JP4_3 Executive Summary Edit.docx

Joint Bulk Petroleum Overview Concept of Joint Bulk Petroleum Operations Principles of Joint Bulk Petroleum Providing forces with the right fuel, in the right place, and at the right time requires planning to determine peacetime and wartime requirements, contract and allocate product, arrange for bu...

Joint Bulk Petroleum Overview Concept of Joint Bulk Petroleum Operations Principles of Joint Bulk Petroleum Providing forces with the right fuel, in the right place, and at the right time requires planning to determine peacetime and wartime requirements, contract and allocate product, arrange for bulk storage, move products forward to and within the theater, ensure quality control, issue and account for the fuel, and maintain distribution equipment and facilities. Bulk petroleum support to joint operations requires the Services to develop complementary tactical distribution systems and trained personnel to meet combatant command (CCMD) requirements while the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) is required to provide fuel to all Service component missions. Bulk petroleum requires special handling and storage and has a demand significantly larger than other supply classes. For these reasons, any viable support concept should incorporate the principles of standardization, flexibility, and interoperability. Joint Bulk Petroleum Logistics The component commands determine bulk petroleum requirements for submission to the combatant commander’s (CCDR’s) joint petroleum office (JPO) or subarea petroleum office (SAPO). The JPO or SAPO consolidates and validates the bulk petroleum requirements for planning and support purposes and provides them to Bulk Petroleum in the Joint Logistics Environment DLA Energy for sourcing, analysis, and development of a support plan. Strategic Level. The combination of Service, agency, and industry aid in the projection and long-term sustainment of the CCDR’s joint bulk petroleum requirements. The strategic level emphasis is on utilizing the industrial base to enhance the CCDR’s capabilities. Operational Level. Global providers are critical components at the operational level. The Services, working with their components, provide the necessary force structure (personnel and equipment) to organize, train, and equip bulk petroleum support forces at the operational level. Tactical Level. The responsibility to install and operate tactical petroleum storage and distribution systems usually lies with the Services. Joint Bulk Petroleum Responsibilities Bulk Petroleum Supply and Distribution Operations DLA Energy supports bulk petroleum supply and distribution operations by exercising management responsibilities for consolidation and review of requirements, procurement, funding, budgeting, storage, and designated distribution of bulk petroleum to meet operational requirements. DLA Energy exercises responsibilities for the ownership of bulk petroleum in non-tactical bulk storage through sustainment, restoration, and modernization (SRM) funding for Service bulk petroleum storage and distribution facilities. Web-Based Petroleum Contingency Report The JPOs, at the direction of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, submit two key joint petroleum reports: bulk petroleum contingency report (REPOL) and bulk petroleum capabilities report (POLCAP). The REPOL provides the Joint Staff (JS), Services, and DLA Energy with summary information on bulk petroleum inventories, a damage assessment for bulk petroleum distribution systems, and other strategic information pertaining to bulk petroleum support posture at specific bases, posts, locations, and/or forward operating bases. The POLCAP provides the Joint Staff, Services, and DLA Energy with an assessment of bulk petroleum support capabilities for contingency requirements in a specific theater. Bulk Petroleum Quality Management The two main functional areas of quality management are quality assurance (QA) and quality surveillance (QS). Contract provisions detail the quality requirements for commercial suppliers, while Department of Defense (DOD) 4140.25-M, DOD Management of Bulk Petroleum Products, Natural Gas, and Coal Acquisition and Technology, and the Military Standard (MIL- STD)-3004, Quality Assurance/Surveillance for Fuels, Lubricants, and Related Products, prescribe the quality management requirements for QA and QS performed by the government. Environmental Concerns All US military activities are required to conform to US environmental laws and guidelines as set forth in DOD issuances. Additionally, these activities must comply with all applicable state and local laws, rules, and ordinances, unless a waiver has been obtained from the appropriate authority. Petroleum Operational Contract Support and International Logistics Acquisition Agreements DLA Energy has responsibility for the centralized procurement of bulk petroleum for DOD. DOD components submit requests to the geographic combatant commander’s JPO for validation and obtain DLA Energy authority to locally purchase petroleum products in excess of the annual limits. Planning for Joint Bulk Petroleum Operations Joint Bulk Petroleum Operation Planning The JPO conducts the overall planning of petroleum logistic support for their CCMD at the strategic and operational levels. The logistics supportability analysis findings highlight logistics deficiencies and their associated risks to support theater operations. The inventory management plan identifies the petroleum inventory levels needed to support operating stocks requirements and pre-positioned war reserve requirements and specifies the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) acquires, stores, and distributes bulk petroleum with associated fuel additives to all Department of Defense (DOD) component customers wherever and whenever it is needed across the full range of operational situations. amount of petroleum product, by location, held to cover requirements. Planning