Introduction to Computer Studies PDF

Introduction to Computer Studies Dr. Mahmoud Mohamed  CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER Automatic: 1. Computers are automatic machines because it works by itself without human intervention. 2. Computer cannot start themselves. Accuracy: 1. The accuracy of a computer is very high. 2. The degree...

Introduction to Computer Studies Dr. Mahmoud Mohamed  CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER Automatic: 1. Computers are automatic machines because it works by itself without human intervention. 2. Computer cannot start themselves. Accuracy: 1. The accuracy of a computer is very high. 2. The degree of accuracy of a particular computer depends upon its design. 3. Errors can occur by the computer. But these are due to human weakness, due to incorrect data, but not due to the technological weakness. Speed: 1. Computer is a very fast device. It can perform the amount of work in few seconds  CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER Storage: - The Computer has an in-built memory where it can store a large amount of data. Diligence: - A computer is free from tiredness, lack of concentration, fatigue, etc. It can work for hours without creating any error. Versatility: - It means the capacity to perform completely different type of work. Power of Remembering: - Computer has the power of storing any amount of information or data. No IQ: - Computer is a dumb machine and it cannot do any work without instruction from the user. No Feeling: - It does not have feelings or emotion, taste, knowledge and experience.  Categories of Computer Supercomputer A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful, and most expensive computer used for applications that require complex and sophisticated mathematical calculations. Gigaflops= 109 arithmetic operation per second. Teraflops=1012 arithmetic operation per second. Petaflops=1015 arithmetic operation per second.  Categories of Computer Mainframe A mainframe is a large, expensive, but powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users at the same time. Minicomputer A minicomputer is a computer of a size intermediate between a microcomputer and a mainframe.  Categories of Computer Workstation A workstation is a computer intended for individual use that is faster and more capable than a personal computer. Microcomputer A microcomputer is a small, relatively inexpensive computer with a microprocessor as its central processing unit (CPU).  The Generation of The Computers. First Generation: Duration: 1942-1955 Technology: vacuum tube Second Generation: Duration: 1955-1964 Technology: transistor. Third Generation: Duration: 1965-1975 Technology: IC chip  The Generation of The Computers. Fourth Generation: Duration: 1975-1989 Technology: Microprocessor chip The main structural components of a computer Organization of an information system Input processing output feedback