Joinery Midterm PDF

Design & Millwork Drawings Architectural millwork Communication between the Architect and millwork company​ Usually more information ​ Design set before the estimating phase​ AWMAC (Architectural Woodwork Manufacturers Association of Canada) Residential millwork Communication...

Design & Millwork Drawings Architectural millwork Communication between the Architect and millwork company​ Usually more information ​ Design set before the estimating phase​ AWMAC (Architectural Woodwork Manufacturers Association of Canada) Residential millwork Communication between owner, designer and millwork company ​ Design can change at the estimating phase​ More variation in construction standards​ CKCA (Canadian Kitchen Cabinet Association Type of communication : RFI:( request info) -​ gather info that wasn’t initially included in the scope of the construction contract -​ Find missing specifications like hardware, appliances, finishes etc. -​ Clarify aspects of the project -​ Make substitutions where needed IFA:( issue for approval) -​ Document or drawing issued for client, designer, architect to review and make changes -​ Drawings contain all information necessary -​ Sometimes RFI questions may be asked -​ Can go back and forth IFC( issued for construction): -​ been modified to include all changes pricing options, and accurate site measurements -​ drawings can contain minor changes to reflect site measurement -​ Reviewing and returning IFA maintaining build schedules. -​ drawings the millwork shop will build and must be exact. -​ Budget is the most common reason for major design changes. Millwork shop drawing : -​ These are the shop drawings the millwork company will build from Design Drawings Design drawings = spec package all information needed.​ Missing info: Finishing schedule​ Hardware (pulls in particular)​ Accurate appliance specs.​ Puck lights ​ Adequate details Types of Saw Blades. Rip blade -​ cut in the direction of wood grain -​ large, -​ teeth sharply angled hooks and deep gullets  -​ cut is not particularly smooth, but the blade cuts quick -​ teeth are flat-topped -​ soft wood is 30° and for harder wood 20°. For extremely hard between 10° and 15°. Crosscut blade -​ fairly smooth edge and cutting across wood grain. -​ The teeth are smaller than a ripsaw blade and are greater in number. -​ should never be used for ripping -​ ATB (Alternate Tooth Bevel) -​ have a smaller (less than 10°), neutral (0°) or negative hook (the teeth lean backwards) Combination blade -​ both ripping and crosscutting, but the quality and speed -​ not as good and as fast as the rip and the crosscut blades. -​ teeth arranged in sets of five , with each set of four crosscut teeth and one ripping tooth Triple chip tooth -​ combination with rip or even crosscut teeth, -​ only tooth shape on a saw blade. -​ blades used for either ripping or for crosscutting. -​ flat topped (rip) teeth in a blade used materials such as MDF and particle board. Sheet Goods sheet goods = flat sheets. Common example: Less common : Compose board: Sheet goods made from fibers, chips or flakes are known as composition boards: MDF Common trade names include Medite* and Ranger* board Sizes of MDF: Thickness​ From 2.5 mm (1/10”) to 50 mm (2”) with the most common being:​ 6mm (1/4”)​ 12mm (1/2”)​ 19 mm (3/4”)​ 25 mm (1” Particle board Sizes of Particle board: Thickness​ Typical thicknesses are 3/8” (10mm) to 1 5/8” (41mm) with door core as thick as 2 ¼” 57mm)​ Plywood -​ Plywood =3 layers:​ Wood veneer front and back faces​ A core layer = wood veneer, composition board, solid wood or a combination Plywood veneer core construction  -​ Layers of veneer are glued at right angles to each other. -​ A greater number of piles usually result in greater stability. -​ prevent the sheet from warping Classes of plywood -​ Construction & Industrial (aka softwood plywood) -​ strength is more important than appearance -​ Primarily softwood veneers & most panels are unsanded -​ upper grades are sanded and may be used in millwork and sign making. -​ Most are made with a waterproof adhesive. -​ Hardwood & Decorative (aka hardwood plywood)​ Appearance is the priority over strength​ A wide variety of cores used​ Primarily hardwood veneer faces (some high-end softwoods)​ Mainly interior use – usually not a waterproof glue Overlay plywood ​ Used for signs and smooth concrete formwork​ - Medium Density Overlay (MDO) is the most common​ -High Density Overlay (HDO) has a very smooth, hard, chemically resistant face Veneer & Veneer Patterns Veneer -​ thin sheets of solid wood cut or sliced from a log called a flitch. -​ A flitch= stack or bundle of veneers cut from a log. -​ Hardwood or softwood face veneer may be sliced as thin as 1/40” -​ (veneer) =3/16 of an inch thick. Advantages to using veneer​ Good use resources​ curved work ​ Matching techniques easier to achieve a wide range of applications Veneer cutting methods: Rotary cut : Rotary cut veneer is the log section on a lathe and rotating it against a stationary knife Most softwood veneer is rotary cut, along with some hardwood species Flat cut : Flat-cut veneer half log and cut parallel to the center of the log Most hardwood face veneer is cut using this method Half round : Half-round cut veneer is produced half-log section on a lathe-arm and rotating it against a stationary knife Quarter sliced: quartered log and cut roughly parallel to the rays. Rift cut : from a quartered log but cut at roughly 45 degrees Plywood face matching methods Are kept in a sequenced stack called a flitch. Joined together into faces or backs by one of the matching methods Book Match  Every second piece is turned over like opening a book which forms a mirrored pattern. Slip Match without flipping, the left side of each piece is joined to the right side Random Match Gives a casual, unmatched effect. No match colours or grains. Pleasing Match Similar to random but similar colour on all leaves. Other Veneer Patterns Methods for veneer assembly The 3 main methods are stitching, taping and edge gluing. Stitching is done on the back side of the veneer while taping is done on the face and then sanded off after pressing. TapingStitching Adhesives for veneering ​ For hot pressing:​ Cross-linked PVA or Urea Formaldehyde​ For cold pressing:​ Any good wood glue, but hard setting glues like UF 109 are best​ Woodworking Joints Purpose of joints: Hold and support add strength to the connection point of two pieces Decorative highlight beautiful joinery or to hide methods of construction Frame joints constructing items like window frames or doors Casework joints connect and strengthen cabinet parts, are dowel joints, dados, rabbets, groves, splines and biscuit joints. A dado is a three-sided recess A rabbet is a recess that runs along the edge of a board and is open on one side. Mechanical fasteners Casework joints can be made using mechanical fasteners Other useful joints