considerations for joint bulk petroleum logistics includes mission, fuel requirements, infrastructure, equipment, support units, command and control, quality, interoperability of fuel transfer systems, sustainability and survivability, threat environment, sealift and other distribution methods. Executing Joint Bulk Petroleum Operations Joint Bulk Petroleum Logistics Execution DLA, through DLA Energy, establishes and maintains a DOD bulk petroleum distribution system and related programs in coordination with the Services and the combatant commands. DOD bulk petroleum inventories take into account economic resupply, safety levels, unobtainable inventory, and deliberate planning requirements. The movement and redistribution of assets are accomplished through a joint effort involving the CCMDs, Service components, and DLA Energy, interfacing with United States Transportation Command (USTRANSCOM) components for product movement outside the operational area. Normal land petroleum operations may include pipeline and/or hose-line distribution, truck distribution, tactical tank farms, airfield operations, barges, and rail tank cars. DLA, Services, and CCMDs have interrelated responsibilities to plan and execute for military construction, minor construction, operation of facilities, SRM, and environmental compliance of bulk storage and distribution facilities in support of the bulk petroleum management mission. Joint Bulk Petroleum Logistics Authorities, Responsibilities, and Roles The Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics: is responsible for establishing policies for management of bulk petroleum stocks and facilities, and for providing guidance to other DOD agencies, Joint Staff, and Services. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff: coordinates with DLA Energy, Services, and CCMDs to resolve petroleum issues. The JS J-4 is the primary agent of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff for all bulk petroleum matters. JPO has the primary responsibility of synchronizing the fuel requirements throughout the joint force. The United States Army normally provides management of overland petroleum support, including inland waterways, to US land-based forces of all DOD components. The United States Air Force (USAF) maintains the capability to provide tactical support to USAF units at improved and austere locations. It also provides distribution of bulk petroleum products by air where immediate support is needed at remote locations. The United States Navy (USN) provides seaward and over-the-shore bulk petroleum products to the high-water mark for US sea-based and land-based forces of all DOD components. The USN maintains the capability to provide bulk petroleum support to naval forces afloat and ashore (to include US Coast Guard forces assigned to DOD). The United States Marine Corps maintains a capability to provide bulk petroleum support to its units. Managing the Joint Bulk Petroleum Supply Chain Commander, United States Transportation Command The US Coast Guard coordinates petroleum requirements with the Navy. It also performs the roles and functions of a joint fuel logistics supply point when so designated. DLA Energy manages the bulk petroleum supply chain from source of supply to the point of customer acceptance. The Commander, USTRANSCOM, plans for and provides air, land, and sea transportation of fuels for DOD during peacetime and wartime. These efforts will supplement and not replace the primary responsibilities assigned to the Services and DLA. Multinational Partners An acquisition and cross-servicing agreement is usually negotiated by the CCMD and is authorized under the acquisition and cross- servicing authorities, Title 10, USC, Sections 2341–2350. DLA Energy, as delegated by DOD through DLA, has overall responsibility for negotiating, concluding, and amending international agreements for petroleum support. A stand-alone international agreement is usually negotiated by DLA Energy or a Service through the appropriate US embassy as authorized in DOD directive 5530.3, International Agreements. Contracts and Agreements A blanket purchase agreement should be considered for filling anticipated repetitive needs for supplies or services for a stated time period. Into-plane/into-truck contracts are used for refueling military aircraft at commercial airports where military facilities or personnel are not available. Bunker contracts have been established to provide propulsion fuel where US Government-owned stocks are not available. Principles of Bulk Water Purification, Storage, and Distribution As water requirements rise above individual or small unit needs, they need to be handled in “bulk” form. Tactical bulk water-support operations are implemented to purify water as close to the user as possible. Bulk water support normally is a Service responsibility. However, during joint operations, the subordinate joint force commander may assign water-support responsibilities on an area basis. Planning Guidance Water support planning is a continual process beginning with the identification of the force size and planned deployment rate. Total water requirements are placed in the theater water distribution plan developed by the CCDR, with support from the Service component commander. Consumption Requirements Considerations for planning water consumption requirements include the region (tropical, arctic, temperate, or arid), infrastructure, personal hygiene, food preparation, laundering, centralized hygiene, hospitals, decontamination requirements, vehicle maintenance, mortuary affairs, aircraft washing tactical ice plant, refugee/detainee civilian internee/ and prisoner of war camps, and firefighting. Water Support Operations Considerations for water support operations include: water purification, water storage, and water distribution. CONCLUSION This publication provides fundamental principles and guidance for providing bulk petroleum and water in support of joint operations.