Jurisprudence PDF

Basic presentation PROFESSIONAL ETHICS, JURISPRUDENCE AND CS JURISPRUDENCE the study, knowledge, or science of law.“ law, legal philosophy. Embraces all the laws enacted by the legislative body of the state, all rules and regulations promulgated by those in...

Basic presentation PROFESSIONAL ETHICS, JURISPRUDENCE AND CS JURISPRUDENCE the study, knowledge, or science of law.“ law, legal philosophy. Embraces all the laws enacted by the legislative body of the state, all rules and regulations promulgated by those in authority, court decisions and formal principles upon which laws are based. BREACH OF CONTRACT Where a contract exist and either party violating it terms Prevention of performance Failure to perform because of inconvenience of difficulty Abandonment of duty LUCID INTERVAL The person is in sound mind During lucid interval, the consent given is valid NLRC- NATIONAL LABOR RELATION COMMISSION CLASSIFICATION OF DEFECTIVE CONTRACT 1. VOIDABLE /ANNULLABLE CONTRACT ▪ those where the contract of the party is defective either because of incapacity to give consent or when the consent is vitiated by mistake, violence, intimidations, undue influence or fraud. 2. VOID/INEXISTENCE CONTRACT ▪ “VOID ABINITIO” ▪ Those which produce no legal effect for they do not exist in the eyes of the law ▪ Not subjected to ratification ▪ It is valid until there is a judicial declaration 3.UNENFORCEABLE CONTRACT ▪ Those which cannot be enforced in the court because of the existence of the following reasons: o They were entered into the behalf of another w/o authority or in excess of authority o There’s non-compliance with the statue of frauds o Both contracting parties are incapacitated CLASSIFICATION OF DEFECTIVE CONTRACT 4.RESCISSIBLE CONTRACT ▪ Those validity entered into by the contracting parties, but for having caused economic damage or lesion to one party or to a third party or for having been entered into a fraud of creditors or w/out knowledge and approval of the judicial authority.  LAW Rule of conduct pronounced by a controlling authority which may be enforced A rule of civil conduct prescribed by the supreme power in a state commanding … is right and prohibiting what is wrong ▪what SOURCE OF THE LAW 1.CONSTITUTION -Presidential decree -Republic Act 2.LEGISLATURE -Congress 3.JUDICIARY -Department of Justice Supreme Court -Court of Appeals 4.ADMINISTRATIVE -Executive Power of the President  LEGAL ASPECT 1.CIVIL LAW 3. ADMINISTRATIVE LAW Evidence is needed ▪ Ground for revocation of license Must pay for the damage Preponderance of evidence 2. CRIMINAL LAW Beyond reasonable doubt We need to be watchful Always favor of the accuse Civilly liable ▪ Should pay for damages  TERMINOLOGIES 6.LEGISLATURE 1.OBLIGATION Responsible for enacting laws Act of binding oneself to do something Congress body 2.JURISPRUDENCE 7.STATUTORY LAW Philosophy of science of law Law enacted by this body 3.PUBLIC LAW 8.JUDICIARY LAW Law in which the government is Responsible for reconciling directly involved controversies and conflicts Regulate the relationship b/w 9.COMMON LAW individual and government Body of law and accumulated 4.PRIVATE LAW decision Regulate the relationship among people 10.ADMINISTRATIVE LAW E.g. relating contract, ownership of Made by the executive law of the properties and practice of government Radiologic Technologic 11.GOOD SAMARITAN LAW 5.CONSTITUTIONAL LAW Law that holds physician and State the principle and provisions radiologic technologists harmless for establishment of specific law when rendering aid to a person in emergency situation. Terminologies 12.NARCOTIC LAW -law with its primary purpose to control 19.EUTHANASIA and suppress the illegal use and -Mercy killing distribution of narcotics. Act of painlessly putting to death of 13.Will person who is suffering from incurable -a legal declaration of a person’s or depressing disease intention upon death Criminal charge of homicide 14.TESTATOR 20.MALA INSE -One who makes the