Judaism Test PDF

JUDAISM TEST - Moses, Exodus Story, 10 Commandments - Moses led the Israelites out of Egypt during the Exodus (13th century BCE), receiving divine revelations such as the burning bush, 10 plagues, and the parting of the Red Sea. At Mount Sinai, God gave him th...

JUDAISM TEST - Moses, Exodus Story, 10 Commandments - Moses led the Israelites out of Egypt during the Exodus (13th century BCE), receiving divine revelations such as the burning bush, 10 plagues, and the parting of the Red Sea. At Mount Sinai, God gave him the 10 Commandments, uniting the people under one God. The Israelites then wandered in the desert for 40 years, seeking the Promised Land. - I : I am the lord you God: you shall not have strangeGods before me. II : you shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain. III : remember to keep holy the Lord’s day. IV : honour your father and mother V : you shall not kill VI : you shall not commit adultery. VII : you shall not steal VIII : you shall not bear false witness against your neighbour IX : you shall not covet your neighbor's wife X : you shall not covet your neighbor's good. - Role of the Patriarchs (Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Joshua) - both the physical and spiritual ancestors of Judaism.Covenant with Abraham - Chosen People, Promiseland - Jews consider themselves God's Chosen People, as God chose Abraham and led him to monotheism. They believe they are instruments of God's will, and humanity must choose God. The Promised Land gained significance during Moses' life, as the Hebrews sought to uphold the covenant and establish a community in the land, which Jews believe is Israel. - Role of Kings and Judges - Judges: tribal leaders - Kings: King Saul (first king), King David (David and Goliath), King Solomon (built temple) - Exile in Babylon, Diaspora, Maccabean Revolt, Expansion Of Roman Empire and rule - Exile in Babylon: Temple of Solomon destroyed; creation of synagogues and rabbis and concept of Messiah “anointed one” - Diaspora: dispersal of Jews outside of Israel and Hellenization – Fell under Greek influence (architecture, dress, names, bible translated) - Maccabean Revolt: Greeks converted temple into shrine for Zeus. Jews revolt, temple is rededicated to God. - Expansion of Roman Empire and rule: destroying of the temple (again), leaving only the Western Wall, emphasis on the coming Messiah to lead Jews out of oppression. Rabbinic Judaism – rabbis, synagogues, interpretative commentaries (Mishnah then later Talmud) - (beliefs) Suffering, Messiah, Monotheism, Lineage, Mitzvah,Death and Afterlife - MONOTHEISTIC-Oneness of Creator God. Human obligation to worship God. God is immaterial and indivisible. God is referred to as YHWH or YAHWEH “I am that I am” - LINEAGE- People are born a Jew (through mother) or can convert (gerut)  - MITZVAH- act of performing a good deed or commandment (ie. 10 Commandments). Bible contains total of 613 mitvah (some positive, some negative) - SUFFERING- suffering is heightened because as the Chosen People, Jews expect to suffer for all of mankind - DEATH AND AFTERLIFE - on death, body returns to earth (dust to dust) but soul returns to God who gave it. body will be resurrected and reunited with soul at a later time (therefore no cremation) - Sacred Texts – what are they? What’s the difference between them? - The Tanakh is the Jewish Bible, consisting of the Torah (Law of Moses), the Prophets, and the Writings. The Talmud is a large work that includes the Mishnah and the Gemara. The Mishnah was originally part of the Oral Torah, which was prohibited from being written down. However, in the 3rd century, it was recorded to preserve it from being lost or corrupted. The Gemara consists of the rabbis' commentary on the Mishnah. - Milestones, Festivals,Symbols - PRACTICES- Holy Ark & Torah, Blessings and prayer , Minyan, Kashruth , Shabbat, Circumcision, Shofar, Bar / Bat Mitvah, Marriage, Death & Shiva - FESTIVALS- Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur, Hanukkah, Passover - SYMBOLS- Star of David= shape of King David’s shield; symbol adopted by Zionists, Menorah= ancient source of light, 7 branched= Sabbath, 9 branched= Hanukkah - Divisions of Judaism - Orthodox, Reform, Conservative, Reconstructionist, Messianic - The Western Wall/Wailing Wall - The Western Wall in Jerusalem is a remnant of the Temple Mount's Western supporting wall, remaining