IMR533-Chapter 2 - Professional Ethics.pptx

IMR533 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS CHAPTER 2  Learning Objectives 01 Define profession and professional. 02 Identify professional and ethical responsibilities. 03 Elaborate the impact of technological, ethical dimension and legal framework to the...

IMR533 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS CHAPTER 2  Learning Objectives 01 Define profession and professional. 02 Identify professional and ethical responsibilities. 03 Elaborate the impact of technological, ethical dimension and legal framework to the information professions. 04 Explain civil and criminal implications of noncompliance to the professional ethics 1 Profession and Professional What is Profession and Professional? The word professional comes from the Latin word professio, which means a public declaration or an occupation. The word profession originally meant a vow made by a religious person, such as a monk or a nun, to follow a certain way of life. Later, the word profession came to mean any occupation that required specialized training and education, such as law, medicine, or teaching. The word professional emerged in the 17th century to describe someone who belonged to or practiced a profession, or someone who exhibited a high standard of conduct or skill in their work. onal enjoy more er over t he client ven. Requirements of a Professional What is Information Professions? Information professions encompass a range of occupations and roles that involve the management, organization, dissemination, and preservation of information in various formats and contexts. Professionals in information professions typically work in libraries, archives, museums, information centers, educational institutions, government agencies, and other organizations where information plays a central role. Roles - Information Professionals Key roles within information professions include librarians, archivists, information scientists, museum curators, records managers, knowledge managers, and information technology specialists, among others. These professionals are responsible for tasks such as cataloging and classifying information, providing reference and research services, managing digital and physical collections, preserving cultural heritage, designing information systems, and promoting information literacy and access.  Role - Information Professionals Information professionals play a critical role in facilitating access to information resources, supporting research and learning, preserving cultural heritage, promoting information literacy, and ensuring the ethical and responsible use of information in society.  Observance of a code of conduct. A working professional usually observes these four types of codes: Requireme 1. The professional code: A set of guidelines provided to the professional by the profession spelling out what a nts of a professional ought to do and not do. Professiona l: 2. A personal code: A set of individual moral guidelines on which professionals operate e.g religious belief, culture. Whatever the case, a personal code supplements the professional code significantly. Code of 3. The institutional code: A code imposed by the institution for which the professional is working. This code Practice is meant to build and maintain the public’s confidence in the institution and its employees. 4. The community code: A community standard code developed over a period of time based on either the religion or culture of the community in the area. It may be imposed by civil law or the culture of the community in which the professional works. 2 Professional and Ethical Responsibilitie s  Why is ethic important to profession? Ethics is important to profession because it helps to ensure the quality, integrity, and reputation of the work and the workers. Ethics also helps to protect the rights and interests of the clients, customers, and society at large: 1. Ethics boosts profession trust and credibility. Following ethical standards demonstrates competence and reliability, enhancing reputation and  Why is ethic important to profession? 3. Ethics safeguards professional rights and interests. It guides professionals to uphold values and respect clients and society. Additionally, ethics prevents conflicts and ensures accountability in actions. 4. Ethical standards govern decision making and actions based on legal and moral principles. 5. Ethics benefits professionals, individuals, and society. It fosters moral character, integrity, and societal harmony. Professional and ethical responsibilities Professional and ethical responsibilities are a set of obligations and duties that individuals and organizations have in the context of their specific professions or roles. Benefits of ethics in a profession: 1. Integrity: Upholding honesty and truthfulness in all professional interactions, avoiding deception, misrepresentation, or unethical practices. 2. Confidentiality: Safeguarding sensitive information and maintaining the privacy of individuals or organizations in accordance with applicable laws and ethical codes. 3. Competence: Continuously developing and maintaining the skills, knowledge, and expertise required to perform one's professional duties effectively and responsibly. Professional and ethical responsibilities (Cont.) 4. Accountability: Taking responsibility for one's actions, decisions, and the consequences of those actions, including acknowledging mistakes and taking steps to rectify them. 5. Non-discrimination: Treating all individuals and groups with fairness and impartiality, regardless of their race, gender, age, religion, or other protected characteristics. 6. Fidelity: Remaining loyal to one's clients, employers, or stakeholders, and fulfilling obligations and commitments in a trustworthy manner. 