will -Act is a wrongful from the very 15.LAWSUIT beginning -Legal action in a control of law -proceeding in court for a purpose 21.MAL PROHIBITA Enforce right -There’s a law that prohibit the act To redress wrong 22. LEGAL RIGHT 16.LITIGATION - A claim which can be enforced by -Process of the lawsuit legal means against a person whose 17.PLAINTIFF duty is to respect it. -person or government bringing a 23.CIVIL CASE lawsuit against another -complainant or defendant 18.DEFENDANT 24.CRIMINAL CASE -Person being accused of a tort or crime -Plaintiff or accussed  TERMINOLOGIES 25.DUE PROCESS 32.DYING DECLARATION -a fair and orderly process which aims to -considered hearsay unless the protect and enforce a person’s right. 26.TRIAL dying person is a victim of a crime. -facts are present and determined 33.HOLOGRAPHIC WILL 27 SUMMONS -a will which is written, dated and -a writ commanding an authorized person signed by the hand of the testator to notify a party to appear in court t answer a complaints made against him. himself. 28.SUBPOENA 34.BREACH OF CONTRACT -an order that requires a person to attend -the failure, without legal cause to at a specific time and date to testify as a perform any promise which forms the witness 29.SUBOENA DUCES TECUM whole part of parts of a contract. -a subpoena that requires witness to bring 35.CAUSE document/papers in his position -a ground of legal action 30.HEARSAY EVIDENCE 36,CONSENT -rumors not admissible as evidence 31.PERJURY -approval, permission or agreement -the willful telling of a lie under oath 37.CONSIDERATION -the price, motive or matter of inducement of a contract 38.ABORTION -The expulsion of the product of conception before the fetus is viable TORTS AND CRIMES 1. TORTS ❖A wrong committed by a person against another person by his property 2.CRIME An offense against persons or property against the public. 3.NEGLIGENCE -Failure of a professional person to act at all times within accepted standards of a profession 4. MALPRACTICE -Act of negligence/acting beyond the radiologic technology standards 5. SLANDER -untruthful oral statement about a person that subjects him to ridicule Wrong defamation 6.LIBEL -Untruthful written statement about a person that subjects him to ridicule -There must be 2nd person to hear or read the comment. 7. INVASION OF PRIVACY -A wrong that involves the right of person to be left alone 8. ASSAULT -a threat or an attempt to make bodily contact with another person without person’s consent. 9.BATTERY -An assault that is carried out 10.FRAUD -will and purposeful misconduct that could or has caused loss or harm to person or property. -False presentation of some fact and the intention that it will be acted upon by another person ROBBERY AUTONOMY There is a forceful entry Person’s right to make THEFT one’s decision No forceful entry RESPECT FOR OTHERS ETHICS Acknowledge the right of A system of moral rules individual to make and principles that become decision & love by others the standard BENEFICENCE PATIENT’S RIGHT ❖ Act of mercy and charity FIDELITY Every person/parent must be treated with dignity ❖ Being faithful ❖ It involves keeping promises & Patient must be provided agreements confidentiality & privacy VERACITY PATIENT CONSENT ❖ Being honest ❖ People should always say the May be verbal, written or complete truth implied NON-MALEFICENCE ❖ The belief that a medical professional should cause no harm JUSTICE ❖ Equal rights  WHO ARE THE PERSON INVOLVED IN A LAWSUIT 1. PLAINTIFF OR COMPLAINANT- the accuser; one who initiates a lawsuit. 2. DEFENDANT OR RESPONDENT-the accused; the one who is being sued 3. WITNESS- one who testifies for or against the defendant.  WRITTEN ORDERS ISSUED BY THE COURT 1.SUMMONS- a written order to appear in court as a respondent or defendant 2.SUBPOENA DUCES TECUM- a written order to appear in court as a witness with the necessary documents. 3.SUBPOENA- a written order to appear in court as a witness 4.SEARCH WARRANT-a written order to inspect one’s property 5. WARRANT OF ARREST- a written order to detain a person.  