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# The Self from Philosophical Perspectives ## Socrates * Ancient Greek Philosopher * "Know thyself" * True wisdom comes from introspection and self-examination. ## Augustine * Theologian and Philosopher * Self is deeply intertwined with God * Through God's grace, we find self-fulfillment. ## Hume...

# The Self from Philosophical Perspectives ## Socrates * Ancient Greek Philosopher * "Know thyself" * True wisdom comes from introspection and self-examination. ## Augustine * Theologian and Philosopher * Self is deeply intertwined with God * Through God's grace, we find self-fulfillment. ## Hume * Scottish philosopher * Self is just an illusion * He proposed the Bundle Theory: the self is a bundle of perceptions, thoughts, and sensations. ## Ryle * British philosopher * Self is shown through actions and behaviors. * He coined the phrase "ghost in the machine." ## Plato * Ancient Greek Philosopher * Self is immortal and independent of the body * He believed in Tripartite Theory of the Soul. ## Descartes * French philosopher, scientist, and mathematician * "I think, therefore I am." * He proposed dualism: the mind and the body. ## Kant * German philosopher * The Inner Self includes our emotions and rational intellect. * The Outer Self is our physical and senses. ## Churchland * Canadian philosopher * Self is a product of brain activity. * He studied neurophilosophy or the philosophy of the mind. ## Aristotle * Ancient Greek Philosopher and polymath * Body and soul are inseparable from one another. * The self is a unified creature. ## Locke * English philosopher and physician * Tabula rasa * Self is shaped by memories and experience ## Freud * Austrian neurologist * His concept of self focused on the ego. * The ego served as a mediator between the superego and the id. ## Merleau-Ponty * French philosopher * Self is shaped by our physical body and senses. * He rejected the idea of dualism.