Important Parts and Pointers on Key Figures and Scientific Contributions PDF

Important Parts and Pointers Key Figures and Their Contributions Nicolaus Copernicus Contribution: Developed the heliocentric model of the universe, placing the Sun at the center with Earth and other planets orbiting it. Impact: Sparked the scientific revolution and challenged the geocentric mod...

Important Parts and Pointers Key Figures and Their Contributions Nicolaus Copernicus Contribution: Developed the heliocentric model of the universe, placing the Sun at the center with Earth and other planets orbiting it. Impact: Sparked the scientific revolution and challenged the geocentric model endorsed by the Church. Charles Darwin Contribution: Proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection in his book \"The Origin of Species.\" Impact: Revolutionized biology and influenced various fields such as medicine, agriculture, and social sciences. Sigmund Freud Contribution: Developed the method of psychoanalysis to study human behavior and inner life. Impact: Influenced psychology, psychotherapy, and the understanding of human nature. Development of Science in Different Regions Mesoamerica Civilizations: Maya, Inca, Aztec Contributions: Advanced astronomy, calendar systems, agricultural techniques, and the invention of tools like the canoe and chinampa. Asia Civilizations: India, China, Middle East Contributions: India: Ayurveda, mathematical concepts like zero, and astronomical theories. China: Traditional medicine, inventions like the compass and gunpowder, and significant astronomical records. Middle East: Development of the scientific method, contributions to mathematics (algebra, algorithms), and advancements in medicine. Africa Civilizations: Ancient Egypt Contributions: Geometry, astronomy, metallurgy, and early medical practices. Science and Technology in the Philippines Historical Background Pre-Spanish Era: Indigenous knowledge in agriculture, medicine, and astronomy. Spanish Era: Introduction of formal education and Western technology. American Era: Establishment of public education, improvement in health and engineering, and the creation of the University of the Philippines. Government Policies Programs: Scholarships, science high schools, science and technology parks, and the Balik Scientist Program. Goals: Improve competitiveness, enhance research capabilities, and develop human resources in science and technology. Famous Filipino Scientists Ramon Cabanos Barba: Research on tissue culture in Philippine mangoes. Joséfino Cacas Comiso: Observing the characteristics of Antarctica using satellite images. Lourdes Jansuy Cruz: Research on sea snail venom. Fabian Millar Dayrit: Research on herbal medicine. Enrique Mapua Ostrea Jr.: Invented the meconium drug testing. Indigenous Science and Technology Indigenous Knowledge System Examples: Predicting weather, using herbal medicine, preserving food, and building irrigation systems. Indigenous Science Definition: Part of the indigenous knowledge system, includes traditional knowledge and practices. Components: Science process skills, community culture, and values. Here are the notable scientists arranged in their respective places: Scientific Revolution and Notable Scientists Nicolaus Copernicus: Known for his heliocentric model of the universe, which placed the Sun at the center with the Earth and other planets orbiting around it. His work \"De revolutionibus orbium coelestium\" is often cited as the start of the scientific revolution. Charles Darwin: Famous for his theory of evolution by natural selection, which he detailed in his book \"The Origin of Species.\" His work laid the foundation for modern evolutionary biology. Sigmund Freud: Developed the method of psychoanalysis, which is a scientific way to study human inner life and neurological conditions. He is a towering figure in psychology and has significantly influenced the understanding of human behavior. Development of Science in the Middle East Ibn al-Haytham: Regarded as the \"Father of Optics\" for his empirical proof of the intromission theory of light and his significant contributions to the field of optics. Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi: Known for his work in mathematics, particularly for giving his name to the concept of the algorithm and for his contributions to algebra. Jābir ibn Hayyān: Often considered the \"Father of Chemistry\" for his foundational work in the field of chemistry and alchemy. Ibn Sina (Avicenna): Pioneered the science of experimental medicine and conducted clinical trials. His notable works include \"The Book of Healing\" and \"The Canon of Medicine,\" which were used as standard texts in both the Muslim world and Europe. Famous Filipino Scientists Ramon Cabanos Barba: Known for his research on tissue culture in Philippine mangoes. Joséfino Cacas Comiso: Recognized for his work on observing the characteristics of Antarctica using satellite images. Jose Bejar Cruz Jr.: Internationally known in the field of electrical engineering and elected as an officer of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineering. Lourdes Jansuy Cruz: Notable for her research on sea snail venom. Fabian Millar Dayrit: Known for his research on herbal medicine. Rafael Dineros Guerrero III: Recognized for his research on tilapia culture. Enrique Mapua Ostrea Jr.: Invented the meconium drug testing method. Lilian Formalejo Patena: Conducted research on plant biotechnology. Mari-Jo Panganiban Ruiz: An outstanding educator and graph theorist. Gregory Ligot Tangonan: Known for his research in the field of communications technology. Caesar A. Saloma: An internationally renowned physicist. Edgardo Gomez: Famous for his work in marine science. William Padolina: Known for his contributions to chemistry and as the president of the National Academy of Science and Technology (NAST) in the Philippines. Angel Alcala: Recognized for his contributions to marine science. These scientists have made significant contributions to their respective fields and have been recognized both locally and internationally for their work.