WAYS BY WHICH CRIME MAY BE COMMITTED 1. THROUGH DOLO (DECEIPT)-the crime was performed with deliberate intent. 2. THROUGH CULPA (FAULT)- the crime resulted from lack of knowledge and skills, negligence, lack of foresight.  Classification of Felonies according to the degree of punishment attached to it. CRIME AND THEIR CORRESPONDING PENALITES: CRIME- an act committed or omitted in violation of the law FELONY- a crime punishable under the revised penal code. CONSPIRACY- where two or more persons are involved in the commission of a crime.  Classification of felonies according to the degree of punishment attached to it 1.GRAVE FELONY ❑ Punishable by imprisonment ranging from 6 years and 1 day to life imprisonment ❑ A fine exceeding P6,000.00 2.LESS GRAVE FELONY ❑ Punishable by imprisonment ranging from 1 month and 1 day to 6 years ❑ A fine of P200.00-P6,000.00 3.LIGHT FELONY ❑ Punishable by imprisonment ranging from 1 day to 30 days. ❑ A fine not exceeding P200.00  ARTICLE 4:REVISED PENAL CODE CRIMINAL LIABILITY 1) By any person committing felony although the wrongful act done be different from that which he intended. ▪ Doctrine “El que es causa de la causa es causa del mal causado” ▪ He who is the cause of the cause is the cause of the evil cause. 2) By any person performing an act which would be an offense against persons or property, where it is not for the inherent impossibility of its accomplishment or on account of the employment of inadequate or ineffectual means. CRIMES CONNECTED WITH PUBLIC OFFICE CRIMINAL LAW 1.GRAFT FELONIES/DELITOS ❖ Dishonest transaction in Act or omission punishable by public office the Revised Penal Code (Jan 1,1932) 2.BRIBERY Overt act ❖ Receiving money or gifts in Omission in action connection with the performance of official RA 7431 duties Acted in 1992 3.CORRUPTION Violation on this act is not ❖ Giving money or gift in considered felony connection with the performance of his duties  CLASSIFICATION OF FELONIES ACCORDING TO MEANS BY WHICH THEY ARE COMMITTED 1.INTENTIONAL FELONIES REQUISITES OF DOLO & ❖ Deceit (Dolo/Malice) CULPA 2.CULPABLE FELONIES 1.DOLO ❖ Fault o Freedom ❖ Negligence o Intelligence o Intent 2.CULPA o Freedom o Intelligence o Imprudent, negligence or lack of foresight or skill  KINDS OF FELONIES ACCDG TO THE DEGREE AND ATTAINMENT OF OBJECTIVES 1.ATTEMPTED FELONY The offender commences to do the criminal act and the criminal objectives was not achieve. 2.FRUSTRATED FELONY The offender has performed all the acts necessary for the commission of the crime but the criminal objectives was not achieve. 3. CONSUMMATED FELONY The offender has performed all the acts necessary for the commission of the crime and the criminal objectives was achieved.  THE PENALTIES FOR CRIMES COMMITTED 1. ARRESTO MENOR- imprisonment from 1 day to 30 days. 2. ARRESTO MAJOR- imprisonment from 1 month and one-day to 5 months. 3.PRISON CORRECTIONAL- imprisonment from 6 months and one day to 6 years 4. PRISON MAYOR- imprisonment from 6 years and 1 day to 12 years 5.RECLUSION TEMPORAL- imprisonment from 12 years and 1 day to 20 years 6.RECLUSION PERPETUA- life imprisonment. No bail recommends for crimes punishable by such. 7.Death Penalty  CRIME STAGES OF CRIME 1.Consumated 1.LARCENCY ▪ All elements executed ▪ Involves taking the w/successful result property of another for his permanent use 2.Frustrated 2.ABORTION ▪ All elements executed w/o ▪ Illegal destruction and successful result bringing forth prematurely 3.Attempted of the human fetus before natural time of birth. ▪ Not all elements executed, no successful result  DEGREE OF CRIMES 1)GRAVE ▪ Capital punishment or penalty of above 6 years and 1 day or fine of more than 6,000.00 2)LESS GRAVE ▪ Penalty of 1 month and 1 day to 6 years or fine of not more than 6,000.00 but not less than 200.00 3) LIGHT Penalty of 1 day to 30 days or fine more than 200.00 CRIMES AGAINST PERSONAL LIBERTY AND SECURITY 