Introduction to System Analysis and Design (SAD) PDF

Week Introduction to System 1.1 Analysis and Design (SAD)  Lesson Objectives 2 Explain the role played in IS development by the systems analyst. Describe the fundamental systems development life cycle and its four phases. Explain how organizations identify IS de...

Week Introduction to System 1.1 Analysis and Design (SAD)  Lesson Objectives 2 Explain the role played in IS development by the systems analyst. Describe the fundamental systems development life cycle and its four phases. Explain how organizations identify IS development projects. Describe technical, economic, and organizational feasibility assessment.  System Analysis and Information System Development 3 Why do 30-70% of IT project fail?  System Analysis and Information System Development 4 Motivation A significant proportion of IT projects fail to fulfil their original objectives, resulting in wasted resources and a damaged reputation for the responsible IT department. In many cases, the causes of the failure are organizational issues, not technical issues. Numerous studies over the years report that projects involving information technology experience failure rates from 30 to 70%. The definition of failure in these studies is often quite different, so the meaning of these statistics is hard to pin down. Bringing an IS development project to a successful  Lets Talk 5 What is SAD? What is a System? What is an Information System?  Systems Analysis and Design 6 A system is a set of related components that produces specific results. Systems analysis and design is a step-by-step process for developing high-quality information systems. An information system combines information technology, people, and data to support business requirements. For example, information systems handle daily business transactions, improve company productivity, and help managers make sound decisions. The IT department team includes systems analysts who The System Analyst and Information System Development 7 Creating high-quality IS that meet expectations and provide meaningful value to organizations is a much more complex endeavour. The systems analyst plays a key role in the systems development life cycle - SDLC, analyzing the business situation, identifying opportunities for improvements and designing an IS to implement the improvements. It is important to remember that the primary objective of the systems analyst is not to create a wonderful system. The primary goal is to create  The System Analyst 8 A systems analyst investigates, analyzes, designs, develops, installs, evaluates, and maintains a company’s information systems. To perform those tasks, a systems analyst constantly interacts with users and managers within and outside the company. In addition, systems analysts may serve as change agents who identify the organizational improvements needed, design systems to implement those changes, and train and motivate others to use the systems. The Systems analyst must understand how to apply technology to solve business problems. On large projects, the analyst works as a member of an IT  The System Analyst Skills 9 A successful systems analyst needs technical knowledge, oral and written communication skills, an understanding of business operations, and critical thinking (analytical) skills. Analysts must have the technical skills to understand the organization’s existing technical environment, the new system’s technology foundation, and the way in which both can be fit into an integrated technical solution. Business skills are required to understand how IT can be applied to business processes and to ensure that IT  The System Analyst Roles 10 The systems analyst role focuses on the IS issues surrounding the system. He develops ideas and suggestions for ways that IT can support and improve business processes, helps design new business processes supported by IT, designs the new IS, and ensures that all IS standards are maintained. The business analyst role focuses on the business issues surrounding the system. He identifies the business value that the system will create, develops ideas for improving the business processes, and helps design new business processes and policies.  The System Analyst Roles cont’d 11 The requirements analyst role focuses on eliciting the requirements from the stakeholders associated with the new system. The infrastructure analyst role focuses on technical issues surrounding the ways the system will interact with the organization’s technical infrastructure (hardware, software, networks, and databases). Over time, an experienced infrastructure analyst may assume the role of software architect, who takes a holistic view of the organization’s IT environment and guides application design decisions within that  The System Analyst Roles cont’d 12 The change management analyst role focuses on the people and management issues surrounding the system installation. This person ensures that adequate documentation and support are available to users, provides user training on the new system, and develops strategies to overcome resistance to change. Career Paths for System Developers 13  Question 14 Suppose you set a goal to become an analyst after you graduate. What type of analyst would you most prefer to be? Why does this particular analyst role appeal to you? What type of courses should you take before you graduate? What type of summer job or internship should you seek? Create a short plan describing how you will prepare for your