7. Legal Compliance: Adhering to relevant laws, regulations, and industry- specific standards that apply to one's profession. 8. Avoiding Conflicts of Interest: Identifying and mitigating conflicts of interest that may compromise professional judgment or impartiality. Professional and ethical responsibilities (Cont.) 9. Informed Consent: Ensuring that individuals affected by professional decisions have a clear understanding of the potential risks, benefits, and implications and provide informed consent when necessary. 10. Social Responsibility: Recognizing the impact of professional actions on society, the environment, and the well-being of the community and taking steps to minimize harm and promote social good. 11. Reporting Ethical Violations: Being willing to report unethical behavior by oneself or others, and cooperating with relevant authorities and processes to address ethical concerns. 12. Professional Development: Committing to lifelong learning and staying current with developments in one's field to maintain competence and improve professional skills. Professional and ethical responsibilities (Cont.) 13. Service Excellence: Striving for excellence in delivering services or products, meeting or exceeding the expectations of clients or customers. 14. Ethical Leadership: Setting a positive example for colleagues, subordinates, and the industry through ethical behavior, decision-making, and actions. 15. Corporate Social Responsibility: Organizations have ethical responsibilities to society, which may include environmental stewardship, community engagement, and philanthropy. 16. Fiduciary responsibility: is a legal and ethical obligation to act in the best interests of another party. It is a relationship of trust and confidence between two parties, where one party (the fiduciary) is responsible for managing the assets of the other party (the beneficiary) Professional and ethical responsibilities (Cont.)  Professional and ethical responsibilities vary depending on the specific profession, industry, and local regulations. Professionals and organizations are often guided by ethical codes of conduct or industry- specific guidelines that help define and enforce these responsibilities.  Adhering to these responsibilities is essential for maintaining trust, reputation, and the integrity of a profession or business. Violating them can lead to legal consequences, loss of credibility, and damage to one's professional or organizational standing.  Professional and ethical responsibilities are important for ensuring the quality, integrity, and reputation of the work and the workers. They also help to protect the rights and interests of the clients, customers, and society at large.  Impact of 3 Technological, Ethical Dimension and Legal Framework to the Information Professions 3.1 Technological Impact 1. Enhanced Access to Information: Technological advancements have expanded access to information, enabling information professionals to retrieve, organize, and disseminate information more efficiently and effectively. 2. Digital Preservation Challenges: Information professionals face challenges related to the preservation and management of digital information due to rapid technological changes, evolving formats, and potential obsolescence of digital media. 3. Emergence of New Information Formats: Technological innovations have led to the emergence of new information formats such as multimedia, interactive content, and virtual reality, requiring information professionals to adapt their skills and practices accordingly. 3.1 Technological Impact (Cont.) 4. Data Management and Big Data: The proliferation of data generated by digital technologies presents opportunities and challenges for information professionals in managing and analyzing large volumes of data, often referred to as big data, to extract valuable insights. 5. Cybersecurity Concerns: Information professionals must address cybersecurity concerns related to the protection of sensitive information, privacy rights, and data breaches in an increasingly interconnected and digitized environment. 3.2 Ethical Impact 3.2 Ethical Impact (Cont.) 3.3 Legal Impact 3.3 Legal Impact (Cont.) 4 Civil and Criminal Implications Divisions of Law in Malaysia 26 D 2 7 i v Governs matters such as contracts, i Civil Law torts, property, and family law for all individuals within the country's legal s jurisdiction. Deals with private disputes between i individuals or entities. Remedies sought typically involve o monetary compensation, specific performance, or injunctions. D 2 8 i v Enforced by state authorities to i Criminal maintain public order and safety. It deals with acts that are considered s Law harmful or threatening to the public welfare, such as murder, theft, assault, i or fraud. Penalties including fines, imprisonment, o probation, community service, or the death penalty for severe crimes. D 2 9 i v Specific to Muslims in Malaysia and applies i Shariah primarily to matters concerning personal status, family law, and religious observance. s Law Governs matters such as marriage, divorce, inheritance, and religious observance for Muslims. i Penalties under Shariah law can include fines, imprisonment, and corporal punishment for o offenses such as adultery, alcohol consumption, and apostasy.  Civil & Criminal – Information Violating information laws can haveLaws both civil and criminal implications, depending on the nature and severity of the violation and the applicable laws and regulations in a given jurisdiction. Information law violations typically pertain to issues like data privacy, intellectual property, cybersecurity, and more. Here's an overview of the civil and criminal implications of information law violations: 4.1 Civil Implications 4.1 Civil Implications (Cont.) 4.1 Civil Implications (Cont.) 4.2 Criminal Implications 4.2 Criminal Implications (Cont.)