1.KIDNAPPING - forcible abduction of another 2. ILLEGAL DETENTION -detaining a person without a warrant 3. TRESSPASSING -Entering another personal house or property without a warrant CRIMES AGAINST CIRCUMSTANCES WHICH AFFECT PUBLIC MORALS CRIMINAL LIABILITIES 1.ILLEGAL GAMBLING-playing for 1.JUSTIFYING money ▪ Under which the law justifies a person from 2.INDECENT EXPOSURE- intentional criminal liability for the commission of a crime exposure of one’s private parts in public. Example 3.PROSTITUTION- a crime ▪ Self-defense, defense of one’s property, committed by a women to engage a defense for another sexual intercourse for pay. o Unlawful aggression MISDEMEANOR- A general name for o Reasonable necessity a criminal offense which does not in law amount to the grade of a felony o Lack of sufficient provocation ▪ Fulfillment of a lawful duty ▪ Obedience of lawful order o Order must be lawful o Superior acting within the scope of practice 2.EXEMPTING ▪ Circumstances under which law exempt a person from criminal liability for the commission of a crime Example: The offender is insane or imbecile The offender is less than 9 y/o (under RA 9344 Juvenile Justice Act) The person failed to perform an act required by law due to some lawful causes Performance of a lawful act causes injury by mere accident Under compulsion of uncontrolled force Under impulse of uncontrollable fear 3. MITIGATING 4.AGGRAVATING Those which do not constitute a Those attending the commission of justification or excuse of the offense the crime which increase the in question, but which, in fairness and mercy may be considered as criminal liability of the offender or extenuating or reducing the degree or make his guilt more severe normal culpability. Example: Example: o The offender took advantage of his public office or there was abuse of The offender had no intention to power commit the injury o The offender committed the crime in The offender is under 18 y/o or over contempt of or with 70y/o o Treachery or taking advantage of The offender was provoked or superior strength /position threatened by the offended party o Price, reward & promise o Use of fire, poison & explosion The offender voluntarily surrendered to authority o calamities o Craft/fraud The offender was suffering from a o Disguise employed physical defect o Evident premeditation o cruelty 5.ALTERNATING ❑May increase or decrease criminal liability depending in the nature and effects of the crime ❑Relationship ▪ No criminal liability but has civil liability  CRIMES AGAINST HONOR 1.DEFAMATION Injury to the honor and reputation of another ▪ SLANDER- oral defamation ▪ LIBEL- written/printed defamation ▪ SLANDER BY DEED- an act which causes dishonor to another CONSPIRACY ▪ a joint agreement of two or more persons ▪ the act of one is the act of all PERSONS INVOLVED IN A CONSPIRACY 1) PRINCIPAL ▪ Chief actor/mastermind ▪ Those person who actually do/perform the act ▪ One who is actually present and aids in the commission of an act ▪ Direct participation, induction, indispensable  PERSONS INVOLVED IN A CONSPIRACY 2.ACCESSORIES ▪ Those persons who assists or participate in the commission of a crime ▪ May assists or encourage the principal offender with the intent to have the crime committed 3. ACCOMPLICES ▪ Those persons who not take a direct part in the execution of the act, induce or cooperate through another act essential to the consumption of the crime ▪ One who is guilty of complicity in crime, either being present/abetting in it. ▪ Absent in place when it was committed ▪ Ex: Lookout  CRIMES AGAINST PERSON 1.MURDER- killing of another with criminal intention. 2.HOMICIDE- killing of another which may be committed without criminal intention. 3.PARRICIDE- killing of one’s father, mother,child,spouse, ascendants or descendants. 4.INFANTICIDE- killing of a child less than 3 years old. 5.ABORTION- killing of the fetus inside the uterus. 6.PHYSICAL INJURIES- wounding, beating or assaulting another. CRIMES AGAINST PROPERTY 1. ROBBERY- unlawful taking of another person’s property. 