Invertebrates for Zoology PDF

: KINGDOM THE INVERTEBRATES BILATERAL RADIAL GASTRULA DURING GASTRULATION STAGE In protostomes, blastopore becomes the mouth. In deuterostomes, blastopore becomes the anus. LOPHOPHORE TROCHOPHORE COREID BUG COREID BUG DURING ECDYSIS  : KINGDOM THE INVERT...

: KINGDOM THE INVERTEBRATES BILATERAL RADIAL GASTRULA DURING GASTRULATION STAGE In protostomes, blastopore becomes the mouth. In deuterostomes, blastopore becomes the anus. LOPHOPHORE TROCHOPHORE COREID BUG COREID BUG DURING ECDYSIS  : KINGDOM THE INVERTEBRATES  :PORIFERA KINGDOM PHYLUM SPONGES Sessile with porous bodies and choanocytes No nerve or muscles, but the individual cells can sense and react to changes in the environment  :PORIFERA KINGDOM PHYLUM SPONGES Most are hermaphrodites - gametes arise from choanocytes or amoebocytes They use regeneration to reproduce asexually  :CNIDARIA KINGDOM PHYLUM JELLIES, CORALS etc. Have radial symmetry, gastrovascular cavity, and cnidocytes. Two basic body plans: Polyp and Medusa.  :CNIDARIA KINGDOM PHYLUM JELLIES, CORALS etc. Muscles and nerves occur in their simplest forms Phylum Cnidaria is divided into 3 major classes  :CNIDARIA KINGDOM PHYLUM JELLIES, CORALS etc. Hydrozoa (polyp and medusa, e.g. hydras) Scyphozoa (medusa, e.g. jellies) Anthozoa (polyp, e.g. sea anemones, most corals) ASEXUAL Polyp Planula Medusa Fertilization SEXUAL  : KINGDOM PHYLUM CTENOPHORA COMB JELLIES Posses rows of ciliary plates and adhesive colloblast Ctenophora means “comb- bearer” - 8 rows of comblike plates composed of fused cilia Retractable Tentacle  : KINGDOM PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES FLATWORMS Relatively simple bilaterian, unsegmented, soft bodied invertebrates Acoelomates, and having no specialized circulatory and respiratory organs…  : KINGDOM PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES FLATWORMS Triploblastic - the middle embryonic tissue layer, mesoderm - contributes to the development of more complex organs and true muscles.  : KINGDOM PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES FLATWORMS Have gastrovascular cavity with only one opening. (Tapeworms lack a digestive tract and absorb nutrients across their body surface)  : KINGDOM PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES FLATWORMS Flatworms are divided into four classes: A. Turbellaria (free living) B. Monogenea C. Trematoda (flukes) D. Cestoidea (tapeworms)  :ROTIFERA KINGDOM PHYLUM ROTIFERS Pseudocoelomates with jaws, crowns of cilia, and a complete digestive tract Parthenogenesis: some species consists only of females from unfertilized eggs  :NEMERTEA KINGDOM PHYLUM PROBOSCIS WORMS A.K.A. Ribbon Worms Unique anterior proboscis surrounded by fluid-filled cavity – RHYNCHOCOEL Complete digestive tract Closed circulatory system  Rhynchocoel Anus Mouth Digestive Tract Proboscis Length: 1 mm to 30 m  : KINGDOM THE INVERTEBRATES  :MOLLUSCA KINGDOM PHYLUM MOLLUSKS Have muscular foot, a visceral mass, and a mantle Coelom reduced; main body cavity is a hemocoel.  :MOLLUSCA KINGDOM PHYLUM MOLLUSKS Separate sexes, with gonads (Ovaries/Testes) located in visceral mass (Many snails are hermaphrodite) TROCHOPHORE - ciliated larval form. TROCHOPHORE LARVA  :MOLLUSCA KINGDOM PHYLUM CLASS POLYPLACOPHORA Marine; shell with eight plates; foot used for locomotion; head reduced They are grazers that use their “radulas” to cut and ingest algae.  :MOLLUSCA KINGDOM PHYLUM CLASS GASTROPODA Marine, freshwater, or terrestrial; asymmetric body, usually with coiled shell; shell reduced or absent in some; foot for locomotion; radula is present. TORSION  :MOLLUSCA KINGDOM PHYLUM CLASS BIVALVIA Aquatic; flattened shell with two valves; head reduced; paired gills; most are filter feeders; mantle forms siphons. SIPHON  :MOLLUSCA KINGDOM PHYLUM CLASS CEPHALOPODA Marine; head surrounded by grasping tentacles, usually with suckers  :MOLLUSCA KINGDOM PHYLUM CLASS CEPHALOPODA Shell is external, internal or absent; locomotion by jet propulsion using siphon.  :MOLLUSCA KINGDOM PHYLUM CLASS CEPHALOPODA The only mollusk with a closed circulatory system and well developed nervous system.  :ANNELIDA KINGDOM PHYLUM SEGMENTED WORMS Coelomates with body wall and internal organs, segmented (except the digestive system). CLITELLUM  :ANNELIDA KINGDOM PHYLUM POLYCHAETA Well developed head; each segment has parapodia w/ setae; tube dwelling and free living  :ANNELIDA KINGDOM PHYLUM POLYCHAETA Well developed head; each segment has parapodia w/ setae; tube dwelling and free living  :ANNELIDA KINGDOM PHYLUM OLIGOCHAETA Reduced head; no parapodia  :ANNELIDA KINGDOM PHYLUM HIRUDINEA Body usually flat; reduced coelom and segmentation; setae absent  :NEMATODA KINGDOM PHYLUM ROUNDWORMS Cylindrical, unsegmented pseudocoelomates w/ pointed ends; no circulatory system  : KINGDOM PHYLUM ARTHROPODA INSECTS, ARACHNID etc. Coelomates with segmented body, jointed appendages, exoskeleton made of chitin  : KINGDOM PHYLUM ARTHROPODA INSECTS, ARACHNID etc. Coelomates with segmented body, jointed appendages, exoskeleton made of chitin  : KINGDOM PHYLUM ARTHROPODA INSECTS, ARACHNID etc. Ecdysis (molting) is energetically expensive and leaves arthropods vulnerable  : KINGDOM PHYLUM ARTHROPODA INSECTS, ARACHNID etc. They have open circulatory system  : KINGDOM PHYLUM ARTHROPODA ARACHNIDA Body having one or two main parts; six pairs of appendages - chelicerae, pedipalps, 4 pairs of walking legs  WALKING LEGS PEDEPALP CHELICERAE  : KINGDOM PHYLUM ARTHROPODA INSECTA Body divided into head, thorax and abdomen; antennae present  : KINGDOM PHYLUM ARTHROPODA INSECTA Mouthparts modified for chewing, sucking, or lapping  : KINGDOM PHYLUM ARTHROPODA INSECTA With two pairs of wings and three pairs of legs  : KINGDOM PHYLUM ARTHROPODA CRUSTACEA Body of two/three parts; antennae present; chewing mouthparts; three or more walking legs; marine  : KINGDOM PHYLUM ARTHROPODA CHILOPODA Terrestrial carnivores; head has a pair of antennae and three pairs of appendages modified as mouthparts; poison claws on the anterior- most trunk segment  : KINGDOM PHYLUM ARTHROPODA DIPLOPODA Large number of walking legs (two pairs per segment) Herbivores  : KINGDOM PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA ECHINODERMS Coelomates with secondary radial anatomy (larvae bilateral; adults radial) Unique water vascular system Endoskeleton  : KINGDOM PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA ECHINODERMS Coelomates with secondary radial anatomy (larvae bilateral; adults radial) Unique water vascular system Endoskeleton  : KINGDOM THE INVERTEBRATES