intact since the destruction of the Second Jerusalem Temple in 70 CE. It became a center of mourning for the Temple's destruction and Israel's exile, symbolizing both the memory of Israel's former glory and the hope for its restoration. It is also known as the "Wailing Wall" in European languages. - Holocaust, Anti-Semitism, Zionism, Establishment Of Israel and the Middle East Conflict - ANTI SEMITISM- Jews face discrimination everywhere – including York Region and MTL - ZIONISM- the idea and promise of the return of the people of Israel to the Promiseland - HOLOCAUST- (Heb., sho'ah) which originally meant a sacrifice totally burned by fire. the annihilation of the Jews (6 million) and other groups of people of Europe (5 million) under the Nazi regime during World War II - MIDDLE EAST CONFLICT-issue of who has the rightful claim to Jerusalem Orthodox Jews- accept without question that “the Torah is from Heaven”. It is held to be “the word of God” as revealed by God to the Jewish people. Orthodox services are held in Hebrew. The Sabbath is strictly observed. Only kosher food is eaten. And, traditional gender roles are maintained. (Only men lead in worship).Orthodox Jews maintain strict Jewish practices Reform movement- believes that the Torah is a human creation, and that God allows successive generations to have a different appreciation of the truth of the Torah. The Reform movement abolished the partition in synagogues that separated men and women Conservative Judaism- holds the middle ground between Orthodox and Reform positions. Centered in the United States, this branch recognizes the human element in revelation – that God revealed the Torah both to the people and through the people. Reconstrutionist- youngest and fastest growing of the American-centred Jewish movements. Its aim is to make Jewish traditions more meaningful in today’s world. what age does a bar/ bat mitzvah occur- 14 Where was the faith of Judaism first practiced: in palestine The great patriarch of the Jewish Faith are: Abraham and Issac What does the Shabbot candle represent: peace and joy The Dreidel is used for: a game to play A talit in the Jewish Faith is: a shawl A Tanak- A Jewish book of scriptures is divided into how many sections: 3 The word B'Kol Echad means what in the Jewish faith: one voice The Sedar Tray contains how many sections- or depressions: 6 When is the 9 branch menorah used: hanukah Which meat proteins is considered Kosher: cows sheep goat For a seafood to be considered Kosher it has to have: fins and scales What makes Kosher wine different from other wines: Rabbi oversees the process and Sabbath observant Jew What is this(circular cap on head): kippah This book is called B'Kol Echad: it means one voice Who founded Judaism: moses What does Hebrew mean: from across Who were the Jewish people named after: Named after Jacobs son Judah Who made a covenant with God on behalf of Jewish people: abraham The Tribes of Judaism that come from the south are called: judah Who wrote the Torah: moses The word Torah means: law A circumcision happens at what age: two days old true or false Jewish people and the those that practise Judaism believe they are the chosen people: true Lineage into the Jewish faith is by mother: true The Torah is divided into 54 sections: true The entire Torah is read each and every year in the Jewish Faith: true Judaism is the oldest faith in the world.: true Orthodox Jews- accept without question that “the Torah is from Heaven”. It is held to be “the word of God” as revealed by God to the Jewish people. Orthodox services are held in Hebrew. The Sabbath is strictly observed. Only kosher food is eaten. And, traditional gender roles are maintained. (Only men lead in worship).Orthodox Jews maintain strict Jewish practices Reform movement- believes that the Torah is a human creation, and that God allows successive generations to have a different appreciation of the truth of the Torah. The Reform movement abolished the partition in synagogues that separated men and women Conservative Judaism- holds the middle ground between Orthodox and Reform positions. Centered in the United States, this branch recognizes the human element in revelation – that God revealed the Torah both to the people and through the people. Reconstrutionist- youngest and fastest growing of the American-centred Jewish movements. Its aim is to make Jewish traditions more meaningful in today’s world.