2. ARSON- an intentional burning of another person’s property 3. SABOTAGE- intentional damage to the property of the employer by the employee.  CRIMES AGAINST CHASTITY 1. RAPE-forcible sexual intercourse without consent. 1. ADULTERY- a sexual intercourse of a married woman with a man other than her husband. 2. CONCUBINAGE- cohabitation of a married man with a woman other than his wife.  CRIMES AGAINST CRIMES AGAINST THE CIVIL STATUS PUBLIC INTEREST OF PERSON 1.FORGERY 1.SIMULATION OF BIRTH ❖ Altering a written documents for ❖ Crime committed by one who deceit enters in a birth certificate, a 2.PERJURY birth that did not occur. ❖ Telling a lie under oath 2.SUBSTITUTION OF ONE CHILD TO ANOTHER CRIME ❖ Replacing one child with ❖ An act committed or omitted in another violation of law 3.BIGAMY FELONY ❖ Contracting a second marriage ❖ A crime punishable under the when already legally married to revised penal code another 1. ACQUITED- a person was found to be innocent or not guilty of crime committed after trial. 2. CONVICTED- a person was found to be guilty of crime committed after trial. 3. NEGLIGENCE- commission of an act that should have not been one or omission of an act that should have been done. 4. MALPRACTICE- stepping beyond one’s privilege to practice a profession. OTHER TERMS CONNECTED TO PERSONS INVOLVED IN LAWSUITS. 1. “RES IPSA LOQUITOR”- meaning “the thing speaks for itself”. No further proof or evidence is required. Ex: Fracture of a newly delivered baby due to breech presentation. 2.RESPONDENT SUPERIOR”- “Let the master answer for the acts of his subordinates”. This doctrine applies only to the actions performed by the employee within the scope of his employment. Example: An RT refuses to take x-ray examination without doctor’s order. 3. EFFECT OF “FORCE MAJEURE”- unforeseen, inevitable and irresistible force. An “act of God”. Example: An RT failed to render his service to a patient due to typhoon, flood or other unforeseen events. DOCTRINES WHICH DETERMINES THE LIABILITIES FOR DAMAGE DUE TO NEGLIGENCE.  PRC-BORT POLICIES ON COMPUTERIZATION ❑ RESOLUTION NO.265,S 93: Computerization of License Examination under the PRC by the use of Data Bank. ❑ RESOLUTION NO. 15, S-93: Computerization of Radiologic/ X-ray Technologist License Examination. Basis is the Resolution No.265,S- 93.(Computerization of License Examination for all Regulatory Boards). ❑ RESOLUTION NO.332, S-94: Amendment of PRC Rules-Sections 14 and 15, Art.III. Section 14: Questions for imputing for the test bank shall be constructed and personally prepared by the Board member assigned. ❑ Section 15: “Questions to be used in each examination subject shall be drawn at random. 2 sets of differently arranged questions shall be drawn. ❑ RESOLUTION NO. 338, S-94: Guidelines on the implementation of E.O.No.200 (September 20, 1994) “Institutionalization of the Full Computerization of Licensure Examinations Administered by the various Professional Regulatory Boards under supervision of the PRC. RESIDENCE NO.338,S-94.Art II. Establishment Operation of Computerized Test bank such as Sec.7- Establishment of the Test Bank. Sec.8- Natural and Standard, type and classification of questions and deposit in the Test Bank.(Objective, Essay and Problem Solving). Section 9-Number of Questions for deposits in the Test Bank. Sec.10-Drawing/or Extraction of Questions Sec. 11- Printing, Assembly, Packing, Sealing and Distribution Sec. 12- Security over Extraction of Questions, Printing, Assembly and Packing of Tests. RESOLUTION NO. 338, S-94: ARTICLEIII. Correction of test papers, grading, Deliberation of borderlines Cases, deciding and release of the results through the computer. Sec. 17-Decoding, Final Reporting and Release of the results. Sec.18- Reports of Rating Sec.19- Report of Performance of schools  RESOLUTION NO. 333, S-94: ARTICLE IV. MISCELLANOUS PROVISIONS Sec.20- Illegal, Immoral, Dishonorable, unprofessional Acts A. Providing, getting, receiving, holding or reproduction of questionnaires. 