Intro to SIA.pdf

System Integration & Architecture 1 8/17/24 System Integration & Architecture ITP207  Introduction 2 8/17/24...

System Integration & Architecture 1 8/17/24 System Integration & Architecture ITP207  Introduction 2 8/17/24 System Integration & Architecture u Many systems are built to easy, improve and transform organizations. u Systems built may not have an abstract view (architecture) which leads to failure of system interoperability.  Introduction 3 u When the organization is large, need is required 8/17/24 System Integration & Architecture to integrate such systems to ensure: ü Flexibility ü Speed ü Cost ü Standardization ü Data Integrity ü Reliability ü Robustness. Key terminologies: 5 8/17/24 System Integration & Architecture u System u Systems Thinking u System Integration u System Architecture u Project  System 6 8/17/24 System Integration & Architecture uA group of interacting or interrelated entities that form a unified whole u Anarray of components designed to accomplish a particular objective according to plan Systems Thinking 7 8/17/24 System Integration & Architecture Ø is the ability or skill to perform problem solving in complex system  Systems Thinking 8 8/17/24 System Integration & Architecture Ø Is a way of understanding an entity in terms of its purpose Ø The three major steps followed in systems thinking 1. Identify a containing whole (system), of which the thing to be explained is a part. 2. Explain the behavior or properties of the containing whole. 3. Explain the behavior or properties of the thing to be explained in terms of its role(s)or function(s) within its containing whole Systems Integration 9 8/17/24 System Integration & Architecture u Is the combination of inter-related elements to achieve a common objective(s) u allows for the automated exchange of consistent information between different systems  Systems Architecture 10 8/17/24 System Integration & Architecture u refersto the high-level design and structure of complex systems u serves as a blueprint or framework that defines how various components, subsystems, and modules within a system interact with each other to achieve specific objectives What is a project? 11 ua system developer and architects cannot 8/17/24 System Integration & Architecture do anything without first establishing various projects ( projects may be new or existing ) u firstunderstand what a project is, factors that influence the project, who the owners are and many more What Is a Project? 8/17/24 System Integration & Architecture u is a temporary endeavor undertaken to accomplish a unique product or service u Attributes of projects u unique purpose u temporary u require resources, often from various areas u should have a primary sponsor and/or customer u involve uncertainty  13 Projects Cannot Be Run in Isolation 8/17/24 System Integration & Architecture u Projectsmust operate in a broad organizational environment u Project managers need to take a holistic or systems view of a project and understand how it is situated within the larger organization 13 Stakeholders are the people involved in or affected by project 8/17/24 System Integration & Architecture v activities v Stakeholders include u the project sponsor and project team u support staff u customers u users u suppliers u opponents to the project Importance of Stakeholders 15 8/17/24 System Integration & Architecture u Project managers must take time to identify, understand, and manage relationships with all project stakeholders u Using the four frames of organizations can help meet stakeholder needs and expectations u Senior executives are very important stakeholders Basic Organizational Structures 16 8/17/24 System Integration & Architecture u Depends on the company and/or the project u The structure helps define the roles and responsibilities of the members of the department, work group, or organization. u Four general types of organizational structure: § functional § divisional § matrix § project-based Basic Organizational Structures 17 8/17/24 System Integration & Architecture u Functional Structure – also referred to as a bureaucratic organizational structure and breaks up a company based on the specialization of its workforce u People who do similar tasks, have similar skills and/or jobs in an organization are grouped into a functional structure. Basic Organizational Structures 18 8/17/24 System Integration & Architecture u Divisional Structure - In a divisional structure, the company will coordinate inter-group relationships to create a work team that can readily meet the needs of a certain customer or group of customers. Basic Organizational Structures 19 8/17/24 System Integration & Architecture u Matrix Structure - Matrix structures are more complex in that they group people in two different ways: by the function they perform and by the product team they are working with. Basic Organizational Structures 20 8/17/24 System Integration & Architecture u Project Organization Structure - In a project-organizational structure, the teams are put together based on the number of members needed to produce the product or complete the project.  21 21 System Integration & Architecture 8/17/24 Basic Organizational Structures