwork/ impasto/ profound emotional Georges Seurat - A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La experiences and ideas. Grande Jatte, Bathers at Asnieres, The Circus Vincent Van Gogh - The Starry Night Paul Cezanne - The Basket of Apples, The Large Bathers A Sunday Afternoon on the Bathers at Asnieres Island of La Grande Jatte The Starry Night The Basket of Apples The Circus The Large Bathers  TH EARLY MODERN ART 19 CENTURY Symbolism (late 19th century - reaction against realism and Art Nouveau (late 19th century and lasted into the early 20th naturalism) utilized in poetry and theater/ dreamlike imagery, century - "New Art" broke away from traditional forms) use of vivid colors, and an emphasis on the emotional glass, iron and ceramics/decorative art/swirling shapes and experience/dreams, subconscious mind (conveying the asymmetrical designs/integrate art in every life. inexpressible). Gustav Klimt - The Kiss, Death and Life, The Three Ages of Paul Gauguin - Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Woman Where Are We Going?, When will you marry, Vision After the Sermon Where Do We Come From? The Kiss What Are We? Where Are We Going? When will you marry The Three Ages of Woman Vision After the Sermon Death and Life  TH EARLY MODERN ART 20 CENTURY Fauvism (early 20th century - comes from the French word Expressionism (early 20th century - Germany anxieties and "fauves," meaning "wild beasts") emphasis on color/ bold, non- turmoil of the modern world/painting, literature, theater, naturalistic colors, with artists applying paint directly from the film/used woodcuts and charcoal/bold colors, exaggerated tube. forms, and distorted perspectives/human existence and Henri Matisse - Woman with a Hat, Music society's issue. André Derain - Charing Cross bridge, The girl cutting apple Edvard Munch - The Scream, Separation Wassily Kandinsky - Composition VII, The Blue Rider Woman with a Hat The Scream Music Separation The girl cutting The Blue apple Rider Charing Cross bridge Composition VII  TH EARLY MODERN ART 20 CENTURY Cubism (early 20th century, primarily between 1907 and 1917) Futurism (early 20th century) Technological Advancements/ also experimented with collage and mixed media/news clippings used of bold colors, fragmented forms, and multiple and patterned paper/Analytic and Synthetic Cubism/complexity perspectives to convey motion and energy/includes Cubism and of Human Life. Abstract Art/rejects the past and celebrate the future. Pablo Picasso - Les Demoiselles d' Avignon, Portrait of Dora Umberto Boccioni - The City Rises, Horizontal Volumes Maar Giacomo Balla - Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash Georges Braque - Violin and Candlestick, Balustre et Crane Les Balustre et Demoiselles Crane d' Avignon The City Rises Horizontal Volumes Portrait of Violin & Dynamism of a Dora Maar Candlestick Dog on a Leash