1. That is for imputing into, on deposit in the test bank. 2. That have been withdrawn or extracted by randomization from the test bank or printed for use in the examination subject. 3. That have been given in the examination except if the test bank for the subject has own deposit at least 2000 questions. The PRC upon complaint or moto, priopo, may investigates any person who has committed any of the above acts and/or imposes there to a disciplinary action or should he or she guilty; or may indorse the care to the proper body or Tribunal for appropriate investigation and adjudication. MEMO CIRCULAR 93-94, S-93: Guidelines on the Adoption and Formulation of Multiple choice type of tests questions. There must be at least four items to be chosen among the best. MEMO CIRCULAR NO.08, S-92: Prescription of Syllabi after Consultation with the Academe dialogues; Bases: Laws Curricular RESOLUTION NO. 14, S-93: SYLLABI for Subjects in Radiologic/X-ray technology Licensure Examinations. MEMO CIRCULAR NO.94-03, S-03, S-04: The Availment of Consultancy Services in the Effective Implementation of the Examination and Rating functions. MEMO CIRCULAR NO. 94-02, S 94: The study on the 5 year performance in the Licensure Examination of Schools (Base on CHED). MEMO CIRCULAR NO.95-03, S-95: The release of Licensure Examination results within 25 days from the last day of Exam. (Only for examinees no to exceed 10,000 allotted for nurses which has more than that). Reasons for early release: 1. Early practice 2. Early review for those who failed or has conditioned grades Irregularities: Short period 1. No time for fixers 2. More time for Regulatory functions, public trust and confidence. MEMO CIRCULAR NO. 94-01, S-94: Submission of Syllabi for the subjects in the Licensure Examination. If found: 1. Illegal practice 2. Fraud 3. Faked, expired Professional License 4. Violation of R.A.7431 P.D.NO. 223, as amended by P.D. no.657: Creating the Professional Regulation and Prescribing its Powers and Functions. RESOLUTION NO.01, S-93: Adoption of a Seal or logo for the Board of Radiologic Technology. RESOLUTION NO. 02, S-93: Registration as Radiologic Technologist of the members of the Board. RESOLUTION NO. 04, S-93: Promulgation of the Code of Ethics. RESOLUTION No.10, S 93: Promulgation of the Rules and Regulations Governing the examination, registration and Practice of Radiologic and X-ray Technologist. RESOLUTION No. ____,S-93: Accreditation of the Philippine Association of Radiologic Technologist (PART INC),pursuit to Sec 5 of P.D. 223 and ART.IX of the Rules and Regulation and Practice of Professionals. EXECUTIVE ORDER No. 496, s-91: Investituting Procedure and Criteria for the selection and the recommendation or nominees for appointment to vacant position in the Professional Regulatory Boards under the supervision of PRC. 1. Honest, Competent and Upright 2. Credible with highest integrity and efficaciousness of the Radiologic/X-ray License Examination 3. Be a role model in terms of competence, moral value and character. EXECUTIVE ORDER No.266, S-95: Institutionalization of the Continuing Professional Education (CPE) Programs of the various Professional Regulatory Boards (PRB’s) under the supervision of the PRC. RESOLUTION No.381, S-95: Standardized Guidelines and Procedures for the Implementation of the Continuing Professional Education (CPE) Programs for all Profession. Article III: Section 13; Criteria for Accreditation Article III- Section 14: Programs: Activities and Sources for Accreditation and Equivalent Credits Units. Article III- Section 16: Procedure for the Accreditation of CPE programs.  CODE OF ETHICS ARTICLE 1. RELATION WITH THE STATE AND SOCIETY Sec 1. Radiologic and X-ray Technologist should be aware of the supreme authority of the state and should adhere to the Constitution and other laws promulgated pursuant to such laws. Sec. 2. They should consider the welfare and well-being of the public and the interest of the state. Sec 3. They are encouraged to involve in civic affairs and cooperate with other organizations to promote the growth and welfare of the community. ARTICLE II. RELATIONS WITH PATIENTS/CLIENTS Sec 1. Patients are the focus in the practice of Radiologic/X-ray technology. Therefore, Radiologic/x-ray technologists must at all times act with dignity and sincerity in their work Sec.2.They should keep any data obtained in the performance of their work. Sec 3.They should not discriminate against anybody and should attend to all patients regardless of creed, race, belief or political affiliation. Sec 4. They should provide the highest level of technical know-how in the performance of their work employing empathy, compassion, and privacy to the patient and his family.  ARTICLE III. RELATION WITH OTHER ALLIED PROFESSION Sec 1. Radiologic/X-ray Technologist should bear in mind that their profession is a public tryst and that they should at all times maintain and uphold the dignity and integrity of their profession and protect it from misinterpretation. Sec.2. They should not directly or indirectly assist in any unauthorized practices of the profession. Sec 3. They should share information and experiences with their Fellow paramedical professionals participate and be active members of the accredited association. Sec.4. They should observe punctuality and keep appointments particularly in the discharge of their duties with patients. Sec. 5. They should avoid instances where their personal interest and financial gains will be in conflict with those of their patients, colleagues or employers. Sec.6. They should at all times perform their tasks with honor and dignity and should be fair and impartial to all. Sec.7. They should at all time keep reputation above reproach and conducts themselves with proper decorum to gain public esteem and respect for their profession. Sec.8. They should at all times strive to enhance professional growth through continuing education and subscription for professional journals. Sec.9. They should not degrade the reputation, competence and capability of a colleague to aggrandize themselves. Sec 10. They should encourage and provide opportunities for professional development and advancement of their colleagues. Sec 11. They should adhere to the principles of due process and equality opportunity in peer relationship and personnel actions. Sec 12. They should align personal philosophies and attitudes with those of the institutions they serve. Sec. 13. They should help create and maintain conditions under which scholarship exist like freedom of inquiry, thoughts and expression. Sec 14. They should be receptive to new ideas, knowledge and innovations that contribute to the development and growth of the profession.  ARTICLE IV. RELATION TO AGENCY Sec. 1. Radiologic/X-ray Technologist should assist in the improvement of governmental agencies, functions and the lightening of the patients’ workload. Sec 2. They should be vigilant in the protection of the equipment and materials needed to perform their duties. Sec 3. They should perform the task assigned them by their governmental agency employer in good faith and to the best of their abilities utilizing their technical skills and diligence, particularly instances where the Patients’ safety may be jeopardized by their neglect. Sec 4. They should help promote, support, assist and establish goodwill and camaraderie towards their peer employees in the paramedical professions.  ARTICLE V. RELATIONSHIP WITH ONESELF SEC 1. Radiologic Technologist should always be honest, dependable, level headed and morally upright. Sec 2. It is incumbent for them to provide for their professional growth through continuing education, attendance in seminars or subscriptions for professional journals and research materials. Sec 4. They should not allow their names to be advertised by any person or organization, unless they are employed therein. Thank you